三效溴化锂吸收式制冷机的发展概况

本文综述了三效溴化锂吸收式制冷机的发展概况，介绍了三效式溴冷机新工质对、吸收循环方式、传热与传质和新型缓蚀剂的研究状况。同时，展望了三效溴化锂吸收式制冷机的发展趋势。     

并联式（直燃型）三效溴化锂吸收式制冷循环及其Yong分析

本文提出一种并联式直燃型三效溴化锂吸收式制冷机循环模型，并通过对制冷量为１７４４．５ｋＷ（１５０＊１０＾ｋｃａｌ／ｈ）机组的Ｙｏｎｇ分析，指出Ｙｏｎｇ损失在各种件中的分配，其中主 发生器是最薄弱环节，其Ｙｏｎｇ损失达一半左右。     

太阳能溴化锂吸收式制冷装置工作过程模拟

以太阳能驱动溴化锂吸收式制冷实验装置为对象，应用MCGS组态软件建立了实验装置的工艺流程，建立了太阳能驱动溴化锂吸收式制冷装置仿真计算模型，应用VB编制了仿真计算程序。通过OLE自动化技术将VB和MCGS连接，把在VB中计算的运转参数和热工性能指标传送给MCGS用户界面，在MCGS工程中实时地显示溴化锂吸收式制冷热泵装置的工作参数和性能指标。在装置实验条件下得到较好的仿真结果。     

蒸汽双效溴化锂制冷机组串联流程的一种改进设计

本文介绍一种蒸汽双效溴化锂吸收式制冷机组串联流程的改进设计。为了提高机组COP,它比通常的串联流程增加了一个冷剂凝水热交换器部件。通过设计计算,选取了最佳的流程参数,并与常规串联流程的热力性能做了对比。     

溴化锂吸收式制冷装置对环境影响因素的分析

为了全面评价制冷装置对环境的影响,用总的当量变暖因素对溴化锂吸收式等几种制冷装置进行计算和分析,说明溴化锂吸收式制冷装置对环境的破坏更严重。     

单效溴化锂吸收式制冷循环吸收特性与工况关系的研究

以单效溴化锂吸收式制冷机为研究对象,对溴化锂水溶液的热力性质参数进行了计算机模拟。通过模拟计算,得到了求解溴化锂水溶液热力参数的较为精确的计算方法。溴化锂吸收式制冷机是以水为制冷剂,溴化锂为吸收剂,通过消耗热能来实现制冷目的的。通过对单效循环的仿真模拟计算,实现了对机组在不同工作工况下的性能预测。为进一步利用数字和模拟手段深入研究溴化锂吸收式制冷机组奠定了良好的基础。     

两级复合吸收式制冷循环研究

对以氨/水及水/溴化锂为工质的两级复合吸收式制冷循环进行计算分析后发现,该循环不仅提高了循环的COP值,而且也增大了制冷温度范围。但是只有在冷却水入口温度较低的情况下,循环才能获得较大的制冷温度范围。同时,循环随着冷却水入口温度的提高,最低制冷温度也随之上升,由于受到溴化锂溶液结晶和腐蚀问题的限制,Ⅱ级发生温度不能过高,放气范围不能过兢兢业业,否则会影响该循环的实际应用。     

增压型溴化锂吸收式制冷（热泵）机组特性研究和溴化锂溶液热物性研究

溴化锂吸收式制冷是一种兼备环保与节能的制冷技术,已经得到广泛的重视和发展。本文介绍了关于溴化锂吸收式制冷的两方面研究,一方面是增压提效亚稳平衡型溴化锂吸收式制冷（热泵）机组特性研究,另一方面是添加剂对溴化锂溶液表面张力与传递性能的复合效应及其耦合机理研究。这两方面的研究均取得优异的成果。     

溴化锂水溶液强化吸收的可视化实验研究

对溴化锂吸收式制冷供热系统进行优化,其中一项重要的内容是研究吸收过程的强化。采用多个不同形状和尺寸的高效板翅式吸收器进行实验,再用表面活性介质进一步强化吸收,除记录有关参数外还可通过光窗观察吸收过程中膜的变化,同时辅以用电光分析天平和激光全息干涉方法分别研究溴化锂水溶液静止状态和成膜流动状态下水蒸汽吸收过程的局部细节,为研究强化吸收提供了直观可靠的手段。     

溴化锂水溶液的比焓分析

从溴化锂水溶液的热物理性质出发,分析了国内外有关溴化锂水溶液的比焓值数据,合理地解释了国内外溴化锂水溶液比焓值不同的原因,提出了一种简单的转换国内外溴化锂水溶液比焓值数据的公式,并显示了较好的吻合性,为今后借鉴国外有关的比焓数据提供了方法。并根据这一方法,对国外有关的高温高浓度区域的比焓值数据进行了转换,可为三效和四效溴化锂吸收式制冷机的开发和研制提供比焓值数据。     

The thermodynamic performance of a new solution cycle in double absorption heat transformer using water/lithium bromide as the working fluids

In this paper, a new solution cycle in the double absorption heat transformer is presented and the thermodynamic performance of this new cycle is simulated based on the thermodynamic properties of aqueous solution of lithium bromide. The results show that this new cycle is superior to the cycle being studied by some researchers. This new solution cycle has a wider range of operation in which the system maintains the high value of COP and has larger temperature lifts and operation stability. The relationship between the absorber and the absorbing evaporator is more independent and this makes the operation and control of the system more easier.     

