RGB|CMY动态装置

正由德国知名新媒介装置与空间设计机构ART+COM Studios打造的RGB|CMY动态装置是一个悬浮的雕塑与光和音乐的编舞,为参观者带来了色彩、律动和声音的诗意体验。通过精心编排,五个在空中漂浮的圆盘形镜子被红、绿、蓝(RGB)三原色灯照亮,光盘反射光线并将彩色阴影投射到地板的屏幕上,随着三原色的叠加和减少,地面产生了彩色的椭圆;而在RGB颜色重合的地方,地板上则产生了一圈     

对光谱三刺激值概念的理解

对CIE－RGB光谱三刺激值数据进行分析，确定它与三原色单位量及明视觉光谱光视效率函数之间的关系，从而对CIE－XYZ光谱三刺激值的意义进行解释。     

彩色片的构造及成色原理

一、多层彩色片的构造现代的彩色摄影方法,以三原色视觉理论为基础。此理论认为,将红、绿、蓝三原色光按不同的比例混合,可以获得各种颜色;同时,也可以将一般物体的颜色分解为各种不同比例的红、绿、蓝三原色光。因此,只要能分别地记录这三种原色光,并且能再现与原景物中三原色光相同比例的色光,便可以获得彩色影像了。     

高端3CCD数码摄像机的新机型综述

目前，一般数码摄像机都装备有单个的CCD影像传感器，必须通过三原色滤色片捕俘彩色影像，因而影响实际显示的像素的总数目、彩色还原和彩色饱和度。为了获取更高的影像质量，新型的专业数码摄像机装备有三个CCD，可同时分别捕俘三原色彩色影像，从而可获得更高的总像素数量和更好的彩色还原和饱和度。本文综述了几种近期出现在市场上的高端3CCD数码摄像机新机型。     

数码分色照相的方法与应用分析

根据数码照相机拍摄图像的成色原理，利用Photoshop 7．0图像处理软件对数码图像进行通道分离。说明在RGB3个通道分离后的灰度图像与传统分色照相中使用三原色滤色镜拍摄所得的照片在分色效果上基本相同．并通过试验结果加以证实。由此可见，在数码分色照相中无需使用三原色滤色镜。同时指出，使用其它颜色的滤色镜进行分色照相，数码与传统的方法相比，它们在分色效果上几乎没有区别。     

创意营

取色画笔 顾名思义，取色画笔就是可以自身提取自然界中的任意颜色，用它作画就可以画出相应的色彩了。该概念笔是由韩国设计师jinsupark设计，内部包含RGB三原色，通过三种原色的不同比例混合，产生不同色彩。有了它，画画爱好者们就无需携带大捆画笔了!     

彩扩实用技术

１彩色扩印机校正原理及工作原理１１校正原理伊文斯（Ｅｖａｎｓ）积分中性灰理论大量实践表明：自然界的各种景物都含有红、绿、蓝三原色光，或者说三原色光可以混合出一切色彩。如果把等量的红、绿、蓝光相加混合，就可以得到深浅不同的灰色，因此，灰色包含着最丰富...     

增强彩色电子纸饱和度的误差扩散优化

为解决彩色电泳电子纸因粘滞阻力等引起的显示颜色饱和度低、边缘模糊等问题,本文提出基于HSL空间的彩色电子纸边缘增强误差扩散算法,以提高图像显示质量。该算法首先将去噪图像利用边缘检测算子得到边缘增强图像,结合边缘增强图像像素邻域平均灰度、像素与邻域灰度差异和像素邻域相似度得到新RGB图像像素值。接着,新RGB图像通过阈值处理过程得到16色阶RGB图像。最后,16色阶RGB图像转换到HSL空间,建立HSL和RGB色彩空间的转换模型,根据像素点的亮度和饱和度计算出调整因子,从而增强RGB图像饱和度。该算法与传统的误差扩散算法相比,信噪比PSNR提高了3.9%～26.7%,UCIQE提高了10.1%～48.2%,相似度SSIM提高了13.2%～25.4%。主观评价参考ITU-R BT.500-1标准设计实验计算Z得分,最终本文算法处理后图像在彩色电子纸上显示的图像细节和颜色更加接近原图,整体视觉效果更好。     

色彩的魅力(2)

传统彩色摄影为何用减色法? 大家知道,白光可分解成红、绿、蓝三色光,而红、绿、蓝三色光又可混合叠加成白光。我们称红、绿、蓝三色光为加色法三原色。 与色光不同,我们的照片和反转片,却是由黄、品、青三种染料来表达千变万化的色彩,我们称黄、品、青三色为减色法三原色。     

用于固态体积式真三维立体显示的LED投影照明系统研究

合肥工业大学开发的固态体积式真三维立体显示器包括单片DMD、UHP投影光源、RGBRGB六段4倍速色轮、方棒、20层液晶光阀组成的显示体、投影镜头、折叠光路、控制电路等,存在刷新率低、色域小的问题.本文设计了基于LED的投影照明系统,包括RGB三原色LED发光模块、混合聚光镜、X棱镜等,替换样机中的UHP光源和色轮.红...     

