改进的Hough变换对油库目标识别

油库是典型的感兴趣目标之一,大多数呈圆形。针对传统的基于Hough变换检测圆的算法存在计算量大、空间复杂度高等缺点,本文提出一种改进的梯度模糊Hough变换进行油库目标识别。算法首先利用梯度信息减少计算量,然后对边缘像素进行模糊映射,以减少峰值扩散和伪峰现象,最后针对Hough变换不考虑点之间的连通性的缺点设计去虚警算法。实验结果表明该方法计算量小,精度高,能准确定位圆心和半径,识别率达82．5％,虚警率为1．6％。     

1种提取包装上二维条码的新算法

针对包装上的二维条码,提出了1种快速提取算法.首先使用彩色过滤算法对背景进行过滤,然后利用二次梯度算法获取图像的分割阈值.对于条码的倾斜,使用Hough变换得到图像倾角,再利用二维旋转矩阵旋转图像.最后提出1种最佳的插值方法,以减少目标区域的毛刺以及空白点,确保旋转变换后的图像不失真.     

波导不变量和航向角联合估计方法研究

波导不变量是一个与环境特性和传播特性有关的物理量,对其准确估计有重要意义.结合LOFAR图和方位-时间历程图,提出了利用Hough变换进行波导不变量和目标航向角联合估计算法,该算法无需知道运动目标的距离信息,不要求目标有最近通过距离.提出了综合Hough变换参数估计算法,较提取单条纹参数估计算法有更好的稳健性,但增加了计算开销.仿真研究和海试数据分析均验证了算法的可行性,并表明该参数估计算法有较高的估计精度.     

基于改进Hough变换的直线图形快速提取算法

为能够有效解决实时直线图形提取问题,提出了一种基于多约束Hough变换(HT)的直线提取算法.该算法首先分析了数字图像中直线边缘的三种结构特征,提出采用基元结构表示目标边缘点,并在约束条件下计算基元结构的基元倾角.在此基础上,结合传统的HT的思想对基元结构进行极角约束HT,以获得最终的直线参数.实验结果表明,对合成图像和自然图像,该算法比梯度HT的运算速度分别提高约190倍和22倍.     

基于Hough变换的车窗提取算法

在HOV乘客数检测系统中，对车窗的定位与提取，可以极大地减少计算量，提高系统的运算速度以及检测的准确度。针对图像中车窗边缘的图像特点，提出了一种基于相位编组法进行图像分块，在图像块内进行决速Hough变换的直线检测，并结合积分投影方法对车窗进行定位与提取。实验结果表明该算法具有较快的运算速度和较高的检测准确率。     

基于改进Hough变换的纸塑复合袋视觉定位算法

目的 为快速精确获取纸塑复合袋纠偏过程中的位置偏移和倾角信息,提出一种基于改进Hough变换的纸塑复合袋视觉定位算法.方法 首先通过大津法对平台上的纸塑复合袋图像进行分割,去除皮带部分;然后利用基于方差的差异化滤波方法对纸塑复合袋图像进行降噪处理,突出复合袋图像边缘;最后运用Canny算子获取纸塑复合袋边缘点,利用改进的Hough变换算法对纸塑复合袋4条边线进行直线提取,求解纸塑复合袋的中心位置和倾角.结果 改进算法在直线提取精度和耗时2个方面均优于传统Hough变换算法,获取纸塑复合袋位置和倾角只需0.335 s,耗时减少了76％.结论 改进算法的耗时满足纠偏定位要求.     

随机圆检测算法的采样约束和参数校准策略

随机Hough变换和随机圆检测算法是图像中检测圆轮廓的快速方法,但在实际应用中分别在速度和精度上有不足.将上述算法中的随机采样分布、采样累积分布和采样次数阈值归为采样约束问题,将代理点计算出的参数与真实参数的偏差归为参数校准问题.经分析上述问题,将改进的随机圆检测算法作为快速识别方法,将随机圆Hough变换作为校准方法,结合两者的优点提出一种基于识别-校准框架的高效圆检测算法.实验数据证明,在噪声和不理想圆轮廓条件下,该框架能够很好地平衡检测速度与精度,从而体现出算法的高效性.     

基于Hough变换的线段提取新方法

针对实际图像中采用传统Hough变换准确提取直线存在的问题,结合双阈值栅格除噪法,提出了一种改进的线段提取方法.该方法以Hough变换峰值参数逆变换提取线段特征,并将其连接成直线,在传统Hough变换算法的基础上增加了极大值线段的融合连接过程,去除伪峰值和峰值扩散引起的交叉线段等改进方法.实验结果表明:该方法能在干扰和噪声较强烈的实际图像中完整地提取出目标线段,对线段量化误差、断裂、线段信息丢失具有较强的鲁棒性.以Hough空间局部极大值所对应线段为主,以其邻域峰值点对应线段为补充的线段特征提取方法具有较高的准确性.本方法对视觉引导技术的实用化具有参考价值.     

