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1.
基于本征正交分解的谱表示法模拟风场的误差   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
胡亮  顾明  李黎 《振动与冲击》2011,30(4):12-15
推导了本征正交分解(Proper Orthogonal Decomposition,POD)型谱表示法模拟所得平稳正态脉动风场的偏度误差和随机误差.从POD型谱表示法的模拟公式出发,推导了Ⅳ变量风场模拟结果序列的样本均值、相关函数、功率谱函数和根方差等前二阶矩统计特征的时域估计表达式;并证明了时域估计相关函数是正态过程,功率谱函数为非正态随机过程.进一步,计算上述样本时域估计二阶矩特征的均值和根方差,即得到了POD型谱表示法模拟所得风场的各统计量时域估计的偏度误差和随机误差,并以此给出了误差计算的通式.算例中统计误差和理论误差值的对比验证了所推导的解析解.  相似文献   

2.
谱表示法模拟风场的误差分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
胡亮  李黎  樊剑  方秦汉 《振动与冲击》2007,26(4):51-57,108
研究了原型谱表示法模拟的非各态历经性多变量风场的统计矩的时域估计值和目标值之间误差的概率描述。基于原型谱表示法的模拟公式,以三变量风场为例,导出了模拟结果的均值、相关函数、功率谱密度函数和根方差等四项统计特征的单样本时域估计表达式,它们是随机变量或随机过程。运用概率论的计算方法,推导出了上述随机变量或过程的前二阶矩的解析表达式,得到了模拟风场的统计特征时域估计的偏度误差和随机误差。将三变量过程的结果加以推广,给出了误差计算的通式。通过算例中统计误差值和理论误差值的对比,验证解析解的正确性。探讨了可能的降低随机误差的方法。求得的误差闭合解将有利于结合误差传播理论进行可靠性分析。  相似文献   

3.
近场声全息(NAH)中减少测量点数的研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
近场声全息(NAH)是一种进行噪声源分析的有效工具。但要获得较高的重建精度必须在全息面上大孔径范围内进行密集的数据采集,需要大量的测量点,测量任务十分繁重。因此在保证重建精度的前提下研究如何有效地减少全息面测量点数对NAH的意义十分重大。在总结前人工作的基础上,提出了一种利用支持向量回归对全息面进行插值的方法。该方法可以在全息面传声器数目较少时通过插值提高重建精度,因而可大幅地减少全息面的测量点数。对于两个矩形板声辐射数值计算中减少的测量点数都可高于70%,并得到了其它有意义的结论,达到了保证重建精度的前提下有效地减少全息面测量点数的研究目的。  相似文献   

4.
近场声全息要获得较高的重建精度必须在全息面上大孔径范围内进行密集的数据采集,需要大量的测量点,测量任务十分繁重。因此在保证重建精度的前提下研究如何有效地减少全息面测量点数对NAH的意义十分重大。提出一种利用支持向量回归对全息面进行插值的方法,该方法可以在全息面传声器数目较少时通过插值提高重建精度,因而可大幅地减少全息面的测量点数。试验表明该方法是有效的。  相似文献   

5.
不确定度评定中常需对功率失配的不确定度进行评定,这就需要我们了解其误差限。实际情况中,有多种功率失配误差限的表达方式,它们的本质相同,形式不同,故在此做一下分析和总结。  相似文献   

6.
针对近场声全息(near-field acoustic holography, NAH)在实际测量环境下降低环境噪声的影响且保证全息面上声压重建精度的需求,基于空间面积分声压重建理论,在基于等效源法的近场声全息方法(near-field acoustic holography based on equivalent source method, NAH-ESM)基础上,利用Newton插值和克希荷夫积分的声压重构方法提出一种双层插值NAH噪声源定位方法。由少量麦克风测量点数据,重构多个全息面上任意位置点的声压值及声矢量,实现噪声源定位,进而重构噪声源。最后结合噪声源重构结果建立噪声源等效模型,通过实地测量,建立某制氧厂主厂房噪声数值仿真,仿真结果与实测值误差在5%以内。通过实验证明在一定复杂环境下,该方法能有效提高噪声源定位效率及精度。  相似文献   

7.
基于波叠加与统计最优近场声全息的单面声场分离技术   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
基于空间声场变换的近场声全息以及统计最优近场声全息都要求全息面一侧的声场必须为自由声场。为了克服应用上的局限性,提出了一种波叠加方法和统计最优近场声全息相结合的方法。针对现有的双全息面声场分离技术需要在两个全息面上进行声压测量,效率较低的问题,首先采用波叠加算法根据全息面上的声压重构出某个重建面上的声压,然后利用全息面和重建面的声压数据采用统计最优近场声全息技术分离出全息面某一侧声源在全息面上单独产生的声学量,从而以更少的测点数在全息面两侧都存在声源的情况下实现空间声场分离。实验和数值仿真验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。  相似文献   

