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1.
广义塑性力学及其运用   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3  
分析了经典塑性力学用于岩土类材料的问题,它采用了3个不符合岩土材料变形机制的假设。从固体力学原理直接导出广义塑性位势理论,将经典塑性力学改造为更一般的塑性力学——广义塑性力学。广义塑性力学采用了塑性力学中的分量理论,能反映应力路径转折的影响,并避免了采用正交流动法则所引起的过大剪胀等不合理现象,也不会产生当前非关联流动法则中任意假定塑性势面引起的误差。给出了广义塑性力学的屈服面理论、硬化定律和应力-应变关系,并建立了考虑应力主轴旋转的广义塑性位势理论。屈服条件是状态参数,也是试验参数,只能由试验给出。应用  相似文献   

2.
考虑中间主应力和剪胀特性的深埋圆巷弹塑性应力位移解   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
平面应变条件下的深埋圆形巷道问题一般忽略中间主应力的影响,但这会与塑性区围岩的实际情况产生较大差异。为了充分考虑中间主应力对深埋圆形巷道的影响,基于平面应变假设与非关联流动法则将Mohr-Coulomb准则精确匹配为Drucker-Prager准则,在此基础上推导了考虑剪胀特性的理想弹塑性材料在塑性阶段的中间主应力表达式,中间主应力与剪胀角密切相关;根据所得的中间主应力表达式结合非关联流动法则,不引入任何假设,得出深埋圆巷塑性区由于剪胀角而发生体变的关系式;进一步推导了考虑中间主应力和剪胀特性的深埋圆形巷道塑性区应力位移解析式,其中径向应力、切向应力及塑性区半径的表达式与卡斯特奈(Kastner)解完全一致,但卡斯特奈(Kastner)解无法得出中间主应力,而新的位移解析式则与以往的文献完全不同;经与以往文献的位移理论解比较分析知,新的位移解答更加合理。因此考虑中间主应力和剪胀特性的解答为深埋圆形巷道的计算与设计提供一定的理论基础。  相似文献   

3.
在分析了变形体和模具的接触特点和接触面金属的流动应力与应变特点的基础上,在考虑接触摩擦为最大剪应力K的情况下,绘制出接触面的滑移线场,应用滑移线理论求解出接触金属进入塑性区的极限载荷,并以此为标准来判断接触金属是否进入塑性区.  相似文献   

4.
考虑非关联流动法则以及各向同性硬化条件,采用广义中点法(Generalized Midpoint Method,GMM)进行Drucker-Prager(DP)弹塑性本构关系数值积分,给出调整后最终应力的解析解。GMM属于隐式算法,具有良好的计算精度与数值稳定性;最近点投影法(Closest Point Project Method,CPPM)是其特例,具有一阶精度并且无条件稳定。DP塑性势函数的特殊性质导致上述GMM解由初始应力状态与应变增量显式确定,无需迭代求解,因此计算效率大幅提高,同时避免了迭代过程的收敛性问题。数值算例证明:当加载偏离角度较大时,GMM(ξ=1/2)的计算精度高于CPPM,可适应更大的加载步长;而对于比例加载,任意GMM等同于精确解,采用CPPM可获得最高的计算效率。推导了满足DP屈服准则厚壁圆筒的弹塑性理论解,对比验证算法精度。采用非关联流动各向同性线性硬化DP材料模拟厚壁圆筒变形局部化效应。  相似文献   

5.
应用统一强度理论和统一平面应变滑移线场理论对路基的极限荷载进行了分析,得到了统一滑移线解,此结果考虑了材料的拉压异性和中间主应力的效应,对于岩土类材料有很好的适用性。同时用大型有限元软件Ansys进行了数值分析并与统一滑移线场的计算结果进行了比较,二者接近,证明了统一平面应变滑移线场理论能较真实地反应岩土结构的受力情况,说明用统一强度理论求解路基极限荷载是可行的。  相似文献   

6.
基于热力学定律的混凝土本构模型研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
冷飞  林皋  杜荣强 《工程力学》2008,25(2):144-147,167
由热力学定律出发,介绍了耗散函数的形式,给出了建立混凝土本构模型的方法和过程,并对参数的确定进行了讨论,得到了基于热力学原理的混凝土多轴本构关系和真实应力空间中的屈服准则、破坏准则及塑性流动法则。由此方法建立本构模型,引入假定较少,避免了假设"塑性势函数"的做法,得到的结果自动符合热力学原理,具有一定的普遍性。算例表明,该模型计算结果与试验结果符合较好。  相似文献   

