基于拉曼散射分布式光纤测温系统的理论分析

对分布式光纤测温系统涉及的光时域散射技术与自发拉曼散射进行理论分析,给出拉曼散射的定量描述,论述了斯托克斯拉曼散射光与温度的关系,纠正了斯托克斯光与温度无关的错误认识,统一了理论与实际应用中关于斯托克斯光与温度关系的认识,最后确定了利用反斯托克斯拉曼散射光功率曲线解调瑞利散射光功率曲线的表达式,为分布式光纤测温系统进行温度解调提供参考.     

在DCF光纤中放大的背向自发拉曼散射的增益特性

光脉冲沿色散补偿光纤（DCF）传输会产生背向自发拉曼散射，当入纤激光功率大于阈值时，出现放大的背向自发拉曼散射现象。实验发现，反斯托克斯（ASR）和斯托克斯（SR）自身脉冲光纤拉曼放大的阈值泵浦峰值脉冲功率是18．2W和14．5W．当入纤激光功率为52W时，背向SR和ASR散射的增益分别为12dB和7dB。放大的反斯托克斯和斯托克斯背向自发拉曼散射时域曲线上的阈值时间位置随激发功率的增大而前移并具有规律性。     

分布式拉曼光纤传感技术的研究进展

分布式光纤拉曼测温技术是一种新型的光纤传感技术,具有灵敏度高、可分布式测量和抗电磁干扰强等优点,非常适用于电力系统中输电线路的温度在线监测。本文概述了基于ROTDR和ROFDR技术的分布式光纤传感器的基本原理和发展现状,并综述了分布式光纤拉曼测温技术在输电线路监测中的应用,并以实例证明分布式光纤拉曼测温技术对电缆运行状态的实时在线监测。最后对分布式光纤拉曼测温技术的发展前景进行了展望。     

基于布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感器的进展

目的 介绍了基于布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感器的当前进展及趋势。方法 给出了基于布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感器的原理，介绍了基于光纤时域反射的BOTDR和BOTDA的分布式光纤传感器，以及基于自发布里渊散的同时测试应变和温度分布多光纤传感器，并指出了遇到的问题。结果 使读者详细了解基于布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感器当前进展及发展趋势。结论 基于布里渊散射的分布式光纤传感器继承了分布式光纤传感器的优点，并使测试的范围增大，可测信息种类增多，精度更高。     

远程分布式光纤温度传感系统的设计和制造

为了测量长距离大范围空间分布温度场,设计制造出30km远程光纤温度传感器。基于光纤放大的反斯托克斯背向拉曼自发散射测温原理,对系统进行了优化设计。用1550nm掺铒光纤激光器作为抽运源,采用高速瞬态波形采样技术,累加平均等信号处理技术,解决了远处背向反斯托克斯弱信号的检测问题。采用了智能化恒温技术,使主要元器件在恒温条件下工作,解决了工程应用中环境的适应性。远程分布光纤拉曼温度传感器系统已达到的主要技术指标如下:光纤长度31km,测温范围0-100℃(可扩展),温度测量不确定度为±2℃,温度分辨力为0.1℃,测量时间为432s,空间分辨力为4m。     

中心波长对基于拉曼散射分布式光纤测温系统影响分析

根据基于拉曼散射分布式光纤测温系统原理,详细分析了激光器中心波长与测量点的关系及其对分布式光纤测温系统灵敏度、稳定性等性能的影响,探讨了测温系统中心波长的优化选择.引入了受激拉曼散射阈值并对激光器光功率进行估算,纠正了传统上认为激光器光功率越大越好的认识,为设计分布式光纤测温系统和选择激光器光源时提供参考.     