Analysis of a hybrid compression—absorption cycle using lithium bromide and water as the working fluid

Hybrid refrigeration cycles which combine a mechanical compressor and an absorption cycle in such a way that they share a single evaporator were analysed. The motivation for the investigation of hybrid cycles was the need to more efficiently utilize the output of an internal combustion engine. The hybrid cycles make efficient use of both the work and the heat output of an engine. Performance calculations are reported for a promising cycle which utilizes LiBr-H₂O as the working fluid. For this working fluid, the refrigerant is water. Owing to the potential sensitivity of the absorption cycle components to oil contamination, the cycle was analysed assuming an oil-free steam compressor (screw design). Although oil-free steam compressors are available, they are used only sparingly in the industry. The capital cost for such a compressor is very high and the isentropic efficiency of the available units is low. This combination of high cost and low performance results in poor economics for the hybrid cycle based on the available technology. However, the cycle has significant potential from a thermodynamic viewpoint and it provides an incentive for compressor manufacturers to refine the oil-free steam compression technology.     

Salt effect of lithium bromide on the solution polymerization of acrylonitrile

Abstract

In this paper, the salt effect of lithium bromide (LiBr) on the dimethyl formamid (DMF) solution polymerization of acrylonitrile was studied. From the experimental data, we proposed a possible mechanism and derived its rate expression to determine the kinetic parameters for this system. The results show that the values of k_v/k_tr (1.984～79.365) and k_t/k² _tr (3.311×l0²～3.156×l0⁵ sec·mole/1) of the DMF‐LiBr solution polymerization of acrylonitrile are larger than those of the DMF‐LiCl solution polymerization of acrylonitrile shown by Bamford and others. These results can be explained by the basicity of salt and the dissociation of polyacrylonitrile in the DMF‐LiBr solution.     

单效LiBr吸收式制冷系统仿真研究

通过引入LiBr溶液物性的计算程序，在系统平衡性分析的基础上，编制LiBr吸收式制冷系统的仿真程序。研究溶液换热器性能、蒸发温度、冷凝温度、发生器加热温度及蒸发器管壁液膜厚度等对系统性能的影响及本质原因，这对系统的设计和改进有很大的参考意义。     

Energy and exergy analysis of single effect and series flow double effect water–lithium bromide absorption refrigeration systems

In this paper, the energy and exergy analysis of single effect and series flow double effect water–lithium bromide absorption systems is presented. A computational model has been developed for the parametric investigation of these systems. Newly developed computationally efficient property equations of water–lithium bromide solution have been used in the computer code. The analysis involves the determination of effects of generator, absorber and evaporator temperatures on the energetic and exergetic performance of these systems. The effects of pressure drop between evaporator and absorber, and effectiveness of heat exchangers are also investigated. The performance parameters computed are coefficient of performance, exergy destruction, efficiency defects and exergetic efficiency. The results indicate that coefficient of performance of the single effect system lies in range of 0.6–0.75 and the corresponding value of coefficient of performance for the series flow double effect system lies in the range of 1–1.28. The effect of parameters such as temperature difference between heat source and generator and evaporator and cold room have also been investigated. Irreversibility is highest in the absorber in both systems when compared to other system components.     

溴化锂吸收式制冷系统溶液热交换器的传热性能研究

以板式溶液热交换器为例，建立物理数学模型。通过对模型的求解，得到溶液热交换器在不同流速下的传热特性。计算结果表明，提高溶液热交换器中的溶液流速可以提高其传热系数，但会导致溶液的进出口温差减小，使溶液间换热不充分。设计溶液热交换器时可根据设计要求与文中计算结果选择不同的溶液流速。     

太阳能无泵溴化锂制冷机性能优化分析

为了改善吸收器的吸收性能和提高系统的整体运行性能,在搭建小型太阳能无泵溴化锂吸收式制冷系统的基础上,采用温控装置控制太阳能模拟集热器的温度（80～93℃）与实际集热器的工作温度范围相一致,增加弦月形热虹吸管的数量,将二次发生装置引入气液分离器,吸收器和蒸发器封装同体并左右布置,采用蛇形叉排式横管降膜吸收和蒸发,并增设布液器和溢流式喷淋装置。结构优化后系统启动温度平均降低5℃,提高了太阳能的利用率;溶液可在较低的初始质量分数（46％～53％）下被提升,扩大了放气范围;吸收器降膜表面持液率增大,浓溶液进口浓度平均提高4％,吸收率也相应增大为原来的3．575倍。通过变工况试验,得到吸收性能与各种影响因素之间的应变规律,为研制高效吸收器和推进系统小型化提供依据。