A Building Brick Principle to Create Transparent Composite Films with Multicolor Emission and Self‐Healing Function

A cellulose paper is used impregnated with light‐emitting CdTe nanocrystals and carbon dots, and filled with a polyurethane to fabricate uniform transparent composite films with bright photoluminescence of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) (RGB) colors. A building brick‐like assembly method is introduced to realize RGB multicolor emission patterns from this composite material. By sectioning out individual pixels from monochrome‐emissive composite sheets, the advantage of the self‐healing properties of polyurethane is taken to arrange and weld them into a RGB patterned fabric by brief exposure to ethanol. This provides an approach to form single layer RGB light‐emitting pixels, such as potentially required in the display applications, without the use of any lithographic or etching processing. The method can utilize a wide range of different solution‐based kinds of light‐emitting materials.     

Temperature Measurement Technique for Stabilizing the Light Output of RGB LED Lamps

The efficiency of light-emitting-diode (LED) lights approaches that of fluorescent lamps. LED light sources find more applications than conventional light bulbs due to their compactness, lower heat dissipation, and real-time color-changing capability. Stabilizing the colors of red–green–blue (RGB) LED lights is a challenging task, which includes color light intensity control using switching-mode power converters, color point maintenance against LED junction temperature change, and limiting LED device temperature to prolong the LED lifetime. In this paper, we present a LED junction temperature measurement technique for a pulsewidth modulation diode forward current controlled RGB LED lighting system. The technique has been automated and can effectively stabilize the color without the need for using expensive feedback systems that involve light sensors. Performance in terms of chromaticity and luminance stability for a temperature-compensated RGB LED system will be presented.      

A Single-Pixel RGB Device in a Colorful Alphanumeric Electrofluorochromic Display

With the rapid development of human society, consumer electronics have brought marvelous changes to human daily life, but they are accompanied by the much higher demand of display quality and visual experience. Therefore, ideal conversion among the three primary colors—red (R), green (G), and blue (B)—in a single pixel has been a better way to avoid the insurmountable technical barrier of subpixel technology of modern displays. Electrofluorochromic (EFC) materials capable of a novel luminescent switching, open a powerful way to design optoelectronic devices for displays and information storage etc. Colorful EFC devices, especially emitting the ideal three primary colors without subpixel technology, have been a challenge for years. Herein, a long-awaited single-pixel device with RGB color is fabricated successfully based on proton-coupled electron transfer. The RGB EFC device exhibits outstanding EFC properties, such as low turn-on voltage (+1.0 and −1.0 V), large color gamut, and good stability (500 cycles for each color). Prototypes of colorful alphanumeric displays are well demonstrated in a facile way. The success of this new exploration of single-pixel RGB EFC device not only provides the possibility of full-color emission in EFC devices, but also will widely broaden the EFC system and their applications.     

基于视觉特性的LCD显示器光谱特征化方法

目的实现LCD显示器RGB颜色空间到颜色光谱高效的特征化。方法利用主成分分析法对光谱数据进行降维处理以及借助RBF神经网络研究输入变量数据范围、视觉加权函数和颜色数量对特征化模型的精度影响。结果主成分个数为6时可以很好地保留光谱原来的信息;输入变量范围为0到2.55,CIE1931视觉函数作为加权函数,颜色数量为364时特征化精度高,客观验证99个颜色转换的平均色差为0.36,最大色差为1.59,总样本的平均色差为0.17。结论输入变量数据范围对模型影响最大,视觉加权函数和颜色数量次之,因此在特征化时要考虑输入变量范围、视觉加权函数和颜色数量,这样可以提高模型的精度。文中提出的模型是一种精度较高的特征化模型,具有一定实际应用价值。     

Large‐Scale Noniridescent Structural Color Printing Enabled by Infiltration‐Driven Nonequilibrium Colloidal Assembly