基于非线性遗传算法的DTS传感模型的参数辨识与优化

基于光纤拉曼散射效应和Monte-Carlo法,建立了一种DTS传感模型。采用非线性遗传算法对该模型的参数进行了辨识,分析了种群规模、进化代数、交叉率、变异率等参数选值对算法运行结果的影响,并选取了最佳参数组合。搭建了分布式光纤温度传感系统实验平台,并运用该DTS传感模型对分布式光纤温度传感系统进行了仿真预测。实验及仿真结果表明:该传感模型在空间分辨力为1 m时,预测误差在0.24%以内;该分布式光纤温度传感系统的测温误差不大于0.40 ℃。     

基于拉曼散射的分布式光纤传感系统真空低温热沉环境温度梯度测量

新型分布式光纤温度传感器具备电类温度传感器所不具有的独特优势，扩展了温度测量在真空低温环境中的应用领域。在真空低温热沉环境下使用分布式光纤温度传感器进行温度梯度测量。传统热电偶温度传感器和分布式光纤温度传感器布置在同一双层铝板结构中，铝板以及传感器放置在真空低温热沉环境中。铝板由加热片进行控温，以实现真空低温热沉环境下不同温度梯度的测量。对两类传感器所测铝板的温度数据进行分析，结果表明，基于拉曼散射原理的分布式光纤温度测量系统能够对真空低温热沉环境下的温度梯度实现精确测量，可以满足低温工况下工件的温度测量。     

真空低温环境下的光纤分布式测温方法

传统的温度测量手段为点式测温,为解决真空环境下温度场分布测量存在的困难,基于激光在光纤中传播的拉曼散射效应和光时域反射技术,搭建分布式光纤拉曼测温系统,实现线式测温;根据空间环境设备内温度场的特点,研究了传感光纤的选用以及敷设方式、光纤穿罐法兰连接方式。通过在空间环境设备内长时间连续的温度测量,结果表明,分布式光纤拉曼测温系统能够长期工作在真空低温环境下,性能稳定,能反映出环境设备热沉上的温度分布状况,测量精度满足工程要求。     

分布式光纤传感温度测试系统性能标定方法

正一、引言分布式光纤温度传感系统是一种用于实时测量空间温度场分布的传感系统,实质上是分布光纤拉曼(Raman)光子传感器(DOFRPS)系统,它是近年来发展起来的一种用于实时测量空间温度场的光纤传感系统。本文拟在简要阐述分布式光纤监测技术和分布式光纤温度监测技术及其校准原理的基础上,对分布式光纤传感温度测试系统性能标定方法进行介绍,为该系统在工程结构监测中的应用提供借鉴。     

分布光纤Raman光子温度传感器(DOFRPTS)系统的信号和噪声分析

在DOFRPTS系统中，自发反斯托克斯Raman散射光子是温度信息的载体．Rayligh散射光子是压力、应力信息的载体，在2公里长光纤上，实时采样1000个点．可同时测量空间温度场的分布和空间力场的分布．系统中分别采用Rayleigh散射OTDR技术和Raman散射OTDR技术．对所测点进行定位．本文对DOFRPTS系统中的信号、噪声进行了分析，测温精度由系统的信噪比来确定，本系统的测温精度达±1℃．     

Performance comparison of Raman/erbium-doped-fiber hybrid-amplification-based long-distance fiber Bragg grating sensor systems

A study regarding the performance comparison of three different types of long-distance fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors based on bidirectional Raman and erbium-doped fiber (EDF) amplification has been carried out to determine the most power-efficient and accurate configuration. The three sensor system configurations studied were a bidirectional hybrid Raman amplifier with (Type I) an EDF located after the distributed Raman amplification section, (Type II) an EDF located before the distributed Raman amplification section, and (Type III) without an EDF. The FBG sensor systems are based on a demodulation scheme employing radio frequency power measurements of a beat signal, in which a sine-modulated amplified spontaneous emission from a directly modulated reflective semiconductor optical amplifier is employed as a broadband light source. The results of our experimentation showed that the sensor system with the EDF located prior to the Raman amplification section provided the best performance in regards to its pump power efficiency, electrical signal-to-noise ratio, and measurement accuracy.     

