首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
以镍为催化剂,通过控制碳源气体乙炔的流速,在1 013 K-1 053 K温度下,制备了纤维截面形状在生长过程中由扁平形变为圆形的螺旋炭纤维,同时螺旋直径也相应的由4.2 μm变化为6.0 μm,这种变截面螺旋炭纤维的发现,为微机械系统提供了一种新型弹簧.提出了变截面螺旋炭纤维的生长机理,认为催化剂颗粒的各向异性不仅影响螺旋炭纤维螺径的大小,还影响纤维的截面形状.随着生长过程中反应条件的改变,催化剂各向异性也发生改变,长方形催化剂既可以生长扁平形也可以生长圆形截面螺旋形炭纤维,但是立方形催化剂只能生长圆形截面螺旋形炭纤维.该机制的提出不仅有助于加深对双螺旋炭纤维生长本质的认识,还对指导螺旋形炭纤维的控制生长具有重要意义.  相似文献   

2.
采用溶剂热法合成出硫化镍,并将其作为催化剂,催化热解乙炔制备出微螺旋炭纤维.通过SEM、FT-IR和XRD分析了催化剂和微螺旋炭纤维的形貌和微观结构.结果表明:硫化镍催化颗粒表面光滑、为规则的六方相结构,直径为1~2μm;微螺旋炭纤维具有双螺旋结构,截面为矩形,具有相同的螺径.微螺旋炭纤维分子结构中既含有不饱和的C=C双键,又含有饱和的CH2和CH3基团,其微观结构整体有序度较差,存在一定量的无定型炭和晶体缺陷,石墨化度低.  相似文献   

3.
螺旋形碳纤维的制备及其生长机理的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
近年来螺旋形碳纤维的制备方法主要是化学气相沉积法 (CVD法 )。这种螺旋形碳纤维大多以镍为催化剂 ,以乙炔为碳源 ,含硫化合物为助催化剂 ,反应温度为 70 0~ 85 0℃。本文综述了不同螺旋直径的螺旋形碳纤维的制备 ,并论述了相关生长机理  相似文献   

4.
以乙炔为碳源,镍粉为催化剂,噻吩为助催化剂,采用化学气相沉积法制备微螺旋炭纤维;在氩气气氛中,2500℃下对所制微螺旋炭纤维进行石墨化处理.通过扫描电子显微镜观察微螺旋炭纤维的螺旋形貌和微观结构,用热重法研究微螺旋炭纤维的耐氧化性能,并探讨了微螺旋炭纤维的氧化动力学行为.结果表明:石墨化处理对微螺旋炭纤维具有显著的纯化作用,其螺旋形貌基本保持不变.微螺旋炭纤维的氧化反应较好地服从一级反应.微螺旋炭纤维石墨化前后的氧化反应活化能分别为263.004kJ/mol和297.191kJ/mol.石墨化处理明显提了微螺旋炭纤维的抗氧化性能.  相似文献   

5.
用基板法以乙炔为碳源,镍板为催化剂,PCI3为助催化剂,通过化学气相沉积制备螺旋形碳纤维手性吸收剂,反应设备为卧式气相沉积炉。制备的工艺参数为:反应温度650~700℃,氩气流量20~40ml/min,乙炔气流量20~30ml/min,氢气流量50~70ml/min,PCI3流量为0.03~0.05ml/min。为了研究螺旋形碳纤维的生长过程和生长机理,详细研究了螺旋形碳纤维不同生长阶段的微观结构和形貌,探讨了螺旋形碳纤维的生长机理,螺旋形碳纤维是一种非常有发展前景的手性吸收剂和吸波材料。  相似文献   

6.
以Fe2O3粉末为催化剂,N2,H2混合气体为等离子工作气,常压条件下裂解甲烷制得不同类型的纳米炭纤维.利用SEM、TEM、热重、XRD和拉曼光谱等表征手段揭示甲烷流量对纳米炭纤维(CNFs)形貌、纯度和结晶度的影响.结果表明:甲烷流量为0.3m3/h时,产物形貌为结晶度良好的空心套杯状纳米炭纤维,甲烷流量加大至0.5...  相似文献   

