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本文在分数阶Fourier变换原理的基础上,提出了一种基于分数阶傅里叶变换的线性调频(LFM)信号的滤波方法,利用该变换等同于对信号在时频平面进行旋转,将混迭有噪声的信号以特定的旋转角作分数阶傅里叶变换,使得信号与噪声在变换域中的交迭达到最小:然后通过窄带通滤波器对LFM信号进行抽取,再经过分数阶傅里叶反变换,恢复出原信号。 相似文献
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发动机变速阶段振动信号时频分析阶比跟踪研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
发动机变速过程产生的振动复杂多样,具有周期性和频率倍增等特点。阶比跟踪是一种用于旋转类机械系统动态设计、故障诊断和状态监测的重要方法。阐述了阶比跟踪的国内外发展及技术情况。G abor变换是一种可逆的联合时频变换,通过研究G abor变换及满足信号时域重构的对偶函数双正交条件,采用在时频域进行带通滤波的方法来进行阶比跟踪,能够得到各阶比成分的时域重构信号。克服了采用传统等角度重采样后进行傅立叶变换方法不能在时域内提取阶比信号的不足。 相似文献
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通过对旋转机械变速运行工况的齿轮箱振动分析研究,提出一种基于谱峭度的滚动轴承故障包络阶比跟踪分析方法。该方法利用旋转机械运行过程中滚动轴承故障引起的冲击性振动会激起其周围结构共振的原理,应用谱峭度方法自适应地确定优化的共振解调带通滤波中心频率和滤波带宽,进而通过共振解调算法获得包含轴承故障初始阶段振动特征的包络信号,再将变速工况下的非平稳包络信号通过等角度重采样转化为角度域的准平稳信号,进而获得消除了频率模糊的阶比谱,实现对旋转机械变速运行工况下的滚动轴承故障诊断。仿真和测试试验结果验证了本方法的有效性。 相似文献
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《振动与冲击》2015,(11)
针对齿轮故障信号分析,提出采用分数阶时频LBP谱表达齿轮故障信号的时频特征。首先为克服S变换对高频信号的时频分辨性能差的不足,基于分数阶Fourier变换良好的时频旋转特性设计了一种分数阶S变换,用于获取齿轮信号的二维时频表示;然后引入局部二值模式(LBP)算子,将LBP算子作用于分数阶S变换时频图,提取分数阶时频LBP谱;最后结合"uniform"模式LBP的概念和类内类间距准则,对分数阶时频局部二值模式谱进行特征优选,用于表达齿轮故障特征。对5种不同状态的齿轮信号进行了分析,结果表明优选后的分数阶时频LBP谱具有较强的特征描述能力,是齿轮故障信号的一类新的有效特征参数。 相似文献
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将编码激励技术应用到医学超声成像系统中,选择和设计合适的发射编码和脉冲压缩方法非常重要.文中提出采用加Tukey窗的Chirp信号作为发射脉冲,同时采用分数阶傅立叶变换的进行脉冲压缩的编码激励方法.将该方法与传统方法进行了比较研究,实验结果表明:文章提出的基于分数阶傅立叶变换的编码激励方法在先验性方面优于传统方法. 相似文献
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分数阶Fourier变换作为传统Fourier变换的推广,与传统Fourier变换分析平稳信号类似,在实现对非平稳信号的时频分析过程中往往出现同样的频谱泄漏问题。为了提高分数阶Fourier变换与时频分析的精度,依据Kaiser窗可自由选择主瓣和旁瓣宽度的特性,提出一种基于Kaiser窗的分数阶Fourier变换算法,论述了Kaiser窗在分数阶Fourier变换中的作用原理,从理论上推导出一般信号基于Kaiser窗的分数阶Fourier变换解析时频表达式以及特性,最终得到非平稳信号的时频分布与时变结构参数识别算法。通过任意线性调频信号的仿真算例以及非平稳激励三层框架结构振动台试验,对结构进行瞬时频率识别和算法的验证。结果表明,瞬时频率识别值与理论值和试验结果吻合良好,Kaiser窗可以提高分数阶Fourier变换算法时频分析的精度,体现出该方法有一定的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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基于阶次包络谱的轴承故障诊断研究 总被引:2,自引:7,他引:2
研究旋转机械在变速过程中振动信号的分析方法。在利用B&K3560多分析仪对齿轮箱加速时测得的振动信号进行时域采样的基础上,利用样条插值算法进行角域重采样得到等角度分布的采样点,并对其进行阶次跟踪分析,在此基础上利用Hilbert包络解调得到轴承故障信息的阶次包络谱。结果显示阶次包络谱分析法在处理轴承转速变化信号的优越性:能够有效地避免传统频谱方法所无法解决的“频率模糊”现象,对轴承的早期故障有一定的识别能力。该方法是对传统的频谱分析法的有力补充,具有很广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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Natural variations of pressure, density, and velocity occur in streaming fluid modulated ultrasonic signals. The characteristics of modulated ultrasonic signals in gas flow are strongly dependent on velocity. This paper describes a way to find a velocity-dependent characteristic quality detected in the modulated signal and to determine the flow rate on the basis of signal analysis of only one ultrasonic barrier. 相似文献
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Ultrasonic measurement of gas flow velocity using cross-correlation functions motivated an intensive investigation of complex modulated signals. The ultrasound signal is modulated in amplitude and also in phase by various physical effects. This paper describes signal demodulation by undersampling and subsequent separation of amplitude and phase modulated parts by the Hilbert-transform. Cross-correlation functions applied to the phase-modulated signal component produce well-defined measurements of flow velocity. 相似文献
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Victor Hugo C. de Albuquerque Tadeu Antonio de A. Melo Danniel Ferreira de Oliveira Rodinei Medeiros Gomes João Manuel R.S. Tavares 《Materials & Design》2010