Distributed fiber temperature and strain sensor using coherent radio-frequency detection of spontaneous Brillouin scattering

A novel technique that enables coherent detection of spontaneous Brillouin scattering in the radio-frequency (<500 MHz) region with excellent long-term stability has been demonstrated for distributed measurements of temperature and strain in long fiber. An actively stabilized single-frequency Brillouin fiber laser with extremely low phase noise and intensity noise is used as a well-defined, frequency-shifted local oscillator for the heterodyne detection, yielding measurements of spontaneous Brillouin scattering with high frequency stability. Based on this approach, a highly stable real-time fiber sensor for distributed measurements of both temperature and strain over long fiber has been developed utilizing advanced digital signal processing techniques.     

High-resolution distributed temperature sensing with the multiphoton-timing technique

We report on a multiphoton-timing distributed temperature sensor (DTS) based on the concept of distributed anti-Stokes Raman thermometry. The sensor combines the advantage of very high spatial resolution (40 cm) with moderate measurement times. In 5 min it is possible to determine the temperature of as many as 4000 points along an optical fiber with an accuracy Δ T < 2 °C. The new feature of the DTS system is the combination of a fast single-photon avalanche diode with specially designed real-time signal-processing electronics. We discuss various parameters that affect the operation of analog and photon-timing DTS systems. Particular emphasis is put on the consequences of the nonideal behavior of sensor components and the corresponding correction procedures.     

分布式光纤拉曼放大器研制的进展

对分布式光纤拉曼放大器研究的历史、基本原理、优化设计以及现状和进展进行了讨论.对S波段的色散补偿型分布式光纤拉曼放大器以及采用光纤拉曼激光器作为抽运源,在前向抽运和后向抽运条件下,对5kmDCF-50kmG652光纤色散补偿型分布式光纤拉曼放大器增益光谱和噪声谱进行了研究.设计和制作了光纤光栅的增益平坦滤波器,取得了较好的增益平坦效果.FRA-1型分布式光纤拉曼放大器在校园网进行了应用试验,取得了较好的试验效果.     

Brillouin-Based Distributed Temperature Sensor Employing Pulse Coding

A distributed temperature sensor based on spontaneous Brillouin scattering and employing optical pulse coding has been implemented and characterized using a direct-detection receiver. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement provided by coding is analyzed, along with the influence of coding in stimulated Brillouin threshold. Simplex-coding using 127 bit codeword provides up to 7 dB SNR improvement, allowing for temperature sensing over 21 km of dispersion shifted fiber with 3.1 K resolution and 40 m spatial resolution, permitting to avoid the use of optical pulse amplification.     

Orthorhombic (LiNbGeO5): efficient stimulated Raman scattering and tunable near-infrared laser emission from chromium doping

The structural, optical, spectroscopic, and laser properties of pure and chromium-doped lithium–niobium germanate (LiNbGeO₅) single crystals are discussed in this paper. Efficient stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), investigated with the one-micron fundamental and second harmonic wave of a picosecond Nd³⁺:Y₃Al₅O₁₂ laser, reveals the potential of this new cubic non-linear susceptible (χ⁽³⁾) optical material for realizing effective solid state Raman shifters. The data are analyzed and compared with spectroscopic data from spontaneous Raman scattering. Pulsed tunable laser action of chromium-doped LiNbGeO₅ crystals was demonstrated in the spectral range between 1.3 and 1.52 μm at cryogenic temperature and around 1.4 μm at room temperature. Due to its excellent crystalline and optical properties, LiNbGeO₅ is a promising material for tunable near-infrared lasers with integrated frequency converters.     

提高分布光纤温度传感器系统稳定性的方法

简要介绍了分布式光纤温度传感器系统的工作原理 ,分析了引起系统不稳定的主要因素 ,提出了提高系统稳定性的方法 ,最后比较了提高系统稳定性的几种方法的效果 .