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1.
助听器是一种电声放大装置,将声音放大并传输到听力损失患者的耳内,从而使听力损失患者得到声音补偿,听到以前听不清、听不到的声音。建起听力障碍者与有声世界的桥梁,助听器无疑是一种好的选择。根据助听器的外形和佩戴位置的不同可分为三种:盒式、耳背式和耳内  相似文献   

2.
孙晋  牟宏宇  陈友元 《声学技术》2022,41(5):685-690
文章研究了听力正常老年人的P1-N1-P2波的特征值及其影响因素,并初步探讨其与言语感知之间的相关性。对40例听力正常的老年人进行了不同频段言语刺激声条件下的P1-N1-P2波测试与不同信噪比条件下的言语识别率测试。使用非参数检验分析不同言语刺激声频段P1-N1-P2波各波潜伏期、幅值的差异性,使用斯皮尔曼(Spearman)相关性检验分析老年人年龄、纯音听阈与P1-N1-P2波潜伏期、幅值之间的相关性;使用Spearman相关性检验分析P1-N1-P2波各波潜伏期和幅值与言语识别率之间的相关性。结果表明,刺激声频段、年龄、纯音听阈对听力正常老年人P1-N1-P2波各波潜伏期、幅值有显著影响,听力正常老年人P1-N1-P2波特征值与言语感知具有相关性。  相似文献   

3.
王玥  李平  崔杰 《声学技术》2013,(Z1):239-240
0引言助听器的使用人群是听力受损者,因此助听器中的降噪算法也应更多的考虑听力受损者的听觉特性。同时,由于助听器体积小、功耗低,助听器中的降噪算法的计算量也不宜过大,才能满足实时性等方面的要求。本文在一种基于听觉掩蔽的贝叶斯感知估计降噪算法的基础上,结合听力受损者的听觉特性,提出一种适合于使用在助听器中的低复杂度感知估计降噪算法。  相似文献   

4.
《声学技术》2012,(5):521-521
作为东海站的特聘技术顾问,Soli博士于2012年9月10日在我站做了题为“Early hearing aid intervention:An internationalperspective”的学术报告。早期听力检测与干预对有听力障碍的成人与儿童都有帮助。小儿早期听力检测与干预的项目旨在为听障儿童在言语语言成长的关键时期提供适合的干预,并帮助听障儿童有效地参与到言语语言的发展过程中来。  相似文献   

5.
助听器是广大听力残疾人用以补偿听力功能的必备工具。对于耳聋患者来说,接触丰富多彩有声世界的的桥梁就是助听器。助听器的主要电声性能指标如饱和声压级、满档声增益、总谐波失真、等效输入噪声级等,对使用者有较大的影响。不合格的助  相似文献   

6.
<正>一、规范制定的背景、意义随着医疗事业的不断发展,手持式声场型听力筛查仪(以下简称筛查仪)在妇幼保健院和地段医院中得到了广泛使用和推广,主要用于婴幼儿早期的听力筛查,同时筛查仪也可以用于助听器使用者的声场验配,它对于保护婴儿的听力安全,促进听力残障人士的听力健康都发挥着积极的作用。  相似文献   

7.
张天洁 《包装工程》2015,36(22):34-37
目的设计出针对听力障碍儿童的益智玩具。方法分析听力障碍儿童的现状及其康复训练方法,听力障碍儿童应坚持每天训练前用林氏六音进行测试,在此基础上提出针对听力障碍儿童的益智玩具设计思路,并进行听力障碍儿童益智玩具的设计实践。结论通过益智玩具帮助听力障碍儿童进行言语训练,有利于听力障碍儿童的言语康复,使他们尽可能达到正常儿童的言语发展水平,回归主流社会。  相似文献   

8.
基于用户体验视角下的老年人眼镜产品人性化设计研究   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
王柳  刘卓 《包装工程》2017,38(18):189-193
目的关注老龄化用户人群,从人性化设计与技术角度提升老年人生活过程中使用眼镜产品的用户体验,提出基于用户体验的老龄眼镜产品设计指导原则。方法研究老年人群用户体验视角下老年人的眼镜产品设计的关键点,研究老年人眼镜产品设计的功能定位。结论提出以改善用户体验人机交互为目标的针对高龄用户的人性化眼镜产品设计策略。  相似文献   

