基于光学光刻技术的PDMS微纳敏感结构薄膜加工工艺研究北大核心CSCD

利用光学光刻技术进行多种形状规格聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)微纳敏感结构的并行加工。研究了基于光学光刻技术的PDMS微纳敏感结构薄膜加工工艺,并加工出不同形状、、不同大小的PDMS微纳敏感结构。此外,对加工后的PDMS微纳敏感结构薄膜进行表征,观察了不同形状、不同大小的PDMS微纳敏感结构的形貌特征。结果表明:基于光学光刻技术的PDMS微纳敏感结构薄膜加工工艺具有加工效率高,加工过程中不需要刻蚀、激光加工等复杂工艺和昂贵设备的特点,并且实现了大批量PDMS微纳敏感结构的并行加工。同时,掩模板上的微纳图案较好地转移到PDMS薄膜上,具有较好的图案曝光成像和图形转移效果。此外,制备的PDMS微纳敏感结构形状较规则、排列整齐,并且不同形状,不同大小的PDMS微纳敏感结构都具有高度一致性较好,侧面轮廓分明,侧壁角接近90°的特征。     

基于光学光刻技术的PDMS微纳敏感结构薄膜加工工艺研究

利用光学光刻技术进行多种形状规格聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)微纳敏感结构的并行加工。研究了基于光学光刻技术的PDMS微纳敏感结构薄膜加工工艺,并加工出不同形状、、不同大小的PDMS微纳敏感结构。此外,对加工后的PDMS微纳敏感结构薄膜进行表征,观察了不同形状、不同大小的PDMS微纳敏感结构的形貌特征。结果表明:基于光学光刻技术的PDMS微纳敏感结构薄膜加工工艺具有加工效率高,加工过程中不需要刻蚀、激光加工等复杂工艺和昂贵设备的特点,并且实现了大批量PDMS微纳敏感结构的并行加工。同时,掩模板上的微纳图案较好地转移到PDMS薄膜上,具有较好的图案曝光成像和图形转移效果。此外,制备的PDMS微纳敏感结构形状较规则、排列整齐,并且不同形状,不同大小的PDMS微纳敏感结构都具有高度一致性较好,侧面轮廓分明,侧壁角接近90°的特征。     

新型网状通道微流控细胞培养芯片设计与制作

微流控芯片能为细胞的体外培养提供良好的生长微环境.设计制作了一系列具有网状微通道网络的细胞培养微流控芯片,为细胞体外培养提供了稳定的流体环境.该芯片由网状微通道网络和处于网状通道节点处的培养腔室组成.芯片整体结构呈对称分布,外部流体在驱动力的作用下进入微通道网络,经过多条微通道进入培养池.培养池周围微通道具有"多入多出"的特点,在很大程度上提高了培养池内流场的稳定性.同时研究了芯片微通道网络的网状程度、培养腔数量对培养池内流场的影响.结果表明:处于网状微通道网络上的培养池内流场均一稳定,能为细胞体外培养提供近体微环境.     

稳定微环境微流控细胞培养芯片的设计与制备

为了解决细胞体外培养微环境不稳定的问题,利用微流控技术设计并成功制备出了具有稳定微环境的细胞培养芯片.该芯片在主流道中设置了四边形培养腔结构,细胞培养腔周围设计了狭缝宽度小于细胞尺寸的微柱阵列.细胞培养腔周围的狭缝形成了多个输运通道,微流体以对流扩散的方式通过微柱阵列之间的多个通道同时进出培养腔,为细胞及时地供给营养物质和移除废液.利用COMSOL Multiphysics软件对该结构和传统单通道结构模型培养腔内微流体的速度场和压力场进行了仿真分析,并采用粒子图像测速法测量了该结构培养腔内微流体的平均速度.结果表明:该芯片培养腔内微流体的速度稳定且分布均匀,并能有效抵抗外部扰动.     

PDMS微/毫流控芯片的简易快速制备及其疏水性研究

将玻璃片/管、锡箔等材料进行组装、通道搭建制备出带有管路图案的容器,再将聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)预聚体浇注到该容器中固化成型,之后通过模具拆卸、切割制备出整体式PDMS微/毫流控芯片.该法可获取各种微通道尺寸保真性好的整体式芯片,其通道截面圆形度与由热压法制备的微流控芯片相比有明显提高.另将获得的PDMS芯片经过30 min紫外改性后,其疏水性得到明显改善,与H2O的接触角由钝角变为了锐角,并在室温下静置能维持1 h左右的改性,完全能够满足液滴成型实验的时间要求.另外将该法制备的PDMS整体式芯片用于单分散液滴、双重液滴制备时,可在较宽的流速范围(4 mL/h~36 mL/h)内得到粒径可控的液滴,并且液滴在芯片通道中不易破乳,表现出良好的稳定性.这对于靶球制备、功能材料合成、活性成分保持等应用有重要意义.     

