具有差异延迟期的群体观点一致行为研究

研究个体在观点变化过程中存在延迟期对群体观点收敛时间和一致性的影响.从复杂系统的角度分析了群体观点演化的自组织特性,包括内部个体的对外界观点考虑和吸收的开放性,以及个体本身在观点变化过程中间存在差异延迟的因素.在此基础上,提出了一种开放性个体存在观点变化延迟期的动态群体观点演化模型.模型中的开放性是群体与外界产生信息交互的先决条件,并通过群体内部个体的特性体现出来.与传统研究中个体始终处于积极与相近观点个体发生交互不同的是,提出延迟期的概念,处于延迟期的个体自我封闭,群体结构通过这种状态的突变发生变化.借助于计算机仿真发现,差异延迟对群体的影响显著.在相同时间内,群体观点的一致性降低;不同延迟差异下,稳定性群体结构的波动也出现变化,并达成一致所用时间延长,结合实例分析验证模型的实效性.     

基于多变异策略与拥挤积距的多目标优化算法

为了进一步提升进化迭代中的群体多样性和分布性,提出一种基于多变异策略与拥挤积距的多目标优化算法(mcMOA)。该算法设计模糊记忆变异算子采集和利用进化中成功变异的尺度信息,以引导后续变异,增强了局部搜索效率。算法采用多变异策略,将模糊记忆变异、多项式变异、非一致性变异3种变异方式有机融入整个进化周期,提升了进化种群的多样性和全局搜索效率。针对拥挤距离不能有效表达个体局部分布性的问题,算法采用个体与相邻个体之间的距离乘积来替代拥挤距离,拥挤积距能有效表示个体的局部密度和局部分布性。通过标准测试函数的仿真实验并与多个采用单变异策略的经典算法比较,新算法在收敛性和分布性方面表现更优。     

基于改进自适应遗传算法的配电网重构

配电网络重构作为智能电网自愈性的一个重要组成部分,在多故障发生的配电网中起着重要的作用,而以往的一些方法在配电网重构中存在着各种不足,本文针对传统自适应遗传算法中交叉和变异环节易早熟现象。提出了一种改进的自适应遗传算法来保护优秀个体,从交叉率和变异率的参数入手,选择一个合适的参数值,淘汰子代中多数劣势个体提高收敛性,有效地保留子代中的优秀个体,同时考虑可操作开关数,使用了二进制编码方式消除了初始种群的不可行解。IEEE33系统的仿真结果表明该算法具有快速的收敛性和适用性。     

群体决策与个体决策过分自信的比较研究

组织的群体决策理念与群体决策时群体极化理论中的风险转移之间存在着分歧。立足于这一分歧,研究采用“沙漠生存”游戏情境来检验个体决策与群体决策时的过分自信和决策质量。对96名被试的研究表明：群体决策在质量上优于个体决策,无论是群体决策还是个体决策都会出现过分自信的现象,群体对群体决策的过分自信程度高于个体对群体决策的过分自信程度。     

基于多子种群和密度估计的高维多目标进化算法的冷轧负荷分配

提出一种基于多子种群和密度估计的高维多目标进化算法,通过生成参考向量来划分子种群,借助收敛性保持机制提高逼近帕累托前沿的程度.该算法通过计算个体与参考向量的欧式距离来评估个体密度,从而保持解集的多样性.数值仿真实验结果表明,该算法所得解集的收敛性和多样性明显优于对比算法.最后,使用该算法对冷轧负荷分配进行高维多目标优化...     

重视小群体特性做好学生工作

辅导员的工作对象是班级内的个体和群体的结合。在实际工作中，有的往往只强调了个体，而忽视丁群体。实际上对群体的工作有事半功倍的效果。一个班的工作做得如何．很大程度上取决于辅导员对班内小群体工作做得如何。     

决策者个性混合群体观点演化的仿真

针对不同个性决策者不同的观点接受度,以Deffuant模型为基础建立基于决策者个性的观点演化规则。经过一系列仿真实验发现,在混合个性的群体中,随着无主见型个体、偏执型个体以及固执型个体数量的增加,群体观点达到一致的步长呈现不同程度的增加,终态观点的一致性程度降低。仿真结果表明决策者个性对群体观点演化影响显著。     

牙鲆GH基因外显子多态性与生长性状关系的初步研究

以一个牙鲆养殖群体中的100个个体为实验材料,根据其生长激素(GH)基因的五个外显子序列设计引物,进行PCR扩增,通过SSCP分析技术对其进行检测,结果表明该群体生长激素基因的第四个外显子存在多态性.共检测到两种基因型,其中AA型个体占88%,AB型个体占12%;DNA测序结果表明,AB型在第1763位发生碱基突变,c→t,与AA型同源性达到99%,同时发现不同基因型的个体在体重和头长上表现出显著的差异(P＜0.05).上述结果表明利用PCR-SSCP技术可以检测到牙鲆生长激素基因外显子部分存在序列遗传多态性,且该多态性与其生长的某些性状具有一定的连锁关系,为将来进行标记辅助选育奠定了基础.     

重大危险源监控人员可靠性研究

依据人的可靠性和可能出现的失误，运用马尔可夫过程和贝叶斯法，导出人的可靠性的数学模型。探讨个体和群体的可靠性，指出由并联个体所构成的群体的可靠性因素，最后给出计算实例。     

仿生群智能算法在生产调度中的应用综述

群智能算法是在观察和研究群居生物群体行为的基础上,提出的人工智能模拟模式,通过模拟群体中多个个体之间的简单协作实现问题的求解。在介绍群智能算法原理的基础上,综述并讨论了其在生产调度中的应用,为未来的研究提供了有意义的借鉴和参考。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

＂Three Transformations＂ and Standardization

During his inspection in Henan Province in May, Chinese President Xi Jinping stressed to ＂push forward the transformation from China Speed to China Quality, from Made in China to Created in China, and from Chinese Products to Chinese Brand＂. The ＂Three Transformations＂ are the specific requirements and goal of China＇s national development in the context that market should play a decisive role in the allocation of resources.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

SAC Delegation Visits AENOR and Signs Cooperation Agreements

正SAC Administrator Tian Shihong led the Chinese delegation to visit the Spanish Association for Standardization and Certification(AENOR)on September 15,2014.Mrs.Begona Cristeto,the Vice-Minister of Industry,Energy and Tourism of Spain,and Mr.Avelino Brito,the President and CEO of AENOR greeted the delegation.The two sides had a deep and friendly discussion on strengthening the cooperation between China and Spain in the standardization field and promoting the standardization work to support the development of economy and trade in the two countries.