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1.
目前鲜见针对H13钢铁稀土渗硼的工艺优化研究。为此,采用自保护膏剂对H13钢进行稀土渗硼试验,运用正交试验法考察了渗硼时间、渗硼温度、稀土含量对渗层厚度、显微组织、显微硬度的影响,从而优选渗硼工艺。结果表明:渗层厚度随着稀土含量的增大先增加后减少,渗硼温度和渗硼时间的增加均可提高渗层厚度。由此得到最优的稀土渗硼工艺参数为:渗硼温度950℃、渗硼时间4 h、稀土含量4%,在此最优工艺下稀土渗硼层厚度达92.1μm,比无稀土渗硼提高约70%;其中,稀土渗硼的高硬度层(大于800 HV)厚度达75μm,比无稀土渗硼提高约1倍,并且显微组织更为致密均匀,渗硼层与基体结合更为紧密。  相似文献   

2.
谢苗  贾凯  王书举  刘治翔  毛君 《材料保护》2021,54(5):98-102
为了改善9P-150型膨化机膨化头的表面耐磨性和耐蚀性,以12Ni马氏体时效钢作为基体,利用固体渗硼和渗后热处理对其表面进行处理,并采用金相、XRD、显微硬度、拉伸、耐蚀性能等方法研究了渗硼及渗硼后热处理对12Ni马氏体时效钢渗硼层组织和性能的影响.结果 表明:渗硼后热处理未改变渗硼层的微观组织(依然为板条马氏体),但会使其微观组织细化,进而使合金的强度和硬度明显提高,具有一定的耐蚀性.  相似文献   

3.
本文系关于矿用牙轮钻头牙爪用钢20CrMo粉末渗硼的初步总结。 1.叙述了采用几种渗剂配方对20CrMo钢的未渗碳试样和先渗碳试样进行探索性的渗硼处理,从而选定了一种合适的渗剂配方; 2.研究了渗硼温度和保温时间对渗硼层深度、组织和膨胀量的影响,并对合金元素在渗层中的分布做了电子探针分析; 3.做了渗剂重复使用的初步试验; 4.讨论了粉末渗硼的反应机理。根据试验结果和综合分析表明,粉末渗硼用于矿用牙轮钻头方面可以期望收到一定的效果。由于这是一项化学热处理新工艺,故值得进一步探索和研究。  相似文献   

4.
张倩倩  陈冲  张聪  马晶博  张程  毛丰 《材料导报》2022,36(4):178-184
本工作利用自熔铸渗技术在ZG45钢表面复合不同硼含量的高铬铸铁铸渗层,研究了硼对高铬铸铁铸渗层组织和性能的影响.利用相图计算软件Thermo-Calc计算分析了不同硼含量下铸渗层的凝固过程,并采用SEM-EDS、XRD和显微硬度仪对不同成分铸渗层的微观组织和硬度进行分析.结果表明:铸渗层与ZG45钢基体达到冶金结合,在结合界面处未观察到微孔洞、微裂纹等缺陷,获得了厚度为10~12 mm的铸渗层.不含硼的铸渗层组织由α-Fe和α-Fe+M7 C3共晶组织组成.加入微量的硼元素后,铸渗层组织主要由α-Fe与α-Fe+M7 C3+M2 B共晶组织组成,与相图计算结果基本吻合.随着硼含量的增加,共晶组织逐渐细化,M7 C3碳化物含量减少,M2 B型硼化物增多,铸渗层硬度逐渐增加.当硼含量为0.72%(质量分数)时,铸渗层硬度最高达到1190HV.对铸态试样进行淬火+低温回火热处理后,铸渗层共晶硼化物与碳化物发生聚集长大,同时在铸渗层基体中伴有二次相的析出,试样铸渗层的洛氏硬度均有提升.热处理试样冲击磨损实验表明,铸渗层磨损表面主要以切削犁沟、疲劳剥层和剥落坑为主,并有少量微小的凿坑.硼含量为0.72%(质量分数)时,试样的抗冲击磨损性能最佳.  相似文献   

5.
把一种或几种元素渗入基体金属(或合金),改变其表层成份和组织,并提高其使用性能的方法,称为表面合金化或化学热处理。化学热处理的原理以及在钢铁基体上渗碳、碳氮共渗、氮化、渗硼、碳氮硼三元共渗、渗硫、硫氮及硫碳氮共渗等,巳在本手册第44篇的化学热处理章中作了介绍。本章只着重介绍渗铝、渗硅、渗钒、渗铬、渗锌  相似文献   

6.
钢材表面经渗硼处理将会提高耐磨性,但同时也使脆性增大并产生剥落现象。采用激光技术通过改变硬化层结构,大幅度改善了表面性能。本文利用各种分析手段,系统地研究了45#钢渗硼层显微组织特征及其变化规律.认为:(1)硬化层脆性化合物明显细化,(2)渗硼层出现了硬度低于硼化铁的组织以及,(3)显微组织在渗硼层的分布合理,导致硬度梯度平缓,是降低渗硼层脆性的主要原因。  相似文献   

