连铸坯表面横裂纹成因及预防措施探讨

众所周知,连铸结晶器振动的目的一是脱模,二是防止坯壳黏结。这样就不可避免地在铸坯表面留下横向振痕而产生一个特殊的质量问题,就是横裂纹。裂纹一般很细,深2-8mm,表面很难发现,经酸洗、火焰清理后横裂纹清晰。表面横裂纹的存在是生产无缺陷铸坯的障碍。铸坯产生横裂纹的敏感性很大程度上取决于振痕深度、钢的成分以及工艺设备因素等。基于此本文对横裂纹的成因进行相关研究。     

含钒钛微合金钢连铸板坯的热塑性模拟研究

含钒钛微合金钢连铸板坯因表面裂纹严重影响铸坯质量,这与其在连铸过程中的热塑性密切相关。以攀钢目前生产的含钒钛微合金钢为研究对象,研究了从熔点到550℃温度范围内热塑性的变化规律。采用数理分析方法,首次建立了含钒钛微合金钢的流变模型。用此模型预测含钒钛微合金钢在连铸条件下的热塑性,并作为改进连铸工艺的依据之一。在研究含钒钛微合金钢连铸板坯的表面裂纹与热塑性的关系时,发现连铸板坯表面横裂纹往往在振痕谷部产生。据此开创性地用高温下的非连续模型热拉伸实验模拟铸坯表面横裂纹的产生过程。结果表明,振痕产生的应力集中降低了含钒钛微合金钢的热塑性。论文把高温时应力集中导致材料热塑性变化称为材料的高温应力集中敏感性,并用高温应力集中敏感参数τ=(RA-RA′)/RA×100％来描述(RA是连续模型断面收缩率;RA′是非连续模型断面收缩率)。根据这一定义。采用数理分析方法定量研究了含钒钛微合金钢从熔点到700℃温度范围内高温应力集中敏感性的变化规律,并建立了高温应力集中敏感性模型。通过此模型,可预测含钒钛微合金钢在连铸过程中的高温应力集中敏感性,并对由流变模型得到的连铸工艺参数进行调整。采用理论计算和实验手段研究了钒钛在钢中的存在状态及其对热塑性和高温应力集中敏感     

低脆性温度区间冷却速率对AH36钢连铸坯热延展性的影响

为改善AH36钢连铸坯角部横裂纹现象,以Gleeble-3800热模拟机为试验设备,研究连铸坯在低脆性温度区间不同冷却速率连续冷却时的热延展性,并借助扫描电镜-能谱仪(SEM-EDS)、金相显微镜(OM)对试验钢的断口显微组织进行分析表征,研究了冷却速率对AH36钢连铸坯角部横裂纹的影响规律和显微组织演化。结果表明:提高低脆性温度区间连铸坯的冷却速率,能够增强其抗裂纹敏感性,通过改变低温脆性区间的冷却速率能控制连铸坯表面裂纹敏感性;以10℃/s的冷却速率冷却时,连铸坯具有较好的热延展性,试样825℃断面收缩率为67.02%,断口呈杯锥状,剪切唇明显,断口表面凸凹不平,有较深的韧窝存在,且内部晶粒大小约16.81μm,显微组织均匀。     

SPHD热轧带钢边部翘皮缺陷分析

在SPHD热轧带钢边部发现有翘皮缺陷。通过宏观检验、化学成分分析、金相检验、扫描电镜及能谱分析等方法对带钢边部翘皮的原因进行了分析。结果表明:连铸时结晶器内的保护渣卷入铸坯表层,轧制变形后被拉长存在于带钢皮下表层是引起SPHD带钢翘皮缺陷的主要原因。SPHD带钢经过粗轧道次的变形,中间坯角部低温区在一定的立辊侧压作用下产生了超出板坯材料热塑性容限的变形,形成角部裂纹,这种裂纹在随后的轧制过程中不能被焊合,形成沿轧制方向断续迭层分布的翘皮缺陷,并随中间坯侧边"翻边"过程的进行向板坯上下表面翻转,最终分布在热轧板边部区域。     

中厚板轧材探伤不合的原理分析与措施

因铸坯内部质量原因造成轧材探伤不合的原因主要有四个,分别是氢致裂纹,铸坯内部的中心偏析与裂纹,铸坯内部的夹杂物和铸坯内部的带状组织发达。本文针对中厚板生产中出现的轧材分层问题展开分析,从连铸坯的内部质量缺陷和轧钢的压下量等方面分析轧材分层产生的原因及预防措施。     

37Mn5钢连铸圆坯的裂纹成因分析

使用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜等设备,结合实际操作工艺,分析了某37Mn5钢连铸圆坯表面产生纵向裂纹的原因。结果表明:生产中工艺操作不当,材料出连铸机后上冷床快速冷却是铸坯产生纵向裂纹的根本原因;偏高的过热度和连铸拉速,促进了裂纹的形成与扩展。     

连铸坯表面裂纹产生原因分析

铸坯表面质量的好坏直接影响最终轧制产品,针对包钢CSP所生产的Q345B热轧板坯出现的裂纹缺陷,阐述了影响铸坯表面纵裂纹、横裂纹形成的原因及防止表面裂纹产生的技术措施。     

连铸坯角部横向裂纹的形成机理与定量评估

综述了连铸坯角部横向裂纹的产生及与其相关的因素。轧材表面纵向裂纹多数由连铸坯的横向裂纹引起的，研究认为，连铸坯的横向裂纹是结晶器温度在1300℃左右时形成的超大原始奥氏体晶粒（直径〉1mm）造成的。给出了断裂的定量判定公式。     

7050铝合金铸锭裂纹形成及控制分析

从合金特性、铸造工艺、铸态组织等方面出发,分析了各种因素对7050铝合金铸锭铸造过程中裂纹产生的影响,对铸坯裂纹的形成条件、机理进行了综述和总结,并提出了防止铸锭产生裂纹的控制措施.     

含硼钢SS400B角部裂纹分析与控制

本文以日钢生产的含硼钢SS400B为例，采用热酸蚀法分析了含硼钢角部裂纹的特征及成因。该缺陷微观特征为凹坑上分布细小裂纹，缺陷是由连铸坯角部沿振痕分布的横向裂纹遗传所致。采用二冷区弱冷的方法和调整辊缝值可以有效控制该缺陷的产生。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

中国质量(北京)大会(英文)

正Themed on"quality,innovation,development",the first China Quality Conference(Beijing)was held in the Great Hall of the People on September 15.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered an important speech at the conference.State Councilor Yang Jing and Wang Yong attended the conference with over 600 domestic and international representatives from foreign,regional and international quality organizations     

National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization

正The National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization was held in Beijing on July 15,2014.Wang Min,the Deputy-Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and Yin Minghan,the Chief-Engineer of SAC addressed the meeting.Representatives from relevant competent departments and technical committees were present.The meeting aims to summarize work,discuss existing problems and make clear working thoughts,promoting standardization work of land and resources to a new level.Wang Min pointed out that the standardization work of land and resources should be centered on the basic principles of"protecting land and resources dutifully,intensively and economically utilizing land and resources,and making all-out efforts to safeguard the public’s rights and interests",highlighted the