7.
滑移线法作为一种求解塑性成形应力状态的常用方法而被广泛应用.而在板材弯曲中一般采用主应力法求解变形区的应力状态.通过对板料弯曲变形区应力分析,根据滑移线理论,推导出了变形区的应力分布规律,与主应力法求解的结果相同.  相似文献   

8.
基于宏观熔体流动的基本理论及其流动过程中壁面滑移机理的分析,针对微注塑成型模具中熔体充模流动时的壁面滑移行为,建立了微小通道中高聚物熔体流动的壁面滑移理论模型。并用数值模拟方法,对不同滑移系数时微小通道中熔体的壁面滑移对流动速度、熔体压力等的影响进行了研究。结果表明,微小通道中的壁面滑移可使壁面处熔体的流动速度增加,压力损失减小,有利于熔体的充模流动。  相似文献   

9.
目的研究基于滑移线场的闭挤式精冲主冲力计算,为后续的仿真模拟提供理论基础。方法根据闭挤式精冲的成形特点,建立闭挤式精冲坯料变形区的力学模型,通过处理刚塑性体平面应变问题的方法,利用滑移线理论建立闭挤式精冲的滑移线场,通过该滑移线场的建立计算冲裁过程中的主冲裁力。结果滑移线法计算出的结果,并通过精冲实验进行了验证,实验得到冲裁力的大小与滑移线法所计算出的冲裁力相差0.8%,经过分析,认为误差的存在主要由摩擦力的忽略及材料被视为刚塑性材料所致。结论滑移线法计算冲裁力是比较适用的,为闭挤式精冲的工艺参数提供了较为精确的计算方法。  相似文献   

10.
建立了拉压模量不同及应变软化特性材料的柱形孔扩张理论。对于岩土类材料,提出用a及b分别作为拉压模量不同和软化特征的控制参数,运用不同模量弹性理论及应力跌落软化模型推导了Tresca和Mohr-Coulomb材料柱形圆孔扩张问题的应力及位移解。分析了不同模量及软化特性材料对柱形孔扩张的影响,结果表明:圆孔极限扩张压力,塑性区的发展规律,应力场,位移场等均随着模量参数a和软化系数b的变化而变化,因此若采用经典的弹性理论及传统的不考虑应变软化来对岩土类的工程材料进行设计计算,必会带来较大的误差。  相似文献   

11.
At present, associated flow rule of traditional plastic theory is adopted in the slip line field theory and upper bound method of geotechnical materials. So the stress characteristic line conforms to the velocity line. It is proved that geotechnical materials do not abide by the associated flow rule. It is impossible for the stress characteristic line to conform to the velocity line. Generalized plastic mechanics theoretically proved that plastic potential surface intersects the M-C yield surface with an angle, so that the velocity line must be studied by non-associated flow rule. According to limit analysis theory, the theory of slip line field is put forward in this paper, and then the ultimate bearing capacity of strip footing is obtained based on associated flow rule and the non-associated flow rule individually. These two results are identical since the ultimate bearing capacity is independent of flow rule. On the contrary, the velocity fields of associated and non-associated flow are different which shows the velocity field based on the associated flow rule is incorrect.  相似文献   

12.
公司创新势在必行,这主要取决于信息流自动化,例如计算机集成的能力。其成功应用的关键是使员工具备合格条件和适应新的要求,以及继续培训。换言之,人员的素质和主动性,并对此作及早考虑是非常重要的。有鉴于此,建立了使公司得以成功的10条准则。  相似文献   

13.
五种本构模型在钢管混凝土有限元中的比较   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
采用Von Mises、Mohr Coulomb和Drucker Prager三种经典模型、以及两种适用于混凝土材料的Smeared Cracking模型和Damaged Plasticity模型,分别对带约束拉杆和无约束拉杆的方形、矩形钢管混凝土短柱轴压承载力进行有限元分析,简述每种本构模型的特点,并与已有的47个钢管混凝土短柱轴压试验结果对比。结果表明与静水压力无关且忽略混凝土塑性体积膨胀的VonMises模型无法考虑钢管对混凝土的约束作用以及约束拉杆的作用,采用相关流动法则而低估了塑性体积膨胀的Smeared Cracking模型分析结果略低于试验结果,其他三种考虑静水压力并采用不相关流动法则的模型更符合试验结果,而且三者计算结果很接近。  相似文献   

