网络环境对组织创新的影响研究

对于网络环境的内涵必须从技术和结构两个层面全面把握,而技术层面的网络环境与结构层面的网络环境之间是紧密联系的。分析了网络环境下企业所面临的市场环境特征,深入研究了网络环境的高度动态变化以及其本身整合优势资源的特性在微观(创新观念、组织本身)、宏观(市场环境、竞争环境)和中观(企业间协调和变革)层次上对组织创新产生的一系列影响。     

网络环境下的档案管理创新研究

随着计算机技术及网络技术的发展和普及,传统的档案管理模式正逐步被综合应用计算机技术、网络技术的电子化管理模式所取代。本文对网络环境下档案管理创新研究进行了分析,对档案管理创新具有参考价值。     

制度环境、网络能力与大学生创业绩效

基于制度理论和社会网络理论,构建了制度环境和网络能力对大学生新创企业绩效影响的理论模型.通过对大学生创业者的问卷调查,运用层次回归模型验证了理论假设.研究发现,规制环境与认知环境对大学生综合绩效有显著正向影响,规制环境对大学生创新绩效有显著正向影响;网络能力对大学生创业综合绩效与创新绩效均有显著影响,并对规范环境与综合绩效之间关系起正向调节作用,对认知环境与创新绩效之间关系起正向调节作用.讨论了研究结果对大学生创业者、创业教育者与转型经济背景下创业政策制定者的指导意义.     

高职院校图书馆网络电子图书流通服务创新

从电子图书及网络阅读的发展、高职院校图书馆网络电子图书流通服务创新的优势和平台3方面,对网络环境下的高职院校图书馆网络电子图书流通服务创新进行了探讨。     

高职院校图书馆网络电子期刊阅览服务创新

从高职院校图书馆网络电子期刊阅览服务创新的意义、优势和平台3方面,对网络环境下的高职院校图书馆网络电子期刊阅览服务创新进行了探讨。     

网络环境下高职院学生学习模式的研究

随着网络技术在教育领域的不断发展，对教师的教学策略、学生的学习模式都产生了重大影响。本文主要从概念、特点及基本环节等方面对高职院校学生网络环境下的学习模式进行了初步的研究。     

制造业网络联盟合作生产的合理半径选择

在分析网络环境下制造业联盟合作生产的动因、组织形式及其合理半径选择的重点难点的基础上,针对网络和移动商务环境下所发生的人员、信息、物流的流动情况对合作伙伴及合理半径选择上的影响,给出联盟合作生产合理半径的判定准则、流程与决策模型,该模型可同时对联盟合作伙伴的选择进行判断.最后,对建立的模型进行算理解析.     

开放度、关系网络及知识共享对企业创新绩效的影响

从知识流动方向的视角,将开放度分为内向型开放度和外向型开放度。基于长三角地区制造业企业232份调查问卷所获得的数据,用结构方程模型实证研究了开放度、关系网络及知识共享对企业创新绩效的影响。研究结果表明:1开放度对关系网络和知识共享都有直接的正向影响,且关系网络在开放度对知识共享的影响中发挥了重要的中介作用。2开放度和知识共享对创新绩效具有直接的正向影响。3关系网络对创新绩效没有显著的直接正向影响,但可以通过知识共享间接影响创新绩效。     

设计范式转变中的权利转移

目的探讨知识经济与网络社会环境下设计方法论和设计实践的发展趋势及走向。方法以信息与互联网技术、新经济、网络社会的理论为基础,通过对当代设计观念的迭代发展进行分析与研究,分析设计在智能科技与互联网环境下,新范式形成与发展的走向。结论通过对近30年全球设计现象和设计方法的分析与研究,可以看出人类志学、认知与行为研究、社会与组织行为等理论,将在设计研究中成为当代设计的基本理论基础。全球设计界在经历了通用设计、信息与交互设计、社会创新与可持续设计等理念发展阶段,设计的领域将从有形实体向无形价值方向探索和转移,设计方法论也逐渐从实证分析向系统综合转型。服务设计与政策设计无疑将成为未来一段时间全球设计实践中的主要内容。同时,全球化与网络社会的趋势,将导致设计的权利从集约化向分布式转移。     

校图书馆文献资源建设的特点及发展对策

本文论述了高校图书馆文献信息资源的构成、特点及网络环境对高校图书馆文献信息资源建设的影响,探讨了网络环境下文献资源建设的对策和措施。     

网络环境下企业流程再造的应用研究

随着经营环境的变化,传统企业的组织和管理面临许多挑战.通过分析认为,在网络环境下,企业的业务流程、组织结构和管理机制必将发生革命性的变化,业务流程再造成为企业组织变革和管理创新的前提;提出了实施业务流程再造的基本思路、步骤和技术;探讨了业务流程再造实施过程中应该注意的问题;指出企业只有不断优化业务流程,才能最终推动企业组织变革和管理创新以适应环境的变化.     

