实验性Push／Pull生产管理系统的研究与开发

介绍了实验性Ｐｕｓｈ／Ｐｕｌｌ生产管理系统的研究与开发情况。该系统的突出特，或是：１．运用提前／拖期计划方法将ＪＩＴ的准时生产思想与ＭＲＰ的主生产计划方法结合起来；２．用Ｐｕｓｈ方式控制物料投入，用Ｐｕｌｌ方式控制后续加工；３．用生产线改进建议模块对生产线的参数不断地进行调整。     

MRPⅡ系统中生产提前期的柔性化研究

生产提前期的准确性和柔性化是影响ＭＲＰⅡ系统运行的关键问题之一，本文在论述了ＭＲＰⅡ系统的基本特点的基础上，分析了生产提前期的确定原理，提出了一种运用计划评审技术（ＰＥＲＴ）中的三值估计法原理确定生产提前期的方法，并说明了该方法的要点和运用程序。     

基于流转批量的动态制造提前期算法研究

通过对企业资源计划(ERP)应用中生产过程的流转批量、加工批量与提前期的关系进行分析研究，以离散制造业中的批量生产为应用背景，结合批量因素提出多流转批次下的制造提前期计算方法，以流转批次反映工序间不同生产能力的相互影响，使车间作业中流转批量因素能在生产计划阶段通过提前期反映出来，以降低生产计划与车间作业计划之间的误差。并以实例应用说明该方法在生产计划制定中取得的效果。     

生产过程中缓冲设置的模拟方法

分析了瓶颈资源、缓冲、生产提前期之间的关系，以及目前各种用于确定约束资源的方法．针对工序能力比较接近的情况，提出了一种利用Q—GERT和仿真技术的方法，既能真实体现生产中的实际情况，也能准确确定系统中的瓶颈资源．从而使企业在保证较短的生产提前期的同时，大大节省了人力、物力。     

"按订单"生产方式下瓶颈资源的确定

分析了瓶颈资源、缓冲、生产提前期之间的关系，以及目前各种用于确定约束资源的方法。针对工序能力比较接近的情况，提出了一种利用Q—GERT仿真技术来分析单一产品模式和多产品模式下确定瓶颈资源的方法，既能真实体现生产中的实际情况，也能准确确定系统中的瓶颈资源，从而使企业在保证较短的生产提前期的同时，大大节省人力和物力。     

一个小批量多品种的生产计划模型

用线性目标规划方法构造了一个小批量多品种企业产生管理系统的年度生产计划模型，结合工厂实际提出了在物料需求计划中计算提前期的经验公式，最后则用AHP方法确定了作业计划中的零件优先加工系数。     

MTO再制造系统最优生产计划提前期研究——基于最小相对熵的方法

研究了MTO再制造系统关于单一核心部件在分拆和采购提前期均不确定下的生产运作;由于回收部件并非100%可用,使得以最小化再制造成本为目标得到的生产计划提前期呈现双峰分布的形式;本文将最小相对熵(MRE)方法应用于生产计划提前期分布的拟合,仿真算例表明:与传统的正态分布和Pearson近似方法相比,MRE近似的结果更为接近目标服务水平和真实的成本曲线,所得结论对再制造企业安排生产计划、设备投资以及旧产品回收策略等有现实的指导意义.     

客户化供应链中自制件动态提前期的一种计算方法

提前期是供应链管理中的一个重要参数,它对于基于时间段的供应链的计划开始时间和计划数量、库存控制策略、批量等都有直接的影响。本文介绍了客户化大量生产的概念与供应链管理的思想,描述了客户化供应链的形成和特点。在对供应链提前期分析的基础上,提出了一种自制件动态提前期的计算方法作为对供应链固定提前期的补充,以提高供应链系统的运行效果。     

高频直缝电阻焊管企业多阶段生产计划建模及管理信息系统设计

生产计划是企业生产管理的重要起点和依据。为避免以往采用人工排产方式所导致的资源浪费,达到最优排产策略,基于高频直缝电阻焊管(Electric Resistance Welding,ERW)企业的生产特点,针对多阶段生产计划建立了提前/拖期惩罚数学模型。考虑了交货期窗口、库存影响、企业产能、维修停机等约束条件,以惩罚费用最小作为优化生产计划的目标,采用遗传算法有效求解及优化了该问题。利用Visual Studio2010建立B/S模式的管理信息系统对数学模型进行功能实现,通过COM接口将MATLAB与B/S系统联动实现算法嵌入,完成了对生产计划的求解与管理信息系统的开发。管理信息系统在特定企业运用的结果表明:该模型及管理信息系统符合企业生产计划编制需求,达到了预期目标,具有较好的学术价值和实际意义。     

对面向负荷的生产控制技术的研究和改进

将面向负荷的生产控制(LOMC)技术的订单投放过程看做一个订单挑选问题,用0-1整数规划模型来求解,目标函数包含"平衡机器负荷"与"满足订单交货期"两项,从而得到订单挑选方案的全局最优解,优化了LOMC技术的订单投放过程。仿真实验表明,这种基于整数规划模型的LOMC方法能够更好地平衡机器负荷,同时改善订单生产提前期和拖期百分比,改进效果非常明显。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

SAC Delegation Visits AENOR and Signs Cooperation Agreements

正SAC Administrator Tian Shihong led the Chinese delegation to visit the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification(AENOR)on September 15,2014.Mrs.Begona Cristeto,the Vice-Minister of Industry,Energy and Tourism of Spain,and Mr.Avelino Brito,the President and CEO of AENOR greeted the delegation.The two sides had a deep and friendly discussion on strengthening the cooperation between China and Spain in the standardization field and promoting the standardization work to support the development of economy and trade in the two countries.