This work carried out a non-destructive evaluation of grain size influence on the mechanical properties of a CuAlBe shape memory alloy with and without grain refiners. Ultrasonic signal processing, considering only the longitudinal velocity, was used for the non-destructive evaluation. Therefore, the average modulus of elasticity values found for the CuAlBe shape memory alloy was 45.7 GPa and 57.3 GPa with and without grain refiners, respectively. The corresponding values obtained by conventional mechanical tensile testing were equal to 43.2 GPa and 52.6 GPa, respectively. Additionally the mechanical tensile testing verified that the addition of grain refiners increases the stress of the alloy but has a slight effect on the alloy’s ductility. Thus, the modulus of elasticity and consequently the ultrasonic velocity, as well as the stress and strain values of CuAlBe alloy are fully dependent on its grain size. The ultrasonic analysis shows that this alloy is an excellent sound, vibration and mechanical wave absorber, presenting a high attenuation coefficient related to the wave scattering through the grains. In addition, the ultrasonic signal processing method used here confirms its main advantages of fastness and reliability. 相似文献
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A scheme for distance and velocity signal detection is implemented. This technique is based on a laser diode with its frequency modulated by a triangular waveform and followed by time gating. 相似文献
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硅微声光传感器是一种由硅微列阵簧片和光纤组合成的新型传感器,这种传感器在完成声光转换的同时对声频信号进行了并行滤波处理,可用作神经网络的并行输入,是一种光机电一体化的传感系统。本文中叙述通过纤反射强度调制技术检测硅簧片振动信号的方法;通过实验研究,完成了对声光调制信号的探测和预处理,并给出了实测数据及其分析。为实现音频编码和振动信号的实时分析,本文中还给出了采用人工神经网络对阵列传感器的输出信号进 相似文献
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Ultrasound-modulated optical tomography of absorbing objects buried in dense tissue-simulating turbid media 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Continuous-wave ultrasonic modulation of scattered laser light was used to image objects buried in tissue-simulating turbid media. The buried object had an absorption coefficient greater than the background turbid medium. The ultrasonic wave that was focused into the turbid media modulated the laser light that passed through the ultrasonic field. The modulated laser light that was collected by a photomultiplier tube reflected the local mechanical and optical properties in the zone of ultrasonic modulation. Objects buried in the middle plane of 5-cm-thick dense turbid media were imaged with millimeter resolution through the scanning and detecting alterations of the ultrasound-modulated optical signal. The optical properties of the dense turbid media included an absorption coefficient of 0.1 cm(-1) and a reduced scattering coefficient of 10 cm(-1) and were comparable with those of biological tissues in the visible and near-IR ranges. The dependence of the ultrasound-modulated optical signal on the off-axis distance of the detector from the optic axis and the area of the detector was studied as well. 相似文献
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连续超声波束遇到振动物体表面会产生多普勒效应,反射超声波信号是受振动信号调制的非线性调相信号。对反射波信号求导获得调幅调频信号,再采用能量算子对称差分法,求取该调幅调频信号的瞬时幅值及瞬时频率。鉴于超声波反射回波信号存在幅值衰减现象,而超声波频率不易受外界干扰,故通过调幅调频信号的瞬时频率提取被测物体的振动速度,并由振动速度求导得到振动加速度。同时,从幅值及频率两个方面探讨振动测量范围。仿真及实验结果表明:基于能量算子的超声波测振信号解调方法能有效地提取振动信号,与传统的相位解调方法相比,具有更大的测量范围。 相似文献