Structural colors originating from interaction of light with intricately arranged micro‐/nanostructures have stimulated considerable interest because of their inherent photostability and energy efficiency. In particular, noniridescent structural color with wide viewing angle has been receiving increasing attention recently. However, no method is yet available for rapid and large‐scale fabrication of full‐spectrum structural color patterns with wide viewing angles. Here, infiltration‐driven nonequilibrium assembly of colloidal particles on liquid‐permeable and particle‐excluding substrates is demonstrated to direct the particles to form amorphous colloidal arrays (ACAs) within milliseconds. The infiltration‐assisted (IFAST) colloidal assembly opens new possibilities for rapid manufacture of noniridescent structural colors of ACAs and straightforward structural color mixing. Full‐spectrum noniridescent structural colors are successfully produced by mixing primary structural colors of red, blue, and yellow using a commercial office inkjet printer. Rapid fabrication of large‐scale structural color patterns with sophisticated color combination/layout by IFAST printing is realized. The IFAST technology is versatile for developing structural color patterns with wide viewing angles, as colloidal particles, inks, and substrates are flexibly designable for diverse applications.     

Light guide of Au nanostructures for color-filterness optoelectronic display devices

Au line nanostructures with different pitch distances from 500 nm to 950 nm on ITO coated glass substrates have been fabricated at room temperature for exploring the color light guide in all kinds of display system. The patterned Au line array is used as a light outcoupling and color-selection component due to the emission wavelength changed by the Au line arrays with different pitch distances that could achieve multi-color selections. The ITO coated glass substrates patterned with periodic Au line arrays with controlled line pitches has been demonstrated and used as a color filter in all display devices. Using a proper pitch distance of Au line nanostructures, the basic third colors of red, green, and blue (RGB) can be simply gained and controlled without a traditional color filter for future optoelectronic display devices.     

Traffic light recognition

Abstract

An automatic traffic light recognition system is proposed in this paper so that car drivers have sufficient information to make a correct decision. This in turn facilitates the construction of an ITS (Intelligent Transportation System). The proposed method can be applied to movable cameras, is adaptable to environmental variations and is proper for real‐time implementation. It consists of two phases: traffic light detection and classification. The two phases are based on color, region and border information. At the detection stage, the RGB color space is first converted into the HSI color space so as to find those regions with specific colors of traffic lights. The morphology technology is employed to remove holes and noise. Region labeling is then involved to detect candidate regions of traffic lights. At the classification stage, border detection is employed to obtain region borders which together with region colors are matching features. In this study, circle and arrow traffic lights can both be coped with. Moreover, our method is adaptable to environmental variations in numbers of lights, types of lights and time slots. Various experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method.     

Highly sensitive color fine-tuning of diblock copolymeric nano-aggregates with tri-metallic cations,Eu(Ⅲ),Tb(Ⅲ),and Zn(Ⅱ),for flexible photoluminescence films(FPFs)

Luminescence materials have shown promise as display apparatus and lighting devices.The particularly interesting systems are photoluminescence materials that are capable of reversible colors emitting repeatedly on exposure to light.Here we report a series of color tunable flexible and transparent photoluminescence films consisting of multi-metals(Eu³⁺,Tb³⁺and Zn³⁺)induced polymer aggregates(MIPAs)which are distributed uniformly in the polyacrylonitrile(PAN)films without agglomeration.MIPAs have a unique spherical structure due to the self-assembly of polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid(PS-b-PAA)induced by metal ions.Notably,when applied in photoluminescence devices,these photoluminescence films exhibit not only red,green,blue colors(RGB)light,but also other tuned various color light covering the whole visible range upon excitation of 345 nm through adjusting the relative ratios of metal complexes.As the most important key point,non-conductive polymers can be used in photoluminescence devices as host medium,which is not realized in electroluminescent devices.Thus,the flexible photoluminescence films(FPFs)innovated herein exhibit the great potential to apply for flexible light-color and light-energy transformation devices.     

Color Generation and Refractive Index Sensing Using Diffraction from 2D Silicon Nanowire Arrays

Tunable structural color generation from vertical silicon nanowires arranged in different square lattices is demonstrated. The generated colors are adjustable using well‐defined Bragg diffraction theory, and only depend on the lattice spacing and angles of incidence. Vivid colors spanning from bright red to blue are easily achieved. In keeping with this, a single square lattice of silicon nanowires is also able to produce different colors spanning the entire visible range. It is also shown that the 2D gratings also have a third grating direction when rotated 45 degrees. These simple and elegant solutions to color generation from silicon are used to demonstrate a cost‐effective refractive index sensor. The sensor works by measuring color changes resulting from changes in the refractive index of the medium surrounding the nanowires using a trichromatic RGB decomposition. Moreover, the sensor produces linear responses in the trichromatic decomposition values versus the surrounding medium index. An index resolution of 10^?4 is achieved by performing basic image processing on the collected images, without the need for a laser or a spectrometer. Spectral analysis enables an increase in the index resolution of the sensor to a value of 10^?6, with a sensitivity of 400 nm/RIU.