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锂离子电池关键材料的现状与发展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
1锂离子电池正极材料嵌锂化合物正极材料是锂离子电池的重要组成部分。正极材料在锂离子电池中占有较大比例(正负极材料的质量比例为31~41),因此正极材料的性能将很大程度地影响电池的性能,其成本也直接决定电池成本高低。目前正极材料的研究主要集中于氧化锂钴、氧化锂镍等电极材料,与此同时,一些新型正极材料(包括导电高聚物正极材料)的兴起也为锂离子电池正极材料的发展注入了新活力,寻找开发具有高电压、高比容量和良好循环性能的锂离子电池正极材料新体系是本领域重要研究内容。1.1LiCoO2正极材料LiCoO2具有三种物相,即α-NaFeO2… 相似文献
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作为锂离子电池和超级电容器的结合,锂离子电容器由于兼备电池和电容器的优点而受到了广泛关注。然而因其正极双电层电容行为的储能机理,锂离子电容器的能量特性受到了较大的限制。因此,为了从根本上增强锂离子电容器正极材料性能,本研究提出了双离子电容器的储能机理。以柠檬酸钾/镁/铁为原料,合成了兼备石墨质结构与层次化多孔结构的石墨质多孔炭,并以其为正极材料,实现了兼具锂离子电容器正极离子吸附行为与双离子电池正极阴离子插层行为的双离子电容储能。由于石墨质多孔炭结构中石墨质结构在高电位下由阴离子插层反应贡献的额外平台容量以及对于材料导电性的增强,石墨质多孔炭正极材料的能量特性明显超过多孔炭及人造石墨正极,实现了从储能机理的层面的器件性能增强。 相似文献
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锂离子电池磷酸铁锂正极材料的制备及改性研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
橄榄石型磷酸铁锂(LiFePO4)由于安全性能好、循环寿命长、原材料来源广泛、无环境污染等优点被公认为是最具发展潜力的锂离子动力与储能电池正极材料。综述了近年来磷酸铁锂正极材料在制备和改性方面的最新进展。在此基础上,提出了磷酸铁锂正极材料未来的主要研究和发展方向。 相似文献
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Yi-Jie Gu Cui-Song Zeng Hong-Zhi Cui Xiu-Bo Liu Zhi-Ning Yang 《Materials Letters》2007,61(25):4700-4702
LiFePO4 attracts a lot of attention as cathode materials for the next generation of lithium ion batteries. However, LiFePO4 has a poor rate capability attributed to low electronic conductivity and low density. There is seldom data reported on lithium ion batteries with LiFePO4 as cathode and graphite as anode. According to our experimental results, the capacity fading on cycling is surprisingly negligible at 1664 cycles for the cell type 042040. It delivers a capacity of 1170 mAh for 18650 cell type at 4.5C discharge rate. It is confirmed that lithium ion batteries with LiFePO4 as cathode are suitable for electric vehicle application. 相似文献
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A High‐Capacity O2‐Type Li‐Rich Cathode Material with a Single‐Layer Li2MnO3 Superstructure 下载免费PDF全文
Yuxuan Zuo Biao Li Ning Jiang Wangsheng Chu Hao Zhang Ruqiang Zou Dingguo Xia 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(16)
A high capacity cathode is the key to the realization of high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries. The anionic oxygen redox induced by activation of the Li2MnO3 domain has previously afforded an O3‐type layered Li‐rich material used as the cathode for lithium‐ion batteries with a notably high capacity of 250–300 mAh g?1. However, its practical application in lithium‐ion batteries has been limited due to electrodes made from this material suffering severe voltage fading and capacity decay during cycling. Here, it is shown that an O2‐type Li‐rich material with a single‐layer Li2MnO3 superstructure can deliver an extraordinary reversible capacity of 400 mAh g?1 (energy density: ≈1360 Wh kg?1). The activation of a single‐layer Li2MnO3 enables stable anionic oxygen redox reactions and leads to a highly reversible charge–discharge cycle. Understanding the high performance will further the development of high‐capacity cathode materials that utilize anionic oxygen redox processes. 相似文献
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Bo Xu Danna Qian Ziying Wang Ying Shirley Meng 《Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports》2012,73(5-6):51-65
New and improved materials for energy storage are urgently required to make more efficient use of our finite supply of fossil fuels, and to enable the effective use of renewable energy sources. Lithium ion batteries (LIB) are a key resource for mobile energy, and one of the most promising solutions for environment-friendly transportation such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Among the three key components (cathode, anode and electrolyte) of LIB, cathode material is usually the most expensive one with highest weight in the battery, which justifies the intense research focus on this electrode. In this review, we present an overview of the breakthroughs in the past decade in developing high energy high power cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. Materials from six structural groups (layered oxides, spinel oxides, olivine compounds, silicate compounds, tavorite compounds, and borate compounds) are covered. We focus on their electrochemical performances and the related fundamental crystal structures, solid-state physics and chemistry are covered. The effect of modifications on both chemistry and morphology are discussed as well. 相似文献