SrCO3在AZ31镁合金中的细化效果及机理

研究了SrCO_3对AZ31镁合金凝固组织的影响。结果表明:在AZ31中添加0.6%的SrCO_3,于760℃时保温10min细化效果最佳,α-Mg晶粒的尺寸由基体合金的570±15μm降至110±10μm,降幅约80.7%。通过能谱分析,结合能计算及自由能计算证实细化机理是SrCO_3反应后生成的部分Al_4C_3质点作为异质核心细化晶粒。多余的Al_4C_3质点钉扎晶界阻碍晶粒长大。Al元素随固/液界面前沿被快速推至晶界,生成沿晶界生长的β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相,起到进一步固定晶界的作用。     

一种细化AZ31镁合金的固液两相区复合挤压工艺

为了通过细化晶粒提高镁合金综合力学性能,基于“工艺耦合,缩短流程”的想法,提出固液两相区挤压剪切复合成形工艺。以AZ31镁合金为研究对象,结合Anycasting技术,对固液两相区成形过程的浇铸过程及凝固过程进行模拟研究;结合实际实验选取合适的挤压参数,从而有效细化AZ31的组织并提高综合性能。结果表明:AZ31在变形区中因枝晶破碎和压力对过冷度的影响等促进了形核,在有效细化晶粒的基础上保证了尺寸的均匀性;且液相的存在有助于协调挤压过程中的变形,减少滑移和孪生变形对织构的影响,显著降低挤压织构的强度,180°角的基面宏观织构极值强度仅为5.3。剪切角能进一步细化晶粒,并提高综合力学性能;当剪切角度为150°时,综合力学性能最优,屈服强度为222 MPa,抗拉强度为309 MPa,伸长率为8%。     

Mg-TiB2中间合金和Sr对AZ91D镁合金显微组织的细化

采用SEM、EDS和XRD等测试手段研究了粉末原位合成法制备的Mg-50%TiB2(质量分数,下同)中间合金的组织和结构,以及Mg-50%TiB2和Sr对AZ91D镁合金显微组织的细化效果。结果表明,1.4%(Mg-50%TiB2)中间合金和0.1%Sr的复合添加可使AZ91D镁合金的α-Mg晶粒尺寸由基体合金的240μm降至49μm。通过面错配度计算证实TiB2可成为初生-αMg的良好异质核心。加入碱土元素Sr引起合金成分过冷度增加,从而激活固/液界面前沿潜在的TiB2核心,提高TiB2的形核率。     

异步轧制AZ31镁合金板材的超塑性工艺及变形机制

经过异步轧制工艺获得AZ31镁合金薄板。在300~450℃范围内,分别通过5×10-3,1×10-3s-1和5×10-4s-1不同应变速率进行高温拉伸实验研究其超塑性变形行为,计算应变速率敏感指数m值、超塑性变形激活能Q及门槛应力σ0值。通过EBSD分析和扫描电镜观察拉伸断裂后的断口形貌,分析AZ31镁合金的超塑性变形机制。结果表明:AZ31镁合金的塑性变形能力随着变形温度的升高及应变速率的降低而增强。当拉伸温度为400℃、m=0.72、应变速率为5×10-4s-1时,AZ31具有良好的超塑性,伸长率最大为206%。温度为400℃时,异步轧制AZ31镁合金的超塑性变形是以晶格扩散控制的晶界滑移和基面滑移共同完成的。     

AZ31镁合金在含NaCl和Na2SO4薄层液膜下的腐蚀行为

为研究大气污染物对镁合金腐蚀的影响规律,采用室内模拟暴露实验,分析AZ31镁合金含有NaCl和Na2SO4的薄层液膜下的电化学腐蚀行为.结果表明:AZ31镁合金表面沉积NaCl和Na2SO4薄液层中的腐蚀动力学符合幂函数规律,说明NaCl和Na2SO4对AZ31镁合金腐蚀有加速作用;AZ31镁合金在NaCl薄层液膜下,阳极极化电流密度增大,R f和R ct值降低,促进了阴极去极化历程,增强了阳极活性溶解,加剧镁合金的阳极溶解;而在Na2SO4薄层液膜下,R f和R ct值增大,击穿电位与腐蚀电位的差值(ΔE)减小,这是由于难溶的硫酸盐和Mg(OH)2覆盖在AZ31镁合金表面,使金属溶解和离子扩散速率降低,导致阳极过程阻滞.     

电轧AZ31镁合金在模拟海水中腐蚀行为研究

为对比研究高能电脉冲轧制工艺和冷轧工艺对AZ31镁合金腐蚀性能的影响,采用腐蚀形貌观察、动电位极化测试、电化学阻抗谱与腐蚀速度测试等方法系统地研究了高能电脉冲轧制和冷轧AZ31镁合金带材在模拟海水(3.5%NaCl)中的腐蚀行为.结果表明:在同样变形量下,与冷轧AZ31镁合金相比,电轧AZ31镁合金的耐腐蚀性略有提高.这与电轧AZ31镁合金再结晶比例大,位错密度小,具有较低能态的位错组态及能形成较稳定的腐蚀产物膜有关.     