14.
ABSTRACT

A thermo-visco-plasticity model, recently developed based on a microinertia driven dynamic flow rule, is exploited to account for damage due to fracture. This is accomplished by adjoining the equations for thermo-visco-plasticity, herein discretized through the smooth particle hydrodynamics (SPH), with a “pseudospring” based discrete damage model. In treating ductile fractures, this coupled material model accounts for the inertia associated with moving microstructural defects and time lags for the dissipative fluxes to attain the steady state. In this approach, while the microinertia-driven flow rule provides a vehicle to evolve plastic strain, pseudosprings are exploited to treat material damage and the resulting reduced force transfer. The current scheme does not necessitate the introduction of a yield or damage surface in evolving the plastic-strain/damage parameters, and thus the numerical implementation avoids a computationally intensive return mapping. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed model through SPH-based numerical simulations and also undertake a validation exercise against experimental observations from gas-gun penetration tests on an 8-mm thick Weldox 460 E steel plate.  相似文献   

15.
以NP-难的最小化时间表长为目标的混合流水车间调度问题为研究对象。把工件在第1阶段开始加工的排序问题转化为旅行商问题,采用蚁群系统求得初始排序;在第1阶段后各阶段采用工件先到先服务规则选择工件、最先空闲机器优先规则选择机器以构建初始工件的机器指派与排序;充分利用已知的机器布局和工件加工时间特点,确定工件加工瓶颈阶段,并以此为基础对工件的机器指派与排序进行改进。用Carlier和Neron设计的Bench-mark算例仿真后与著名的NEH算法比较,表明这种算法是有效的。  相似文献   

16.
The combined finite-discrete element method (FDEM) was originally developed for fracture and fragmentation of brittle materials, more specifically for cementitious and rock-like materials. In this work, a combination of a discrete crack and plastic deformation has been combined and applied to FDEM simulation of fracture. The deformation is described using a FDEM-specific mechanistic approach with plastic deformation being formulated in material embedded coordinate systems leading to multiplicative decomposition and plastic flow, that is, resolved in stretch space; this is combined with the FDEM fracture and fragmentation criteria. The result and main novelty of the present work is a robust framework for simulation of large strain solid deformation combined with a multiplicative decomposition-based model that simultaneously involves elasticity, plasticity, and fracture.  相似文献   

17.
Finding a minimum flow time cyclic schedule for a single, multistage job with a serial, re-entrant routing is known to be NP-hard. This paper addresses the problem of scheduling multiple, non-identical jobs in a cyclic fashion, where the job routings may be arbitrary partial orders as well as re-entrant. Given a fixed cycle length, our goal is to minimize a weighted sum of the job flow times. We present a general schedule construction algorithm for implementing a cyclic version of priority dispatch rules that accepts any user-defined tie-breaking function and naturally yields a feasible cyclic schedule. We also describe a pair of easily solvable subproblems that may be used to tighten existing cyclic schedules, as well as an iterative schedule improvement algorithm based on a technique called compression. A numerical study suggests that our schedule construction algorithm, called Cyclic PDR, outperforms its traditional noncyclic priority dispatch rule counterpart, as well as a previously proposed single-pass algorithm. The Cyclic PDR algorithm is shown to be particularly effective when used in conjunction with a least work remaining tie-breaking function. Taken together, our schedule construction and improvement techniques provide an effective solution approach for producing minimum flow time cyclic schedules.  相似文献   

18.
The evolution of plastic deformations in metals, governed by incompressible flow rules, has been traditionally solved using the exponential mapping. However, the accurate calculation of the exponential mapping and its tangents may result in computationally demanding schemes in some cases, while common low‐order approximations may lead to poor behavior of the constitutive update because of violation of the incompressibility condition. Here, we introduce the special‐linear (SL) update for isochoric plasticity, a flow‐rule integration scheme based on differential manifolds concepts. The proposed update exactly enforces the plastic incompressibility condition while being first‐order accurate and consistent with the flow rule, thus bearing all the desirable properties of the now standard exponential mapping update. In contrast to the exponential‐mapping update, we demonstrate that the SL update can drastically reduce the computing time, reaching one order of magnitude speed‐ups in the calculation of the update tangents. We demonstrate the applicability of the update by way of simulation of single‐crystal plasticity uniaxial loading tests. We anticipate that the SL update will open the way to efficient constitutive updates for the solution of complex multiscale material models, thus making it a very promising tool for large‐scale simulations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

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