9.
以用户为中心的老年人可穿戴产品设计研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
孙斐 《包装工程》2016,37(8):158-161
目的研究高龄人群的可穿戴产品设计。方法以国内外具有代表性的老年人可穿戴产品为例,以老年人的生理和心理需求为基础,以可用性工程学、设计心理学、医学等为理论依据,从核心功能设计、特殊体验设计以及情感化设计3个方面探讨高龄用户可穿戴产品的实际需求和设计特点。结论以用户为中心的老年人可穿戴产品设计,考虑了老年群体的特殊性,满足了老年人对健康产品的需求,促进了高科技产品的发展。  相似文献   

10.
随着人口老龄化的发展,我国60岁以上的老年人数的比例日趋增加,但是我国目前还处在未富先老的时期,对老年人的心理健康,社区服务、国家养老等一系列问题正地逐步的鳃决,尤其是社区对老年人的服务状况面临严峻的挑战。这里我对西安市的一个城区的两个先进社区进行了60岁以上的老人心理健康社区服务调查分析,从老年人心理健康水平分析,考核社区对老年人心理健康服务的保障措施的落实,为和谐西安、文明西安的建设提供参考依据。  相似文献   

11.
Over the last years, the proportion of patients older than 80 years with end‐stage renal disease has been constantly growing. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is known as the best vascular access for hemodialysis, but evidence for its added value is lacking for elderly. We retrospectively identified new vascular access (AVF and central venous catheter) created or installed between June 2005 and June 2008 in patients 80 years and older and in patients between 50 and 60 years. For every new AVF, we calculated primary failure, primary and secondary patency durations. Fifty‐five and 57 patients had a new vascular access in the >80 years old and 50 to 60 years old groups. Among these, 25 and 41 were new AVF in the older and younger groups. Primary failure was more frequent in elderly than in the younger (40% vs. 17%, P = 0.04). Primary patency was not significantly different in both groups (P = 0.06). Secondary patency was shorter in elderly (P = 0.005). Among the older group, the presence of an AVF was not associated with a difference in mortality (46% vs. 60%, P = 0.28), whereas there was a lower mortality in the younger group with AVF (12% vs. 43% P = 0.008). These results indicate lower patency duration in very elderly patients compared to middle‐aged patients. Without leading to the exclusion of patients over 80 years old for AVF creation, it might reinforce the need of a careful selection and evaluation in this population prior to referral.  相似文献   

12.
In this work, the electromagnetic interference on hearing aids was evaluated. Electromagnetic (EM) immunity tests on different types of hearing aids were carried out, using signals of intensity and modulation comparable to those present in the environment. The purpose of this work is to characterise the interference, establishing the immunity threshold for different frequencies and finding out which types of hearing aids are more susceptible, and in which frequency range. The tests were carried out in a GTEM cell on seven hearing aids, using AM and GSM signals in the radiofrequency (RF) range.  相似文献   

13.
The over-involvement of elderly drivers in collisions has a potentially adverse effect on highway safety. The question for most experts in traffic research is whether we can predict the individual risk of accidents and which variables are the best predictors, especially for this population. For a better understanding of the elderly drivers' problems, this study aimed to describe the most common types of accidents in the elderly population of drivers living in Quebec (> or = 65 years of age). The second objective of the study was to analyse the relationship between previous accidents or convictions and the risk of subsequent accidents. The results show that: (1) elderly drivers are characterised by error accidents involving more than one car, especially at intersections, (2) prior accidents are a better predictor for accident risk than prior convictions and (3) these trends steadily increase with each age group (drivers 65 years old to 80 years or more). The results are discussed in relation to the literature on risk behaviour of the elderly drivers.  相似文献   

14.
An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferential hemodialysis (HD) access. The goal of this study was to identify factors associated with pre‐dialysis AVF failure in an elderly HD population. We used United States Renal Data System + Medicare claims data to identify patients ≥67 years old who had an AVF as their initial vascular access placed pre‐dialysis. Failure of the AVF to be used for initial HD, was used as the outcome. Logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with AVF failure. The study cohort consisted of 20,360 subjects (76.2 ± 6.02 year old, 58.5% men). Forty‐eight percent of patients initiated dialysis using an AVF, while 52% used a catheter or an AVG. The following variables found to be associated with AVF failure when an AVF was created at least 4 months pre‐HD initiation: older age (odds ratio [OR] 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00–1.02), female gender (OR 1.69; 95% CI 1.55–1.83), black race (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.26–1.58), history of diabetes (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.06–1.39), cardiac failure (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.15–1.37), and shorter duration of pre–end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) nephrology care (OR for a nephrology care of less than 6 months prior to ESRD of 1.22 compared with a pre‐ESRD nephrology follow up of more than 12 months; 95% CI 1.07–1.38). OR for AVF failure for the entire cohort showed similar findings. In an elderly HD population, there is an association of older age, female gender, black race, diabetes, cardiac failure and shorter pre‐ESRD nephrology care with predialysis AVF failure.  相似文献   