7.
钛合金表面阳极微弧等离子体渗硼层的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
缪倩倩  陈海燕  顾伟  蒋永锋  宋亓宁 《材料导报》2018,32(18):3161-3165
采用阳极微弧等离子体技术研究了钛合金表面渗硼层的微观组织和性能。通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能谱仪(EDS)表征分析了渗硼层的表面和截面的微观组织、形貌、相结构、渗层元素分布。借助摩擦磨损试验机测试了渗硼层的耐磨性,运用电化学工作站对渗硼后的TC4材料进行了耐腐蚀性测试。结果表明,钛合金表面阳极微弧等离子体渗硼技术制备的渗硼层连续致密。渗硼层主要由金属间化合物TiB2和TiB组成,其与氧化层共同作用,能显著提高钛合金表面的耐磨性。渗硼后的TC4钛合金耐腐蚀性较基体有所降低。表面阳极微弧等离子体技术是一种新型的钛合金表面改性方法。  相似文献   

8.
综述了国内外钛金属表面渗硼强化技术的研究及其应用现状,总结并对比了钛金属渗硼方法及相应渗层的组织结构和力学性能,提出了相应的改进方向,重点讨论了Ti-B系扩散机理研究成果,归纳出Ti-B系互扩散反应的基本规律,最后展望了TiB2表面渗硼材料的应用前景.  相似文献   

9.
研究了固体硼碳共渗及复合渗技术工艺参数对12Cr13马氏体不锈钢的组织和性能的影响。共渗方面对12Cr13钢进行不同硼碳比例的固体硼碳共渗热处理;复合渗方面对12Cr13马氏体不锈钢先进行固体渗碳,然后再进行渗硼处理,得出最优的复合渗参数。对最优参数下的共渗及复合渗12Cr13马氏体不锈钢试样进行显微硬度、XRD物相结构、电化学下耐腐蚀和摩擦磨损性能检测分析。结果表明:共渗温度950℃、共渗6 h条件下,硼碳共渗最优渗剂硼碳比为6∶4;化学渗6 h条件下,硼碳复合渗最优参数为950℃渗碳,950℃渗硼;硼碳共渗和复合渗试件经过最终热处理(淬火+低温回火)后,表层组织硬度最高可达1 507.3 HV0.98 N,心部硬度为420.6 HV0.98 N,最优参数下硼碳共渗及复合渗渗层厚度分别为976μm和1 125μm;电化学测试表明硼碳共渗和硼碳复合渗处理后材料的耐蚀性有所提高,共渗腐蚀电位为-0.578 V,复合渗为-0.582 V。磨损试验显示硼碳共渗和硼碳复合渗后经化学热处理可以显著提高12Cr13马氏体不锈钢的耐磨性能。  相似文献   

10.
前言所谓渗硼就是向金属材料中渗入硼,使材料表面形成非常硬的硼化合物层及硼的扩散层的方法. 根据铁——硼相图可知,在适当条件下,渗硼后,表面可得到Fe_2B FeB或Fe_2B组织. 由于渗硼层具有很高的硬度(Hv 1200~2300),因而其耐磨性极高,远非一般表面化学热处理(如渗碳、渗氮、碳氮共渗等)所能比拟;而且还具有抗高温(850℃)氧化性和对硫酸、盐酸、磷酸、碱类等的一定耐蚀性.用铬钢渗硼还可有效地提高其疲劳强度.正是由于渗硼这一新工艺具有这样一些优点,从而日益引起了各方面的注意. 渗硼用在热锻模、冷拔模、压铸模上效果较好,尤其是对于石油、采矿工业中的高压阀门闸板、泥浆泵、深井泵的缸套等效果更好.此外,还可以普通碳钢渗硼代高合金钢.目前从国内外渗硼的实际应用情况看,  相似文献   

11.
The fatigue strength and wear resistance of steels St. 3, P-1, EI-802, and EI-612 after vacuum-diffusion chromizing, siliciding and boriding was studied. It was shown that the wear resistance of carbon steels is increased more than 20-fold by boriding, being approximately doubled by chromizing, and increased 1.3 times by siliciding. Of the alloy steels, only steel EI-612 has its wear resistance increased by vacuum chromizing. The fatigue strength was reduced in every case by 20–50%.  相似文献   

12.
Titanium metal and some of its alloys of the type Ti-Al-Me (Me=transition metal) were submitted to plasma nitriding. The resulting compound layer was examined by optical microscopy and by XR diffraction in order to establish both its microstructure and texture degree under different nitriding conditions. To this aim a texture evaluation method was employed, which was formerly devised and applied on surface layers obtained by boriding of steels. In these nitrided layers the Ti2N nitride was clearly textured while the TiN did not show an appreciable degree of preferred orientation of crystals. The influence of process conditions and alloy composition on the compound layer texture is discussed.  相似文献   