Al2O3sf/AZ91D镁基复合材料等径角挤压变形机制研究

为了推动半固态加工在镁基复合材料成形中的应用,采用液态浸渗法制备了增强体体积分数为5%的Al<,2>O<,3sf>/AZ91D复合材料,并采用等径角挤压对其实施变形.利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和拉伸实验机分别对试样进行了组织观察和力学性能测试,并以此为基础探讨了复合材料在等径角挤压过程中的变形机制.研究表明:Al<,2>...     

激光冲击处理对AZ31B镁合金力学性能的影响

为了研究激光冲击处理对AZ31B镁合金力学性能的影响,采用波长为1054nm,脉冲宽度为15ns,脉冲能量为10J,光斑直径为3mm的YAG脉冲激光,对变形镁合金AZ31B薄板试样表面进行冲击处理。结果表明:根据优化的工艺参数,激光冲击处理能在AZ31B镁合金上制备出纳米结构表层,表面晶粒尺寸约为20nm;试样表面激光诱导的残余压应力高达-125MPa;激光冲击处理试样的抗拉强度提高了16.9%;屈服强度提高了16.3%;表面硬度提高了91.8%。利用透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)观测激光冲击试样微观结构,并分析了力学性能提高的机理。     

K4169高温合金化学法晶粒细化工艺及机理的研究

(1)本研究工作针对K4169高温合金的结构和物性特点,筛选并制备了适合K4169高温合金的二元和三元金属间化合物型细化剂。微量细化剂的加入不形成夹杂,不改变合金的相组成。(2)在通常的浇注温度1400℃下,对合金熔体进行和不进行均匀化处理的前提下,加入复合细化剂可使圆柱锭的晶粒分别细化至ASTM 1.7级和ASTM 3.2级;断面等轴晶的比例分别达96％和99％以上。当浇注温度为1420℃并对合金熔体进行了均匀化处理时,加入复合细化剂可使晶粒细化至ASTM M10.5级,断面等轴晶的比例达9％以上。成功利用化学法浇注获得细晶叶片样件,该叶片组织比较均匀、成型性好且无铸造缺陷。发现晶粒细化后,细晶试样中的元素枝晶偏析得以减轻,这有利于提高铸件的机械性能;另外,晶粒的形态也改变了,由普通铸造组织中的几乎全部是树枝晶向细晶组织中的粒状晶转变。(3)提出了细晶枝晶粒状化是由球形界面失稳与否、失稳的程度以及晶粒生长的外部环境决定的。建立了失稳判据,指出现有球形界面失稳理论还应考虑元素枝晶偏析、粗化作用以及对流等的影响,比较合理地解释了晶粒细化后变为球状的原因。     

AZ31镁合金的SiO2（Mg）涂层的组织及性能研究

采用机械合金化的方法在AZ31镁合金表面涂覆SiO₂（Mg）涂层。通过XRD、显微硬度计、扫描电镜等测试手段对表面涂层的微观形貌结构、涂层的显微硬度进行分析,利用电化学工作站对涂覆前后的AZ31镁合金的耐蚀性能进行检测。结果表明:SiO₂涂层被成功地涂覆到AZ31镁合金表面;同时,随着球磨时间的增加,涂层的显微硬度呈增加趋势,且随着球料比的增加,显微硬度亦增加,最高达到370.6HV,较基体提高了15.2%;涂层的厚度也呈现先增加后趋于稳定的趋势,但球磨时间过长,涂层内部出现裂纹;当球料比为15:1、球磨时间为15 h时,所制备涂层厚度为148μm,涂层致密且与基体结合较好;所对应的自腐蚀电流密度较基体降低了一个数量级,对应的腐蚀电压提高了6.5%,耐腐蚀性能得到明显改善。      

The research on the effect of MgCO3 on the grain refinement in AZ31 magnesium alloy

The effect of MgCO₃ addition on the as‐cast microstructure of AZ31 magnesium alloy has been widely investigated. The results show that the average grain size of the α‐Mg grain in AZ31 magnesium alloy decreases from about 570 μm to 100 μm by the addition of 0.6 wt.% MgCO₃ as gain refiner at 760°C. Based on the analysis of EDS, theoretical calculation of E_bind and Gibbs free energy, we esteem that grain refiner mechanism is mainly attributed to the generation of Al₄C₃, which can be serviced as nucleation site and restrain grain boundary from growing and transferring.     

Processing of AZ31 magnesium alloy by a new noble severe plastic deformation method

In the present investigation a wrought magnesium alloy (AZ31) has been processed applying the accumulative back extrusion (ABE) method. This was performed through different thermomechanical processing routes (different ABE deformation passes at temperatures of 80-380 °C). The results indicate that AZ31 alloy may successfully be deformed through ABE processing even at temperatures as low as 80 °C. Following the ABE processing a sophisticated microhardness testing was conducted and thorough microstructural observations were undertaken using optical microscopy. The results show that the equiaxed submicron size grains have been achieved. As the number of passes was increased, a more homogeneous microstructure with finer mean grain size was obtained. It was also found that increasing the temperature resulted in larger mean grain size and also higher microstructural homogeneity.     

