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1.
Does relationship marketing exist in cyberspace? 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Abstract and Key Results
This project was supported by the Hong Kong University Grants Council (G-V639). 相似文献
| – | ▪ A central tenet of relationship marketing is that exchanges can be classified on a continuum ranging from episodic transactions to relational exchanges embedded in social bonds. |
| – | ▪ The aim of this study is to assess whether the unique transacting properties of the Internet (e.g., interactivity, connectivity) promote or hinder the development of exchange relationships. |
| – | ▪ The study reveals that exchanges conducted in unregulated cyber-markets are invested with similar expectations and norms regarding cooperative behavior as more traditional marketplace exchanges. |
2.
Toru Yoshikawa Abdul A. Rasheed Deepak K. Datta Joseph Rosenstein 《Management International Review》2006,46(5):529-555
Abstract and Key Results
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| – | ▪ Growing financial and product market integration has resulted in increased pressures for changes in most developed economies. We investigate the impact of these twin drivers on changes effected by Japanese firms between 1986 and 1999. |
| – | ▪ Specifically, we examine (1) how shareholdings by market investors and foreign investors and (2) export ratio impact outcomes in the form of efficiency increases, dividend payout, and leverage change. |
| – | ▪ We also investigate whether the relationships differ between keiretsu and nonkeiretsu firms. |
| – | ▪ Ownership by market investors was positively associated with efficiency increases and decreases in firm leverage. In addition, firm export ratio played a key role in motivating Japanese firms to increase their efficiency and firm leverage. Moreover, these relationships were more pronounced in non-keiretsu than keiretsu firms. |
3.
Lei Li 《Management International Review》2008,48(1):39-64
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | This paper addresses production function and technical efficiency in the context of multinational enterprises (MNEs). It applies the stochastic frontier production function technique (SFPF) to investigating a sample of U.S. manufacturing MNEs and finds that an MNE normally encounters two phases of “liability of internationalization” in the course of international expansion. In addition, it shows that the firms with intensive investment in R&D and advertising development tend to alleviate or even avoid the “liability of internationalization” and enjoy a prolonged period of effective international expansion. |
| • | The relationship between multinationality and meta production frontier (as well as technical efficiency) exhibits an upward horizontal S-curved relationship. |
| • | R&D and advertising intensity (RDAI) positively affects the relationship between multinationality and meta production frontier (as well as technical efficiency). In the case of very high RDAI, the S-curve transforms itself into an upward monotonous curve. |
4.
Abstract and Key Results
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| – | ▪ The present study empirically investigates employee reward preferences in the cross-national context using a sample drawn from 60 companies in two culturally distinct countries, Finland and China (Hong Kong). |
| – | ▪ The results underscore the benefits of adopting a total reward management approach which includes a mix of financial and non-financial rewards. |
| – | ▪ We found that a fuller appreciation of reward preferences entails consideration of employee characteristics and other contextual factors beyond culture. |
5.
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | MNEs are moving away from a ‘centralised hub’ to a ‘multi-hub’ network of R&D units. Using evidence from European pharmaceutical MNEs, this study analyses the challenges associated with promoting and integrating knowledge flows in multi-hub R&D organisational structures. |
| • | While these new structures provide greater potential for cross-fertilization of technologies and access to location-specific competences, firms also need to overcome greater levels of inter-unit geographical, organisational and technological distance. Firms also suffer from organisational inertia, which further hinders lateral communication and inter-unit knowledge transfer. |
| • | There are important variations in the way in which integrated network structures have been implemented, but in general, these new structures have increased the need for coordination mechanisms, but ironically most companies have reduced or eliminated this ‘traditional’ headquarters function. |
| • | While socialization mechanisms help to overcome some of these bottlenecks, there remain a number of obstacles in optimising knowledge flows in physically and technologically dispersed R&D facilities. |
6.
Abstract and Key Results
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| • | Using a dataset of 139 R&D laboratories located in 21 countries, this study empirically tests whether a fit among R&D laboratory mission and national culture impacts R&D performance. |
| • | Specifically, we assume that some cultures possess a natural advantage when it comes to capability augmenting tasks, while other cultures are better suited to host capability exploiting tasks. |
| • | Where the mission of the laboratory is capability exploiting, our results support a positive effect of culture-mission alignment. However, no relationship between mission-culture alignment and performance can be found in case of capability augmenting laboratories. |
7.
Knowledge-related competitiveness and the roles of multinationals’ R&D in a peripheral European economy: Survey analysis of Greece 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
Dimitris Manolopoulos Marina Papanastassiou Robert Pearce 《Management International Review》2007,47(5):661-682
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | The paper analyses survey evidence on foreign firms’ R&D in Greece, in the light of recently derived perceptions of decentralisation of knowledge-related activities in MNEs’ strategic programmes. |
| • | We investigate various aspects of MNEs’ knowledge-related competitiveness in an intermediate-level economy. We examine the nature, extent and influences of R&D positioning. We also test empirically the relationship between subsidiaries’ strategic motivations and the different roles allocated to R&D departments. |
| • | In the main, the results meet expectations for a middle-income peripheral European economy. Original development work is at significant levels. However, adaptation of existing technologies to local conditions is still the primary aim of R&D in MNE subsidiaries in Greece. There are clear signs of integration/interdependence of work in R&D labs with other parts of MNE networks. The survey evidence also confirms that subsidiaries’ roles are a decisive factor determining the type of overseas labs. |
8.
Autonomy of foreign R&D units in an emerging market: An information processing perspective 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Yadong Luo 《Management International Review》2006,46(3):349-378
The
相似文献
| – | This study uses an information processing view to assess how autonomy of foreign R&D units in a major emerging market is influenced by the organizational and environmental conditions they face. |
| – | We argue that specification of the autonomy is an optimal decision requiring a balance between the costs of information processing capacity and the needs of information processing for performing R&D tasks. |
9.
L. Vasil’ev D. Nikanpour A. Antukh K. Snelson L. Vasil’ev A. Lebru 《Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics》1999,72(3):572-577
Conclusions The conclusions are summarized as follows:
Finally the advantage of no moving parts makes this cooler/heater attractive for space and domestic applications.
Academic Scientific Complex “A. V. Luikov Institute of Heat and Mass Transfer of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus,”
Minsk. Published in Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 72, No. 3, pp. 595–600, May–June, 1999. 相似文献
| – | • The operation of a new three-salt-carbon chemical heat pump was experimentally verified. |
| – | • A heat output of 1.5 kW was tested with a temperature lift near 100°C with a COP equal to 1.44 without heat recovery. |
| – | • With heat-pipe heat recovery the COP of this system can be increased to 1.62. |
| – | • The efficiency of this heat pump can be increased if for the bottom cycle a condenser and a capillary pumped evaporator are used. |
| – | • To increase the cycle efficiency it is necessary to improve the design of the adsorber, increase the number of salts with different temperature lifts, and use a convective mode for sorbent-bed heating. |
| – | • A four-salt heat pump could potentially be used to increase the COP of the system further, provided other parasitic losses can be reduced. |
10.
The importance of language in international knowledge transfer 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract and Key Results
相似文献
| • | In this article, we examine the effects of language on the transfer of knowledge within multinational companies. We unbundle language from the culture box and use the basic communication model to show how language affects all stages. |
| • | We also examine a range of influences — cost, transfer medium, teams, networks, trust, staff movements and motivation — on international knowledge transfer to demonstrate how language effects their operation. |
| • | We develop the concept of language as a “reconfiguration agent” to explain its extensive, pervasive, on-going and system-altering characteristics. |