共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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采用二氧化钛(TiO_2)纳米粒子对聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜微滤膜(PVDF MF,0.1μm)和实验室自制聚砜中空纤维膜超滤膜(PSF UF,0.05μm)进行表面亲水改性,以期提高膜的抗污染能力.采用膜接触角、纯水通量、出水TOC、膜压差和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行表征了TiO_2动态膜的性能.将TiO_2纳米颗粒改性后的PVDF MF和PSF UF膜应用于膜生物反应器(MBR)处理模拟焦化废水(TOC=500 mg/L),考察了其对MBR过滤性能的影响.实验结果表明,改性后膜的水接触角明显减小,亲水性增强,TMP升高速率明显降低,模拟焦化废水,TOC的去除率平均可达95%,经返洗及次氯酸钠清洗后膜表面TiO_2层外观没有明显变化.改性后的膜组件较显著地增加了MBR的膜抗污染的优势,且具有一定的稳定性.因此,将TiO_2动态改性耐污染膜应用于MBR是可行的. 相似文献
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壳聚糖是一种具有生物相容性、无毒性、抑菌性等诸多优良性能的成膜材料,吸附性的壳聚糖微滤(MF)膜和超滤(UF)膜已在废水污染物的分离方面展示出巨大的应用潜力.但是,壳聚糖膜的机械性能较差、遇酸易水解等缺点限制了它的应用范围.基于壳聚糖分子表面含有丰富的羟基、氨基等活性基团而易于改性的特点,近年来研究人员采用多种方法改变壳聚糖的化学组成及其表面性质,以便使壳聚糖膜适合特定的应用需要.对在废水处理领域有特殊应用的5种改性壳聚糖膜(交联壳聚糖膜、壳聚糖季铵盐复合膜、壳聚糖共混膜、有机-无机杂化壳聚糖膜、香草醛改性壳聚糖膜)的制备方法、原理和应用效果进行了综述,并提出了进一步研究的方向. 相似文献
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为提高分子超微滤膜材料的亲水性、抗污染性能、通量和寿命,降低膜材料制造成本,提出两亲高分子共混改性聚偏氟乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚醚砜膜材料的基础与应用技术研究。研究中,从分子结构设计出发,采用多种活性聚合法合成了一系列具有不同组成和序列结构的两亲高分子,研究了不同组成与序列结构的两亲高分子在成膜过程中的表面富集的规律、两亲高分子在共混膜中的稳定化机制等基础问题;从成膜热力学和动力学出发实现了共混膜多层次微结构的调控,开发出多种两亲高分子合成及其共混超滤膜制备的技术,实现了膜材料规模化生产及其在自来水净化、废水处理及医疗过滤等领域的应用。 相似文献
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为提供解决生物材料血液相容性的有效途径,介绍了起源于细胞膜模拟思想的磷酰胆碱(PC,phosphorylcholine)技术,以及用PC技术来改善生物医用高分子膜表面血液相容性的最新方法,包括属于物理方法的共混改性、表面涂层,属于化学方法的表面接枝、半贯穿聚合物网络.此外,还介绍了两种与PC技术并行的提高生物医用高分子膜血液相容性的方法. 相似文献
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主要介绍了聚丙烯腈及丙烯腈共聚物分离膜的表面改性研究进展,重点在于表面化学改性和表面仿生改性两种方法。 相似文献
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De Bartolo L Morelli S Rende M Salerno S Giorno L Lopez LC Favia P d'Agostino R Drioli E 《Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology》2006,6(8):2344-2353
New strategies aimed to surface modification of polymeric membranes are crucial to optimise cell-biomaterial interactions in vivo and in vitro biohybrid systems. In this paper, we investigated the surface modification of Polyethersulfone (PES) membranes by plasma polymerisation of acrylic acid monomers (PES-pdAA) and by immobilization of galactonic acid through a hydrophilic "spacer arm" molecule (PES-pdAA-SA-GAL). The modification steps were characterised by high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The performance of modified and unmodified membranes was evaluated by assessing the expression of liver specific biotransformation functions of pig and human hepatocytes. Human liver cells cultured on PES-pdAA-SA-GAL membranes displayed an enhanced albumin production, urea synthesis and protein secretion for 24 days of culture. The immobilisation of galactose derivative units on the membrane allowed specific interactions with hepatocytes biomimicking the cellular microenvironment and produced an improvement of the long-term maintenance and differentiation of human hepatocytes. 相似文献
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Mauter MS Wang Y Okemgbo KC Osuji CO Giannelis EP Elimelech M 《ACS applied materials & interfaces》2011,3(8):2861-2868
Ultrafiltration (UF) membranes perform critical pre-treatment functions in advanced water treatment processes. In operational systems, however, biofouling decreases membrane performance and increases the frequency and cost of chemical cleaning. The present work demonstrates a novel technique for covalently or ionically tethering antimicrobial nanoparticles to the surface of UF membranes. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) encapsulated in positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) were reacted with an oxygen plasma modified polysulfone UF membrane with and without 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) present. The nucleophilic primary amines of the PEI react with the electrophilic carboxyl groups on the UF membrane surface to form electrostatic and covalent bonds. The irreversible modification process imparts significant antimicrobial activity to the membrane surface. Post-synthesis functionalization methods, such as the one presented here, maximize the density of nanomaterials at the membrane surface and may provide a more efficient route for fabricating diverse array of reactive nanocomposite membranes. 相似文献
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反渗透复合膜内界面改性对其性能的影响研究--(Ⅰ)性能表征 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用界面改性的方法研究了多孔支撑层/超薄功能层界面性质对反渗透复合膜性能的影响。采用了甲酸、磷酸、盐酸和弱极性试荆异丙醇作为聚砜底膜表面改性试剂。实验结果表明,在实验采用的不同的改性条件下,复合膜的性能都出现了大幅度的提高,改变改性试剂时,复合膜的性能变化有着相似的规律。改变改性试剂的浓度和改性时间有同样的改性效果。 相似文献
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Zhongcai Shao Yuexiu Zhang Haitao Jiang Guangyu Li 《Materials and Manufacturing Processes》2016,31(1):53-61
In this paper, the electrochemical deposition was used to form calcium phosphate/chitosan (Ca-P/chitosan) membranes on the surface of AZ91D magnesium alloy coated with a microarc oxidization (MAO) membrane. The surface appearance, chemical compositions, and crystalline structures of the Ca-P/chitosan membranes were detected by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). They showed that the surface morphology of the membranes had a remarkable modification after introducing chitosan to Ca-P membrane, and the binding force was distinctly increased between the metal substrate and the membrane. The composite membranes were composed of Tricalcium Phosphate (TCP), Dibasic Calcium Phosphate (DCP), and Hydroxyapatite (HAP). Immersion was tested in simulated body fluid (SBF) and the corrosion resistance of the membranes was evaluated by electrochemical measurements. Results exhibit the composite membranes have low corrosion rate and superior stability. 相似文献