共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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根据离子注入与混合的离子束工艺对金属腐蚀行为影响的实验研究,从该技术表面冶金的特点出发,较系统地论述了合金元素性质、合金表面结构、辐射损伤、表面污染、成分均匀性以及表面应力等物理化学效应可能对金属电化学行为造成的影响。在此基础上提出了离子束表面合金化抑制金属腐蚀的综合模式,较好地解释了在不同条件下,加入不同元素对金属腐蚀行为造成的不同影响。 相似文献
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从实测大生产物料的动态表面张力和静态表面张力数据,用表面活性剂在涂布液的扩散和在新表面吸附过程,分析涂布过程出现的余布弊病,并提出解决的办法。 相似文献
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为了较大程度上提高304钢在各工业领域的应用,采用M-DPSS-50半导体激光打标机在304钢基体表面刻蚀出直径及间距分别为269,131μm的点坑状织构,之后采用盐浴渗氮炉对织构化表面进行渗氮处理。分别采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、光学显微镜及显微硬度测试仪检测复合改性表面的化学成分、表面形貌及表面显微硬度;采用微机控制多功能摩擦磨损试验机测试复合改性表面的摩擦学性能。结果表明:织构化处理获取了规则的织构点坑表面,盐浴渗氮处理后表面的显微硬度达到574.27 HV1 N,大大高于304钢基体表面的222.58 HV1 N。渗氮光滑表面的抗磨减摩特性都显著优于304钢基体表面,而复合改性表面又都明显优于渗氮光滑表面,说明复合改性表面具有极为优异的抗磨减摩特性。 相似文献
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水镁石粉体是聚合物的常用填料,但水镁石极性较大,与基材的相容性也较差,因此必须通过表面改性,降低水镁石粉体表面能,增强亲油疏水性,从而增加与聚合物之间的相容性,而阴离子表面活性剂是合适的改性剂之一。水镁石粉体改性后的表面性能,可以用固体表面能数值的变化来表征,本文选择丙三醇、水、1-溴代萘为探针液体,用直接测定法与Washburn方程间接计算法获得了改性前后水镁石的接触角,通过Lifshitz-van der Waals acid base三参数法计算其表面能。研究结果表明,不同的阴离子基团中,羧酸类、磷酸较之磺酸类硫酸类改性效果有明显优势,表面能的碱分量γ-S和酸分量γ+S降为0;随着改性剂中非极性链烃的碳原子个数增加,表面能非极性分量γLSW下降很多,最终导致总表面能下降,接触角增加,疏水性增强。 相似文献
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及时脱除热力除霜后冷表面残留液滴,可以延缓二次结霜。本文对室温环境下超疏水表面融霜演化行为进行了微观可视化观测,对比分析了表面倾角对裸铝表面(接触角88. 0°)及超疏水表面(接触角151. 1°)融霜排液的影响。实验结果表明,水平超疏水表面融霜过程存在单液膜卷曲收缩及多液滴合并两种行为,较大的静态接触角及较小的接触角滞后是促使多液滴合并的主要原因。与倾斜裸表面融霜过程存在大量残留液滴不同,超疏水表面融霜液可实现自排除;当表面倾角>30°时,超疏水表面排液率可达90%以上。结合表面润湿特性及表面倾角推导出表面液滴临界脱落半径,与实验结果吻合较好。 相似文献
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Using a surface light scattering spectroscopic technique, the surface tension and viscosity of pure succinonitrile (SCN) and SCN–acetone alloys at 0.86, 1.69, and 2.25 mol% have been determined. The surface light scattering technique, and the procedures used for making the alloys and measuring their concentrations, are presented. Analysis indicates our interfacial surface tension and viscosity measurements have an uncertainty of ±2% and ±10%, respectively. The surface tension and viscosity were measured at various temperatures yielding relations among surface tension, viscosity, temperature, and concentration in SCN–acetone alloys. 相似文献
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Fast skis are essential for an Olympic cross-country skiing athlete. Accurate and timely estimates of the snow surface conditions on a race course are needed to prepare race skis. For training purposes prior to the 2010 Winter Olympics, snow surface and snowpack observations were collected on the cross-country racing track at the Whistler Olympic Park, British Columbia during February 2008 and 2009. During periods with clear skies, snow surface temperatures varied by more than 10 °C around the course while temperatures in the stadium area increased by more than 16 °C from morning to early afternoon. Simulations using the SNOWPACK model of snow surface temperature were within 1 °C of those measured during a four day observation period in the stadium area. Idealized simulations were completed varying cloud cover, slope and aspect. These simulations provided realistic appearing changes in snow surface temperature as a function of time of day. 相似文献
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Haoran Chen Hao Zhu Zhichao Huang Wenhui Rong Kai Wu 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2019,31(50)
A heterogeneous catalytic process involves many surface elementary steps that affect the overall catalytic performance in one way or another. In general, a high‐performance heterogeneous catalyst should meet the main criteria: excellent catalytic activity and high selectivity toward target products. Using surface science techniques, the two‐sidedness of the surface reaction mediations can be explored, from the perspectives of the surface and the molecule manipulations. The surface manipulation refers to a reaction that is mediated by composition and structure of the substrate as well as surface species, while the molecular manipulation relates to a reaction that is mediated by the reacting molecule via the precursor selection, environmental control, or external excitation. The best catalytic system should consist of the most efficient catalyst and the best suitable reacting molecule, in addition to its economic benefit and environmental amity. Recent research progress in surface reaction mediation is outlined, and its two‐sidedness is governed by the Arrhenius equation. This should shed new light on the connection between basic theory and surface reaction mediation strategies. To conclude, challenges and possible opportunities are elaborated for efficient surface reaction mediations. 相似文献