Understanding innovation diffusion and adoption strategies in megaproject networks through a fuzzy system dynamic model

Innovation and knowledge diffusion in megaprojects is one of the most complicated issues in project management. Compared with conventional projects, megaprojects typically entail large-scale investments, long construction periods, and conflicting stakeholder interests, which result in a distinctive pattern of innovation diffusion. However, traditional investigation of innovation diffusion relies on subjective feedback from experts and frequently neglects inter-organizational knowledge creation, which frequently emerges in megaprojects. Therefore, this study adopted project network theory and modeled innovation diffusion in megaprojects as intra- and inter-organizational learning processes. In addition, system dynamics and fuzzy systems were combined to interpret experts’ subject options as quantitative coefficients of the project network model. This integrated model will assist in developing an insightful understanding of the mechanisms of innovation diffusion in megaprojects. Three typical network structures, namely, a traditional megaproject procurement organization (TMO), the environ megaproject organization (EMO), and an integrated megaproject organization (IMO), were examined under six management scenarios to verify the proposed analytic paradigm. Assessment of project network productivity suggested that the projectivity of the TMO was insensitive to technical and administrative innovations, the EMO could achieve substantial improvement from technical innovations, and the IMO trended incompatibly with administrative innovations. Thus, industry practitioners and project managers can design and reform agile project coordination by using the proposed quantitative model to encourage innovation adoption and reduce productivity loss at the start of newly established collaborations.     

Knowledge convergence and organization innovation: the moderating role of relational embeddedness

Knowledge convergence is an important means of innovation. The study aims to explore how knowledge convergence influences innovation performance at an organizational level. Furthermore, we address the moderating role of network relational embeddedness on the innovation deriving from knowledge convergence. Our empirical analyses adopting negative binomial regression models employ patent counts and patent citations from the nanotechnology field. The findings reveal that the scientific intensity in the convergence between scientific knowledge and technological knowledge has an inverted U-shaped influence on innovation performance and that this association is flattened in organizations with high network relational diversity. Also, we find that the technological scope in convergence of technological knowledge self has an inverted U-shaped influence on innovation performance and that this association is steepened in organizations with high network relational strength. Our findings add understandings of knowledge convergence on organization innovation and also have important practical and political implications.

     

Dynamics of collaboration network community and exploratory innovation: the moderation of knowledge networks

Scientometrics - Previous studies have explored the effects of network structures on organization’s exploratory innovation from different perspectives. However, few studies focus on the...     

Entrepreneurial networks and open innovation: the role of strategic and embedded ties

This paper considers the open innovation paradigm in the context of entrepreneurial firms. Based on an analysis of survey data, it examines the relationship between network ties and innovation. These are considered as the strategic network ties associated with open innovation and the embedded ties associated with entrepreneurial networks. It is found that both strategic and embedded ties are significantly associated with rates of innovation for entrepreneurial firms, although for the former this relationship is driven by a minority of larger or highly innovative firms. Strategic ties are most strongly linked to product and organisational innovations, whilst process innovations are more related to embedded network ties. There is some evidence of complementarity between the two forms of network tie. It is concluded that in the entrepreneurial context, the open innovation concept should be broadened to encompass the role performed by embedded network ties.     

基于社会网络理论的集群创新网络中的创新扩散行为

利用社会网络理论构建了集群网络中的创新扩散模型,运用仿真技术分析了集群创新网络结构对创新扩散行为的影响,研究表明集群网络结构使得创新信息的扩散效率更高、创新扩散过程的速度更快。集群网络的社会影响对集群创新扩散速度产生重要影响,当集群主体对社会影响的敏感程度较低时,社会影响有助于创新信息在集群网络中的扩散,而当集群主体对社会影响的敏感程度较大时,社会影响将会阻碍创新信息在集群网络中的扩散。     

The External Sourcing of Technological Knowledge by US Pharmaceutical Companies: Strategic Goals and Inter-organizational Relationships

This study of the organization of the discovery function by large US pharmaceutical companies (LPCs) examines an important knowledge acquisition strategy—external sourcing of compounds and technologies. Through a critical examination of the “capabilities” thesis in strategic management and of the theoretical conceptualization in organization studies of innovation networks, we undertake an in-depth qualitative analysis of the network relationships LPCs establish with biotechnology firms/public research laboratories. We additionally examine the motivations and degree of strategic intent of R&D managers involved in external knowledge sourcing. The paper identifies the tensions and contradictions in network relationships and indicates how these lead to changes in knowledge sourcing. This qualitative analysis is placed in its industry and technology context. This reveals both the pressures towards and the trends in external knowledge sourcing, as compared with in-house discovery. Extensive interviews with US LPCs and biotechnology firms provide a rare glimpse of how some of the most important actors in global innovation networks handle a significant new innovation strategy.     

从典型案例探索官产学创新网络的合作机制

采用对比研究方法,从不同参与主体的角度对国外的三个典型的官产学创新网络展开了案例研究.针对中国目前创新网络存在的问题,提出促进创新网络良性运行的对策:在创新网络的组建时期,建立官产学紧密合作的创新网络;在平稳运行期,创新网络从政府主导走向企业自主协调;增强大学和科研院所在创新网络的地位和作用;增强官产学创新网络的国际合作;建立良好的网络组织架构,加强它们之间的沟通与协调,促进知识的流动和转移.并在此研究基础上建立了官产学创新网络宏观合作机制模型.     

The impact of small world on patent productivity in China

Based on the patent co-authorship data from State Intellectual Property Office of China, this paper examines the evolution of small world network and its impact on patent productivity in China. Compared with the western countries, the small-world phenomenon of the innovation network in China is becoming more obvious. Empirical result shows that the small world network may only have significant impact on patent productivity in those patent productive provinces, e.g., Beijing and Guangdong that filed larger number of patents. Although the collaborations in the network are more endurable in China than ones in western countries, it may be less efficient in transmitting knowledge because of large ratio of administration oriented state owned enterprises (SOEs). With larger ratio of SOEs, the small world network has longer path length and knowledge thus flows less efficiently in Beijing than in Guangdong. The policy implication of the findings lies in that the Chinese government should let the market rather than the administration determine the collaboration of technological innovation, in order to encourage innovation and establish an effective small world network for speeding up flow of knowledge among different type of firms during the innovative process.