8.
通过对示值误差的分析,揭示出其期望就是该仪器的系统误差,其平均值就是该仪器系统误差的无偏估计;并推导出示值误差的不确定度传播规律,揭示了示值误差的不确定度与测量仪器本身无关,只与相应真值替换值的不确定度和测量的随机误差的方差有关.  相似文献   

9.
失配误差是无线电测量中的一项主要误差,通常认为它服从反正弦分布。本文利用计算机仿真技术研究了失配误差的分布形式,仿真结果表明失配误差只在反射参数的测量误差可以忽略的情形下服从反正弦分布,因而工程估算法存在一定的误差。同时研究了矢量修正后失配误差的分布形式及修正结果引入的不确定度。  相似文献   

10.
为有效解决近场声全息(Near-field Acoustic Holograph,NAH)技术在水下振动声源识别方法中面临不适定性问题,将平面NAH技术的声源识别过程转化为线性系统的求解过程,探明声源识别中不适定性问题产生的根源,考虑全息面测量声压和传递矩阵均存在误差,提出牛顿迭代的总体最小二乘(NTLS)正则化方法稳定NAH重建过程。新方法以TLS正则化算法为基础建立目标函数,将目标函数改化为具有凸函数的性质;然后采用具有二阶收敛速度牛顿迭代法求解;基于L曲线法特性,提出自适应迭代方法确定正则化参数。开展了NAH仿真和试验研究,提出构建良态传递矩阵的策略,最终验证了NTLS正则化的NAH技术在水下振动声源识别和定位中具有较好的精度。  相似文献   

11.
We report on the main results of a collaborative work devoted to the study of the uncertainties associated with Digital image correlation techniques (DIC). More specifically, the dependence of displacement measurement uncertainties with both image characteristics and DIC parameters is emphasised. A previous work [Bornert et al. (2009) Assessment of digital image correlation measurement errors: methodology and results. Exp. Mech. 49, 353–370] dedicated to situations with spatially fluctuating displacement fields demonstrated the existence of an ‘ultimate error’ regime, insensitive to the mismatch between the shape function and the real displacement field. The present work is focused on this ultimate error. To ensure that there is no mismatch error, synthetic images of in‐plane rigid body translation have been analysed. Several DIC softwares developed by or in use in the French community have been used to explore the effects of a large number of settings. The discrepancies between DIC evaluated displacements and prescribed ones have been statistically analysed in terms of random errors and systematic bias, in correlation with the fractional part τ of the displacement component expressed in pixels. Main results are as follows: (i) bias amplitude is almost always insensitive to subset size, (ii) standard deviation of random error increases with noise level and decreases with subset size and (iii) DIC formulations can be split up into two main families regarding bias sensitivity to noise. For the first one, bias amplitude increases with noise while it remains nearly constant for the second one. In addition, for the first family, a strong dependence of random error with τ is observed for noisy images.  相似文献   

12.
This paper assesses the predictive accuracy of various analytical models and one numerical model (a CART-ANFIS network) of springback that are available with the existing literature using the mean square error and its decomposition into systematic and random components as a comparative measure of predictive accuracy. The numerical model was found to have no systematic bias in the springback predictions made, whilst for the analytical models the systematic bias accounted for about 11% of the mean square error. The CART-ANFIS network also had the smallest MSE and the prediction errors made were all random in nature. The paper ends by giving some illustrations of the CART-ANFIS numerical model in finding the proper die contour to correct for springback so as to achieve right first-time manufacturing for a wide range of sheet steels.  相似文献   

13.
The uniformity test of biases for analytical methods must address uncertainties in the reference method. If the uncertainty associated with the estimates of true values is significant but ignored in the test of bias equality, the type I error can exceed the prespecified error rate. In general, when biases at each concentration level are confounded with a random component (confounding bias), the usual test of bias equality tests the uniformity of the combined bias, rather than the uniformity of fixed bias-the bias without the random component. Based on a confounding model that takes both the fixed and the confounding biases into account, the actual type I error rate of the uniformity test can be calculated. To eliminate the impact of confounding bias on the uniformity test of fixed biases, a new F'-test is proposed. The new F'-test is simply adding a correction factor to the conventional F-test. The correction factor is directly related to the uncertainty associated with the estimates of true values. A simulation study is conducted to show that the proposed test can bring the type I error rate down to the prespecified level. Data from two aldehyde methods are used to demonstrate how the proposed F'-test works. Recommendations on optimal sample allocation are also provided.  相似文献   