13.
The corrosion of mild steels by liquid aluminum is an intractable issue in aluminum industry.This review aims to provide an overview of the corrosion behavior of mild steels in the static liquid aluminum with an emphasis on the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects.The corrosion mechanisms of mild steels in liquid aluminum are discussed systematically,based on which four corrosion control approaches including alloying,introducing secondary phase,matrix microstructure control and surface treatment are introduced.Currently,a combination of improvement approaches may have a great potential for further enhancement in corrosion resistance.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

The effect of boronising on N80 steel tube was investigated by pack boriding. During the present investigation, microstructures of boride layer and substrate, hardness, mechanical properties, wear and corrosion were examined. In order to improve the tensile properties of the steel substrate after boronising, four different cooling methods were employed including annealing, air cooling, fan cooling and fan cooling with a graphite bar in the centre of boriding agent. Among these methods, the fan cooling with a graphite bar in the centre of the boriding agent makes the microstructure of ferrite and pearlite finest and the mechanical properties highest, in accordance with the mechanical properties required by API SPEC 5L. The borided N80 steel showed a better wear resistance at an applied load of 50 N with a sliding velocity of 0˙785 m s–1, it also displayed a better corrosion resistance in both H2SO4 and HCl acid environments.  相似文献   

15.
刘越  马煜林  郭浩  刘春明 《材料导报》2015,29(13):18-23, 28
介绍了铁素体耐热钢的发展历程,综述了第四代耐热钢的国内外发展研究现状,重点介绍了Co和B元素对新型耐热钢组织性能的影响规律,指出优化合金元素含量提升新型耐热钢的蠕变性能和降低成本是未来发展方向。  相似文献   

16.
Residual stresses in surface layers of technical-purity iron and 1Cr13 and C12 steels after nitriding, carburizing, and boriding were studied. It was established that the magnitude and character of residual stresses depsnds largely on the composition of the steel, case-hardening treatment conditions, and subsequent heat treatment. The possibility was demonstrated of mixed surface saturation of technical grade iron with carbon and boron under conditions ensuring the formation of very hard surface layers strongly adhering to the substrate metal.  相似文献   

17.
A computational approach to the optimization of service properties of two-phase materials (in this case, fracture resistance of tool steels) by varying their microstructure is developed. The main points of the optimization of steels are as follows: (1) numerical simulation of crack initiation and growth in real microstructures of materials with the use of the multiphase finite elements (MPFE) and the element elimination technique (EET), (2) simulation of crack growth in idealized quasi-real microstructures (net-like, band-like and random distributions of the primary carbides in the steels) and (3) the comparison of fracture resistances of different microstructures and (4) the development of recommendations to the improvement of the fracture toughness of steels. The fracture toughness and the fractal dimension of a fracture surface are determined numerically for each microstructure. It is shown that the fracture resistance of the steels with finer microstructures is sufficiently higher than that for coarse microstructures. Three main mechanisms of increasing fracture toughness of steels by varying the carbide distribution are identified: crack deflection by carbide layers perpendicular to the initial crack direction, crack growth along the network of carbides and crack branching caused by damage initiation at random sites.  相似文献   

18.
Type 17-4 PH martensitic precipitation-hardenable stainless steel, having a combination of high mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance is widely used in aerospace, chemical, and petrochemical and food industries This alloy has a high resistance to stress corrosion cracking but age hardening treatment, increases its sensitivity to stress corrosion cracking. There are several works investigating the influence of different aging treatments on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 17-4 PH steels, however there are little works studying the simultaneous effects of aging treatments and molybdenum content on corrosion properties of these steels. In this research, the effect of molybdenum on stress corrosion cracking resistance of 17-4 PH alloy using U-bend samples in chloride solutions, as well as its effect on passivity, has been investigated. Quantometer, Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) and potentiostat were used to determine the chemical composition, microstructure and anodic polarization behavior of the alloys. It is found that molybdenum has a useful effect on stress corrosion cracking resistance under the peak aged conditions, and this is because of development of delta-ferrite phase by increasing the molybdenum content and subsequently decreasing the strength of the alloy.  相似文献   

19.
钛及其合金作为21世纪重要的结构材料,具有抗腐蚀、熔点高、密度小、比强度高、无磁性及生物相容性等优点,但表面硬度低、耐磨性差、摩擦系数大,严重限制了其应用范围.熔盐电解法渗硼作为一种金属表面改性技术,具有成本低廉、效果明显等优点,可有效提高钛及其合金的表面硬度和耐磨性.综述了熔盐电解法渗硼的研究现状,从渗硼的工艺参数、机理、热力学和动力学方面进行了分析.综合双相硼化物(TiB和TiB2)渗层的生长动力学的研究结论,可以看出渗硼问题的核心就是活性B原子在固相的扩散,因此研究近相变温度下B原子的扩散行为对渗硼过程尤为重要.  相似文献   

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