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1.
探讨了聚合时间对α-甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯(AMA)α位双键选择性阴离子聚合的影响,合成了AMA、与MMA的双嵌段及三嵌段共聚物。结果发现,随聚合时间的延长,单体转化率提高、分子量增大、分子量分布变窄。嵌段共聚物的合成中,MMA首先聚合时,引发效率较高;当AMA首先聚合时,分子量分布较窄。GPC、NMR、DSC及TG测试结果表明,所得共聚物的具有较窄的分子量分布、组成比与设计值一致、AMA段的每个重复单  相似文献   

2.
淀粉/甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚及生物降解性能研究   总被引:17,自引:2,他引:15  
本文以硝酸铈铵为引发剂,研究了单体浓度、引发剂用量、反应温度和反应时间对淀粉与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)接枝共聚反应特征参数的影响。当引发剂浓度为4.5×10(-3)M/L,MMA浓度为0.225M/L,在30℃反应3.5h时,单体转化率C%=90.5%,接枝率G%=62%,接枝效率GE%=70%,接枝支链的粘均分子量M=×10(-3)。接枝共聚物及其与聚氯乙烯(PVC)共混物浇铸成膜后,用黑曲霉在无机盐营养培养基中降解40天,失重率分别为32%和23%,表明淀粉/MMA接枝共聚物可作为生物降解塑料使用。  相似文献   

3.
联用宽分布VDC-MA悬浮共聚物试样的[η]和GPC谱图数据,确定了此共聚物在四氢呋喃溶剂中、30℃下的Mark-Houwink常数:K=2.54×10-2,α=0.6757。进一步研究了单体配比、转化率、引发剂浓度以及聚合温度等因素对于分子量及其分布的影响,并建立了分子量模型。  相似文献   

4.
超声波辐照下PVC的降解及与丙烯酸丁酯共聚反应的研究   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
研究了在超声波辐照下,聚氯乙烯(PVC)在环己酮溶液中的降解及与丙烯酸丁酯(BA)的共聚反应。结果表明,PVC在超声波辐照下可降解成低分子量产物,其分子结构与玻璃化温度基本未变。PVC的超声降解符合一般力降解规律,降解动力学方程为(21.5kHz,380W,25℃1.0%PVC)ln=1.56×10~(-4)t。经IR、XPS、NMR等分析表明,PVC与BA的超声共聚产物主要为嵌段共聚物。所得共聚物可以明显提高PVC的冲击强度。  相似文献   

5.
一氧化碳和苯乙烯交替共聚物的合成与表征   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
利用乙酸钯和2,2′-联吡啶组成的催化剂体系催化一氧化碳和苯乙烯交替共聚合成出聚(1-氧代-2-苯基丙撑)(STCO)。采用IR、NMR、元素分析以及广角X光散射对该聚合物以表征。该共聚物晶体为单斜晶胞,晶胞参数为a=15.7×10-10m,b=6.17×10-10m,c=7.45×10-10m,α=90.0°,β=104.3°,γ=90.0°;晶胞体积为697.2×10-30m3;空间点群为P21/c。此外,对该共聚物热降解进行了初步研究。  相似文献   

6.
微米级可生物降解高分子微球的制备研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
聚酯-聚醚嵌段共聚物聚-D,L-乳酸-聚乙二醇(PLA-PEG),采用本体聚合法在高温(185℃)及负压(-9.5×103MPa)条件下制得。采用乳液溶剂蒸发技术制备聚酯-聚醚嵌段共聚物微球。微球粒径受油/水相比、乳化时间及乳化分散能量的影响,也受基质材料本身性质的影响。红外光谱(IR)及核磁共振谱(NMR)用于分析证实产物结构。微球粒径经扫描电镜测定为微米级(<10μm)。  相似文献   

7.
以三氟甲基磺酸铝(CF_3SO_3)_3Al为引发剂,正己烷为溶剂,通过阳离子聚合,合成了1,3-戊二烯-苯乙烯共聚物。用IR、 ̄1HNMR对共聚物结构进行了分析,并用SEC(GPC)对共聚物分子量进行了表征,对共聚物的环化度也进行了研究,用Kelen-Tudos方法测定的共聚合反应体系苯乙烯(M_1)和1,3-戊二烯(M_2)的竞聚率分别为γ_1=2.1,γ_2=0.6。  相似文献   

8.
从分子设计出发,合成了一种用于制备膜嵌荷电膜的新材料:聚(4-乙烯基吡啶-异戊二烯-苯乙烯-异戊二烯-4-乙烯基吡啶)(PISIP)五嵌段共聚物,并用IR,NMR,GPC,DSC等方法对共聚物结构进行了表征。  相似文献   

9.
ISI/IMs共混型镶嵌荷电膜的研制   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以嵌段共聚物ISI和IMs的共混物为原料,PP微孔膜为基膜制成了复合膜,再经过交联、季胺化和磺化而制成了一种新的共混型镶嵌荷电膜。进一步的研究显示,该膜具有典型的镶嵌荷电膜结构及性能特点,与MsISIMs五嵌段荷电膜具有相似的膜形态与膜结构;电性能也十分相近,膜面电阻分别为350、970Ω·cm^2,电压渗系数分别为8×10^-9、6.1×10^-9V/Pa。表明可以用ISI/IMs共混物代替五嵌  相似文献   

10.
本文首次应用三苯膦引发丙炔醇光聚合,制得黄色粉末状、具有共轭双键结构的聚丙炔醇。研究了该光聚合反应的动力学行为及机理。发现三苯膦与丙炔醇C≡C叁键能形成基态电荷转移络合物,在光照下引发自由基聚合。聚合速率方程为Rp=kp[OHP](0.5)[PPh3](0.7),表观速率常数kp=2.90×10(-5)L(0.2)·mol(-0.2)·s(-1),聚合活化能Ea=21.78kJ/mol。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.  相似文献   

12.
13.
A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.  相似文献   

14.
Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……  相似文献   

15.
On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……  相似文献   

16.
In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M2(B,C), (W,Mo)2(B,C), M3(B,C), M23(B,C)6 type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm2. The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K1 mill housing of bar mill.  相似文献   

17.
A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.  相似文献   

18.
The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...  相似文献   

19.
Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.  相似文献   

20.
We associate a variety of innovations with the term "Industry 4.0". The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...  相似文献   

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