15.
A total of 5,853 elderly drivers, aged 55 and over, and 8,210 middle-aged drivers 36-50 years old, all of whom were involved in accidents during 1986, were compared using discriminant function and univariate techniques. Substantial differences were found in accident characteristics not only between middle-aged and elderly drivers but also between three different age groups of the elderly. Support was found for the suspicion that, while the elderly have fewer accidents than younger drivers, their safety record, based on driving exposure with noncrash convictions as a surrogate measure of kilometres driven, is worse, and, in addition, they are more often at fault in accident involvements.  相似文献   

16.
Optical aberrations of the human cornea as a function of age   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21  
We investigated how the optical aberrations associated with the anterior surface of the human cornea change with age in a normal population. Aberrations were computed for a central part of the cornea (4, 5, and 6 mm in diameter) from the elevation data provided by a videokeratographic system. Measurements were obtained in 59 normal healthy, near-emmetropic [spherical equivalent lower than 2 diopters (D)] subjects of three age ranges: younger (20-30 years old), middle-aged (40-50 years old), and older (60-70 years old). The average corneal radius decreased with age and the cornea became more spherical. As a consequence, spherical aberration was significantly larger in the middle-aged and older corneas. Coma and other higher-order aberrations also were correlated with age. The root mean square of the wave aberration exhibited a linear positive correlation (P < 0.003) with age for the three ranges of pupil diameter. Despite a large intersubject variability, the average amount of aberration in the human cornea tends to increase moderately with age. However, this increase alone is not enough to explain the substantial reduction previously found in retinal image quality with age. The change in the aberrations of the lens with age and the possible loss of part of the balance between corneal and lenticular aberrations in youth may be the main factors responsible for the reduction of retinal image quality through the life span.  相似文献   

17.
18.
Forty-eight drivers of different ages (35–50 years old, 61 years and older) took part in our study, which tested a marketable navigation system (TRAVELPILOT IDS). Driving and navigation performance, as well as mental workload and the acceptance of innovative technology, were investigated. A limited range of findings will be presented in this paper. The results show that older and middle-aged drivers differ in only a few aspects. Both age groups reveal comparable results in driving. However, regarding the operation of the navigation system and concerning its effectiveness, older drivers performed worse. Age-related differences being rather small, analyses revealed significant global differences between the navigation system and a common road map: usage of the TRAVELPILOT influenced driving behavior negatively with respect to traffic safety. Also, the drivers' orientation was not any better using the navigation system. Based on this experimental work and on results derived from the literature, conclusions are drawn regarding future navigation systems in general and with respect to needs of elderly drivers.  相似文献   

19.
张雅梅  陈传万  王样 《包装工程》2019,40(6):233-238
目的利用可持续设计策略与社会价值评估模型探索老年助行器关于社会价值最大化的可持续优化建议。方法采用竞品分析的方法对老年助行器现有缺陷及所存问题展开探究,通过文献整理与实地访谈等方法对目标用户的群体特征与使用需求展开分析。结合可持续设计策略,以协调老年助行器经济、社会和环境3个方面的视角展开案例实践,最终基于产品社会价值理论,利用社会价值评估模型对案例展开设计分析与价值评价,并根据评估结果提出关于老年助行提升社会价值的优化建议。结论通过前期调研,得到关于老年助行器的改进方向、人群特征和需求关键词,通过可持续设计策略和社会价值评估模型探索老年助行器的可持续性与社会价值,对今后老年助行器的设计优化提供理论方法和案例借鉴。  相似文献   

20.
This exploratory study investigated factors associated with car crash injury among learner drivers across difference ages by using data routinely collected by the NSW police. The results obtained indicated that some factors are commonly associated with car crash injury across nearly all ages. On the other hand, some others are more age specific. On the whole, female learner drivers were more at risk of being killed or injured as compared to males. The drivers of 16 years old had an increased risk of crash injury due to environmental factors, such as special road feature, and distraction outside the vehicle. The increased risk of crash injury for older drivers (> or =25 years) was associated with distractions from both inside and outside vehicle. Night time driving posed a special risk to learner drivers aged 20-24 years old, but not other age groups. Speeding was a common factor for the increased risk of crash injury across all age groups. The implication of the results and limitations of the study were discussed.  相似文献   

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