14.
For the optimization under uncertainty problem, there has been recent interest in coupling trust-region methods with surrogate surfaces or function approximations. There are many theoretical and statistical issues that must be carefully considered in following such an approach. Herein, the Nadaraya-Watson estimator is used for the smooth function approximation, and the effects of observation noise and random sampling on estimator error are examined. For the fundamental optimization problem where the exact function is quadratic, analytical results are derived for the mean-square error of the difference and gradient of the function. It is also shown how these statistics are related to the trust-region method, how the analytical results can be used to determine the bandwidth of the kernel of the estimator, and how third-order terms can affect the error statistics.  相似文献   

15.
One way to solve the problem of measurement precision caused by deformity for thermal expansion,friction and load etc is to use an inertial sensor to measure a change in the length of the rod on a parallel machine.However,the characteristic of dynamic measurement in the inertial sensing system and the effects of the machine's working environment,bias error,misalignment and wide band random noise in inertial measurement data results in the inaccuracy of system measurement.Therefore,on the basis of the measur...  相似文献   

16.
光斑质心亚像素定位误差的实验研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
根据误差的来源将光斑质心亚像素定位误差归类为随机误差和系统误差,提出一种简单有效的实验方法对光斑质心定位误差进行定量测试.利用高精度一维电动平移台、POINT GREY Flea2-14S3 CCD相机和LED光源构建了测试系统,对测试结果进行研究和讨论,发现了测试系统LED光斑质心定位系统误差的周期性变化规律,计算得到了基于Flea2-14S3 CCD相机的光斑质心定位随机误差为0.018 pixels,系统误差为0.06 pixels,总体误差为0.063 pixels(约1/15 pixels),能够应用于以光斑质心检测为手段的测量系统中.实验表明,该测试系统可以作为估算光斑质心定位误差大小的一种有效的手段.  相似文献   

17.
高精度光纤陀螺信号的在线建模与滤波   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
王立冬  张春熹 《光电工程》2007,34(1):1-3,58
针对高精度光纤陀螺随机误差,在分析其一般时间序列模型的基础上,提出了一种改进型二阶自回归AR(2)模型,可以在线建立光纤陀螺随机误差模型.根据该模型,采用卡尔曼滤波算法,实现了光纤陀螺惯导系统在对准与导航过程中光纤陀螺随机误差的实时滤波.滤波结果和Allan方差分析证明,光纤陀螺信号中角随机游走、零偏不稳定性、速率随机游走、速率斜坡和量化噪声五项噪声源误差系数都小于滤波前的二分之一,有效减小了光纤陀螺随机误差,提高了光纤陀螺精度.  相似文献   

18.
This paper considers the inverse problem in electrical impedance tomography with non‐informative prior information on the required conductivity function. The problem is approached with a Newton‐type iterative algorithm where the solution of the linearized approximation is estimated using Bayesian inference. The novelty of this work focuses on maximum a posteriori estimation assuming a model that incorporates the linearization error as a random variable. From an analytical expression of this term, we employ Monte Carlo simulation in order to characterize its probability distribution function. This simulation entails sampling an improper prior distribution for which we propose a stable scheme on the basis of QR decomposition. The simulation statistics show that the error on the linearized model is not Gaussian, however, to maintain computational tractability, we derive the posterior probability density function of the solution by imposing a Gaussian kernel approximation to the error density. Numerical results obtained through this approach indicate the superiority of the new model and its respective maximum a posteriori estimator against the conventional one that neglects the impact of the linearization error. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

19.
微型航姿系统中三轴MEMS加速度计组合误差建模方法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
根据微机械(MEMS)加速度计的测鲢原理对其误差源进行了分析,并研究了微型航姿系统中加速度计的非正交零偏以及温度特性.基于加速度计输出电压随温度变化的规律,利用分温度段对加速度计进行六位置标定的方法建立加速度计的误差模型,并应用于微型航姿系统,实现加速度计的实时补偿.多次实验结果表明,加速度计的误差模型校正了加速度计的...  相似文献   

20.
This paper proposes a generalized pointwise bias error bounds estimation method for polynomial‐based response surface approximations when bias errors are substantial. A relaxation parameter is introduced to account for inconsistencies between the data and the assumed true model. The method is demonstrated with a polynomial example where the model is a quadratic polynomial while the true function is assumed to be cubic polynomial. The effect of relaxation parameter is studied. It is demonstrated that when bias errors dominate, the bias error bounds characterize the actual error field better than the standard error. The bias error bound estimates also help to identify regions in the design space where the accuracy of the response surface approximations is inadequate. It is demonstrated that this information can be utilized for adaptive sampling in order to improve accuracy in such regions. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

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