不可逆封合微流控芯片中高活性蛋白质阵列的制备

保持生物分子的高活性是在不可逆封合微流控芯片中构筑微阵列芯片的关键问题.首先,利用MEMS技术和表面修饰方法制作了一种聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)/玻璃芯片.应用光刻技术制作了PDMS盖片上的通道,同时用光刻剥离技术制作了玻璃基片上的金膜图案.进而,使用双官能团修饰剂3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅氧烷(APTMS)在玻璃基体和金膜图案上进行选择性表面修饰以吸附形成蛋白质阵列,并在其上覆盖一层水溶性聚乙烯醇(PVA)来保护蛋白质,既可避免其在加热处理过程中的高温伤害,又能防止在PDMS盖片与玻璃基片进行不可逆封合过程中的氧等离子体轰击造成的活性伤害.然后,通入水溶液冲洗除去PVA膜.使用荧光显微镜和原子力显微镜(AFM)考察蛋白质阵列质量,并结合免疫反应实验和细胞捕获固定实验评估蛋白质阵列的活性.结果表明,使用该方法可在不可逆封合的微流控芯片制作中构筑具有直径为200μm的高分辨率蛋白质阵列图案,蛋白质保持高的免疫活性,且可用于固定Hela细胞.     

不同压力差下微通道尺寸和表面粗糙度对摩擦系数的影响

该文数值模拟液体在圆形和梯形截面微通道内的流动,分析了层流和湍流下液体在微圆管内的流动状态。着重研究不同压力差、微通道尺寸和表面粗糙度下,液体在微通道内的流动摩擦系数,并通过摩擦系数随雷诺数的变化曲线推断微通道流动转捩的雷诺数范围。研究表明:微通道中流动的摩擦系数随雷诺数的增大逐渐减小;通道截面的当量直径会改变过渡状态存在的雷诺数范围;粗糙度会影响湍流状态下流动的摩擦系数,相同雷诺数下,粗糙度越大,摩擦系数越大。     

PDMS表面修饰方法的研究进展

聚二甲基硅氧烷(Polydimethylsiloxane,PDMS)由于具有良好的光学和化学性能,以及加工简单、价格便宜等优点,已广泛应用于微流控芯片研究领域.但PDMS的高疏水性以及它对如DNA、蛋白质等生物大分子具有较强的表面吸附特性,限制了它的应用范围.目前,基本上都是通过修饰的方法来改善PDMS表面亲水性能.按照PDMS经处理后恢复疏水性的时间长短,将PDMS表面修饰的方法分为暂时性修饰方法和永久性修饰方法;也可以按照对PDMS处理的原理分为物理修饰方法、化学修饰方法以及将两者相结合使用的方法.总之,各种方法都有很广泛的应用,实际处理时,仍要考虑到实验条件等因素的限制.概述了目前常用的几种针对PDMS表面修饰的方法,包括它们的基本原理、修饰效果以及相关应用研究.     

热流逸效应下不同截面形状微通道的流导特性分析北大核心CSCD

热流逸真空泵利用其内部微通道结构产生的热流逸效应来工作,故其本身也存在流导。本文建立了几种典型截面形状长微通道和短微通道的流导计算模型,进而分析了流导随努森数、温差及微通道特征尺寸变化的规律。结果表明,微通道在过渡流区域的流导比在自由分子流区域的大2~4个数量级;短微通道的流导性能优异长微通道的;绝大多数情况下,截面形状的对称性越强则其流导性能越好;在自由分子流区域,截面形状对流导的影响不大,但在过渡流区域,不同截面形状的流导差异显著。可见,应尽可能将热流逸真空泵设计在过渡流区域工作,且应优先采用截面形状对称性强的短微通道结构,但需要综合考虑努森数、温差和微通道特征尺寸之间的相互协同与制约。     

热流逸效应下不同截面形状微通道的流导特性分析

热流逸真空泵利用其内部微通道结构产生的热流逸效应来工作,故其本身也存在流导。本文建立了几种典型截面形状长微通道和短微通道的流导计算模型,进而分析了流导随努森数、温差及微通道特征尺寸变化的规律。结果表明,微通道在过渡流区域的流导比在自由分子流区域的大2～4个数量级;短微通道的流导性能优异长微通道的;绝大多数情况下,截面形状的对称性越强则其流导性能越好;在自由分子流区域,截面形状对流导的影响不大,但在过渡流区域,不同截面形状的流导差异显著。可见,应尽可能将热流逸真空泵设计在过渡流区域工作,且应优先采用截面形状对称性强的短微通道结构,但需要综合考虑努森数、温差和微通道特征尺寸之间的相互协同与制约。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.