腐植酸树脂对电镀废水处理中重金属离子的吸附

利用泥炭为原料制备出腐植酸树脂。在动态条件下，研究了腐植酸树脂对重金属离子Pb^2 ,Cu^2 ,Zn^2 ,Ni^2 ,Cr^3 的吸附效果及条件。同时探讨了腐植酸树脂对Pb^2 ,Cu^2 ,Zn^2 ,Cr^3 的吸附与解吸再生机理。含Pb^2 ,Cu^2 ,Zn^2 ,Ni^2 ,Cr^3 的电镀废水经腐植酸树脂吸附后，废水中重金属离子的含量低于国家排放标准。     

改性海泡石对电镀废水中Pb^2＋、Cu^2＋、Cd^2＋的吸咐

用盐酸溶液对海泡石处理后在450℃下灼烧，制备出改性海泡石。在动态条件下，研究了改性海泡石对重金属离子Pb^2 、Cu^2 、Cd^2 的吸咐效果及条件。探讨了改性海泡石对重金属离子Pb^2 、Cu^2 、Cd^2 的吸咐机理。含Pb^2 、Cu^2 、Cd^2 的电镀废水经改性海泡石吸附后，重金属离子含量显著低于国家排放标准。     

改性沸石对电镀废水中Pb2+、Zn2+、Ni2+的吸附

将天然沸石进行处理制备出多孔质改性沸石颗粒。在静态条件下，研究了改性沸石颗粒对重金属离子Pb^2 ,Zn^2 ,Ni^2 的吸附效果及条件，含Pb^2 ,Zn^2 ,Ni^2 的电镀废水经改性沸石颗粒吸附后，废水中Pb^2 ,Zn^2 ,Ni^2 的含量低于国家排放标准。     

ACA离子取代凝胶多价离子置换性能研究

考察了海藻酸－壳聚糖－海藻酸（ACA）离子取代凝胶对几种二价金属离子的置换行为。实验结果表明，海藻酸钙凝胶和海藻酸－壳聚糖－海藻酸凝胶微球（ACA－Ca)也能吸附Pb^2 ,Cu^2 和A^3 ,其中Pb^2 ,Cu^2 和Al^3 取代了凝胶中的Ca^2 ,并且其置换速率要大大快于离子交换树脂，而其平衡取代量与ACA微胶囊相当，因此，海藻酸钙凝胶也能作为离子吸附剂应用于吸附某些金属离子。此外，Pb^2 也能置换海藻酸锌中的Zn^2 ，Ca^2 能置换海藻酸亚铁中的Fe^2 。Pb^2 对海藻酸钙凝胶中的Ca^2 的置换不仅包括b^2 和Ca^2 的置换，还存在对Pb^2 的静吸附。     

膨润土吸附去除Zn2+、Cd2+的研究

在静态条件下,利用天然及活化膨润土对重金属Zn^2 、Cd^2 的单组分水溶液进行吸附研究。结果表明,膨润土对重金属离子具有较强的吸附性能,PH值是影响吸附的主要因素,离子交换和表面络合反应是主要吸附形式,基本符合Langmuir吸附等温线。     

天祝褐煤对重金属离子的吸附特征

以甘肃天祝褐煤作吸附剂，常温下对Pb^2＋、Cd^2＋、Zn^2＋、Cu^2＋溶液进行了吸附试验研究，探讨了其吸附动力学、吸附平衡、吸附机理及介质酸度的影响.结果表明，褐煤对几种重金属离子的吸附平衡基本符合Langmuir模型，介质酸度对吸附效果有显著的影响，pH〉5．00时吸附率均可达90％。     

以磷酸三丁酯为流动载体的乳状液膜研究稀土离子的迁移行为

在磷酸三丁酯（TBP）-Span80-二甲苯乳状液膜体系中系统研究了La^3＋、Sm^3＋、Nd^3-和Ho^3-四种稀土离子的迁移情况。结果表明在该体系中它们均能在各自的最佳迁移条件下，高效、快速地迁入内相，并能与Fe^2＋、Cu^2＋、Mn^2＋、Co^2＋、Zn^2＋、Cd^2＋及Ni^2-常见过渡金属离子分离。     

微波辐射条件下含硫螯合树脂的合成及性能

本实验研究了在微波辐射条件下,硫脲、二卤代烃在一定量的碱性物质存在下聚合反应制得交联聚合物,该聚合物对贵金属离子具有很高的选择吸附性能,对金的饱和吸附量达到200mg／g,而对Cu^2 ,Ni^2 ,Cd^2 ,Co^2 等金属离子则基本不吸。吸附后的树脂用含8％硫脲的1mol／L盐酸溶液洗脱后可以重复使用,重复第三次的吸附量仍是初次吸附量的91．7％。     

Ni-Fe普鲁士蓝的离子交换选择性研究

研究了Ni—Fe普鲁士蓝对不同价态金属离子的交换选择性。在Ni—Fe普鲁士蓝与一价Cs^＋溶液反应中，Ni—Fe普鲁士蓝主要由K^＋与Cs^＋进行离子交换；而在与二价和三价的离子溶液反应中，离子交换主要是通过目标离子（Cr^3＋、Sr^2＋、Cu^2＋）与K^＋和Ni^2＋发生交换。结合全谱等离子直接光谱（ICP）和穆...     

水滑石对软PVC阻燃性和热性能的影响

通过氧指数（LOI）和烟密度等级（SDR）的测定研究了水滑石阻燃剂对软PVC的阻燃消烟作用。通过对水滑石阻燃剂热性能以及阻燃处理后软PVC的热性能的测定，探讨了水滑石阻燃剂的阻燃抑烟机理。结果表明：阻燃处理后的样品具有较好的阻燃和消烟性能。水滑石阻燃剂对软PVC的阻燃消烟作用主要是由于水滑石受热脱出水蒸气和CO2，稀释氧气和可燃性气体同时吸收热量。在水滑石中掺杂Zn^2＋、Ni^2＋等金属离子后，Zn^2＋、Ni^2＋等离子对PVC降解的Lewis酸催化作用可进一步提高水滑石对软PVC的阻燃抑烟效率。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.