7.
讨论了在负压沉积条件下基体法制备气相炭纤维时,催化剂种类和反应温度的变化对气相生长炭纤维形态的影响。通过实验发现温度和催化剂的种类对气相生长炭纤维的形态有较大的影响。在同一温度下,分别采用铁基催化剂和镍基催化剂生长出的炭纤维具有相当大的差异,这种差异与溶解在金属催化剂液相中的碳原子从金属液界面的析出模式直接相关,当整个胞晶界面都均匀地析出碳原子时为实心炭纤维,而主要沿胞晶界面的外环析出时为中空炭纤维;在实验条件下铁基催化剂生成的是实心纤维而镍基催化剂生成的是中空纤维。即使采用同一种镍基催化剂,在不同的反应温度下,也将生成不同形状的纤维。在低温下生成的是中空纤维,而在高温下生成的是树枝状的二次分叉纳米纤维。同样,铁基催化剂在低温下生成均匀光滑的连续纤维,而高温下生成的是较细且具有分叉结构的纤维。更进一步的机理分析表明气相生长炭纤维的这种分叉形态与头部的金属催化剂液相的稳定形态相关。铁基与镍基催化剂的金属形态在低温下是相对稳定的,但温度升高后,催化剂液相界面形态变得不稳定,进而导致产生分岐结构,故生成了分叉的炭纤维。  相似文献   

8.
无钯催化铜包覆纳米炭纤维新方法的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
纳米炭纤维表面包覆上金属铜,可获得新型纳米复合功能材料.研究了利用化学方法,以Cu2 为单质铜来源,锌粉为还原剂,不用贵重金属钯做催化剂,直接在硝酸处理后的纳米炭纤维上包覆铜的新方法.初步分析了镀液中加入引发剂T在纤维表面镀铜的机理;探讨了CuSO4·5H2O的用量、锌粉浓度、施镀温度、施镀时间、配位体种类、用量及引发剂等因素对纤维表面铜包覆层质量的影响,得到了优化的工艺条件:CuSO4·5H2O 6.5 g/L,锌粉1.7 g/L,甘油133 mL/L,乙二醇90 mL/L,酒石酸钾钠8.5 g/L,引发剂T 3.5 g/L,于室温下反应1 h.SEM观察发现,纳米炭纤维表面包覆层较为均匀;EDS表征证实,包覆层确实为铜.  相似文献   

9.
基于石墨/炭纳米纤维(GNFs)的克量级(>1 g)制备及其特征表征,通过苯的喷雾热解制备了GNFs,并采用XRD,TEM及SEM对GNFs进行了表征.结果表明:高产率GNFs的最佳生长条件是:喷管内径~0.52mm,苯液流量~5 mL/min,反应温度~750℃,载气H2流量~1 500 mL/min.所制GNFs的典型长度和直径分别为~60um和~250 nm,大部分GNFs样品呈现螺圈/螺旋纤维状.喷雾热解生长模式中GNFs的产率为克量级(1.45 g)/产程.  相似文献   

10.
螺旋形炭纤维的吸波性能   总被引:6,自引:6,他引:6  
通过气相催化裂解法分别制得了螺径约为4μm、螺距为0.5μm~0.8μm的炭纤维(简称为coils-A)和螺径为20μm左右、螺距为1μm~4μm的炭纤维(简称为coils-B).以coils-A和coils-B为掺杂体与石蜡制成复合材料在8.2 GHz~124 GHz范围内通过反射传输系统测量其电磁参数,结果表明该等微米级螺旋形炭纤维磁损耗为零,其中coils-B的介电参数的虚部及其损耗正切值tanδε较coils-A的高.分别以coils-A和coils-B为手性掺杂体制得填充有手性材料的夹芯蜂窝板复合材料,研究发现coils-A的吸波效果较好,在10 GHz~15 GHz的范围内对电磁波的反射衰减量大于10 dB,在4.6 GHz~18 GHz 的范围内对电磁波的反射衰减量均大于5 dB,在12.4 GHz时最大的反射衰减量为18 dB,其结果与藉由电磁参数所预测的结果相反.经计算,coils-A的手性参数ξ较大.因此,手性参数ξ对于提高吸波性能的影响大于介电参数ε的影响.  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.  相似文献   

12.
13.
A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.  相似文献   

14.
On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……  相似文献   

15.
Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……  相似文献   

16.
A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.  相似文献   

17.
In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M2(B,C), (W,Mo)2(B,C), M3(B,C), M23(B,C)6 type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm2. The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K1 mill housing of bar mill.  相似文献   

18.
We associate a variety of innovations with the term "Industry 4.0". The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...  相似文献   

19.
The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...  相似文献   

20.
Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号