AZ31镁合金非等温拉深性能的研究

针对AZ31镁合金等温拉深性能差的问题,提出了AZ31镁合金的非等温拉深工艺.通过平底杯形冲头拉深试验研究了不同冲头温度和板料温度对AZ31镁合金非等温拉深性能的影响,确定了使AZ31镁合金具有最佳拉深性能的板料和冲头温度范围.实验结果表明,除了板料和冲头温度之外,拉深速度和润滑条件对AZ31镁合金的非等温拉深性能也有重要影响.     

Enhanced mechanical response of hybrid alloy AZ31/AZ91 based on the addition of Si3N4 nanoparticles

The main aim of this study was to simultaneously increase tensile strength and ductility of AZ31/AZ91 hybrid magnesium alloy with Si₃N₄ nanoparticles. AZ31/AZ91 hybrid alloy nanocomposite containing Si₃N₄ nanoparticle reinforcement was fabricated using solidification processing followed by hot extrusion. The nanocomposite exhibited similar grain size to the monolithic hybrid alloy, reasonable Si₃N₄ nanoparticle distribution, non-dominant (0 0 0 2) texture in the longitudinal direction, and 13% higher hardness than the monolithic hybrid alloy. Compared to the monolithic hybrid alloy (in tension), the nanocomposite simultaneously exhibited higher yield strength, ultimate strength, failure strain and work of fracture (+12%, +5%, +64% and +71%, respectively). Compared to the monolithic hybrid alloy (in compression), the nanocomposite exhibited higher yield strength and ultimate strength, lower failure strain and higher work of fracture (+35%, +4%, −6% and +6%, respectively). The beneficial effects of Si₃N₄ nanoparticle addition on the enhancement of tensile and compressive properties of AZ31/AZ91 hybrid alloy are investigated in this paper.     

热挤压工艺对AZ31镁合金晶粒大小及性能的影响

对商用AZ31镁合金挤压棒材进行了不同工艺参数的挤压变形,系统研究了挤压工艺参数对AZ31镁合金晶粒大小以及性能的影响,并对镁合金组织的微晶尺寸进行了金相定量分析.研究结果表明,热变形可有效细化晶粒,但对AZ31镁合金晶粒细化是有限度的;对已通过热挤压变形晶粒细化的AZ31镁合金进一步进行大的塑性变形,其晶粒不但没有进一步的细化反而比挤压前略有长大.     

Grain refinement and orientation of AZ31B magnesium alloy in hot flow forming under different thickness reductions

An analysis of the hot flow forming of Mg-3.0Al-1.0Zn-0.3Mn (AZ31B) alloy was conducted by experiments and numerical simulations. The effects of different thickness reductions on the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated at a temperature of 693 K, a spindle speed of 800 rev/min and a feed ratio of 0.1 mm/rev. Thickness reductions have great influence on the uniformity of microstructure along the radial direction (RD) and the grain sizes become refined and uniform when the thickness reduction reaches 45%. The c-axes of most grains are approximately parallel to the RD, with a slight inclination towards the axial direction (AD). The best mechanical properties with UTS of 280 MPa and YS of 175 MPa near the outer surface while 266 MPa and 153 MPa near the inner surface have been achieved due to grain refinement and texture. Moreover, the material flow behavior and stress/strain distributions for single-pass reductions were studied using the ABAQUS/Explicit software. The calculated results indicate that the materials mainly suffer from triaxial compressive stresses and undergo compressive plastic strain in RD and tensile strains in other directions. The higher stress and strain rate near the outer surface lead to more refined grains than that of other regions along the RD, whereas the orientation of the maximum principal compressive stress leads to a discrepancy of the grain orientations in RD.     

AZ31镁合金温变形对其性能影响的研究

为了研究温变形对铸态AZ31镁合金力学性能的影响,在210～300℃温度范围内对均匀化后的合金进行了不同程度的平面应变压缩,并根据微观组织的演变对其进行了分析.结果表明:随变形温度的升高,在相同的变形程度下晶粒有长大的趋势,其抗拉强度增量下降;在同一温度下变形,强度增量随着变形程度的增加而增大,变形到一定程度时,呈现减小的趋势.在210℃下变形,当ε达到2.07时,其抗拉强度最大可达305MPa,较铸态提高近50%.表明AZ31合金温变形时,通过形变强化与细晶强化的合理组合,可获得细小均匀的等轴组织,大幅度提高镁合金的强度.     

Preliminary study of biodegradation of AZ31B magnesium alloy

Magnesium alloys are potential to be developed as a new type of biodegradable implant material by use of their active corrosion behavior. Both in vitro and in vivo biodegradation properties of an AZ31B magnesium alloy were investigated in this work. The results showed that AZ31B alloy has a proper degradation rate and much lower hydrogen release in Hank’s solution, with a degradation rate of about 0.3 mm/year and hydrogen release below 0.15 mL/cm². The animal implantation test showed that the AZ31B alloy could slowly biodegrade in femur of the rabbit and form calcium phosphate around the alloy sample, with the Ca/P ratio close to the natural bone.