基于Hough变换的三次方Bezier曲线检测算法研究

类似经典Hough变换中对直线(段)、圆(弧)、椭圆、抛物线等解析曲线的检测,论文研究了三次方Bezier曲线的检测算法,提出了离散Bezier曲线的特征建模方法和使用R函数的Hough变换曲线检测快速算法。该算法能够根据所给出的待检测目标点阵图像建立形状参数模型,然后检测该曲线在复杂图像中出现的位置、大小和方向。实验表明,该法能够有效地检测任意三次方Bezier曲线,且精确度优于目前广泛用于曲线检测的广义Hough变换。     

车牌识别中的倾斜校正算法

在车牌自动识别中,由于倾斜的字符的识别和分割困难,因此必须对字符进行倾斜校正。本文对目前常用的倾斜校正算法Hough变换和Radon变换进行了介绍,分析和对比。     

Robust ellipse detection based on hierarchical image pyramid and Hough transform

In this research we propose a fast and robust ellipse detection algorithm based on a multipass Hough transform and an image pyramid data structure. The algorithm starts with an exhaustive search on a low-resolution image in the image pyramid using elliptical Hough transform. Then the image resolution is iteratively increased while the candidate ellipses with higher resolution are updated at each step until the original image resolution is reached. After removing the detected ellipses, the Hough transform is repeatedly applied in multiple passes to search for remaining ellipses, and terminates when no more ellipses are found. This approach significantly reduces the false positive error of ellipse detection as compared with the conventional randomized Hough transform method. The analysis shows that the computing complexity of this algorithm is Θ(n(5/2)), and thus the computation time and memory requirement are significantly reduced. The developed algorithm was tested with images containing various numbers of ellipses. The effects of noise-to-signal ratio combined with various ellipse sizes on the detection accuracy were analyzed and discussed. Experimental results revealed that the algorithm is robust to noise. The average detection accuracies were all above 90% for images with less than seven ellipses, and slightly decreased to about 80% for images with more ellipses. The average false positive error was less than 2%.     

Multi-Target Track Initiation in Heavy Clutter

In the heavy clutter environment, the information capacity is large, the relationships among information are complicated, and track initiation often has a high false alarm rate or missing alarm rate. Obviously, it is a difficult task to get a high-quality track initiation in the limited measurement cycles. This paper studies the multi-target track initiation in heavy clutter. At first, a relaxed logic-based clutter filter algorithm is presented. In the algorithm, the raw measurement is filtered by using the relaxed logic method. We not only design a kind of incremental and adaptive filtering gate, but also add the angle extrapolation based on polynomial extrapolation. The algorithm eliminates most of the clutter and obtains the environment with high detection rate and less clutter. Then, we propose a fuzzy sequential Hough transform-based track initiation algorithm. The algorithm establishes a new meshing rule according to system noise to balance the relationship between the grid granularity and the track initiation quality. And a flexible superposition matrix based on fuzzy clustering is constructed, which avoids the transformation error caused by 0–1 voting method in traditional Hough transform. In addition, the algorithm allows the superposition matrixes of nonadjacent cycles to be associated to overcome the shortcoming that the track can’t be initiated in time when the measurements appear in an intermittent way. And a slope verification method is introduced to detect formation-intensive serial tracks. Last, the sliding window method is employed to feedback the track initiation results timely and confirm the track. Simulation results verify that the proposed algorithms can initiate the tracks accurately in heavy clutter.     

自适应聚类Hough变换及地震断层检测

针对现有基于Hough变换的地震断层检测方法只能检测单个断层,不能准确检测多个断层的不足,提出了一种基于自适应聚类Hough变换的地震断层检测方法。该方法首先对预处理后的地震相干图像进行边缘检测并对边缘图像进行Hough变换以检测出边缘图像中的线段,然后根据倾斜角和位置信息对线段进行自适应聚类以获得更完整的线段,最后根据初始地震图像对完整线段中的各点进行调整以获得准确、平滑的断层。为验证该方法的有效性,在实际地震图像上进行了对比实验。实验结果表明,该方法可正确检测地震图像中的多个断层,正确率达到90%以上,与现有方法相比,峰值信噪比提高了约10%。     

霍夫变换耦合蚁群优化图像边缘提取算法

目的为解决图像边缘提取方法中由于噪声浸染导致边缘定位精确度降低、边缘信息丢失和虚假边缘等不足,提出基于霍夫变换(HT)耦合蚁群优化(ACO)图像边缘的提取方法。方法对输入图像进行霍夫变换,消除噪声和线段间隔对图像边缘的影响;计算图像像素梯度和像素圆形邻域统计均值的差值,构建二者之间的权重函数,并作为蚁群的信息素和启发信息;利用蚁群优化算法,引导蚁群搜索图像边缘,完成图像边缘提取。结果实验表明,与当前边缘提取技术相比,文中算法具有更高的提取精度与效率,可获取完整、细节丰富的边缘,有效地降低了噪声影响。结论所提算法具有较强的抗噪性能,能进一步改善边缘提取精度,能够较好地用于包装条码识别与图像处理领域。     

Location of Optical Fibers for the Calibration of Incoherent Optical Fiber Bundles for Image Transmission

Image transmission by incoherent optical fiber bundles (IOFBs) requires prior calibration to obtain the spatial in–out fiber correspondence to reconstruct the image captured by the pseudocamera. This information is recorded in a lookup table (LUT), which is later used for reordering the fiber positions and reconstructing the original image. This paper shows how to apply a fiber detection process to minimize the calibration time and improve the quality of the recovered image. Two different fiber detection methods were developed. The former uses the circular Hough transform algorithm based on the image gradient. The second algorithm combines a number of morphological transformations with distance transform. The results demonstrate that this technique provides a remarkable reduction in the processing time while improving fiber detection accuracy.      

基于SUSAN和Hough变换的直线边缘亚像素定位方法

提出了一种基于SUSAN算法和Hough变换的直线边缘亚像素定位方法.在该方法中,给出了SUSAN算法模板选择的依据,同时定义了直线边缘响应函数并引入加权Hough变换.首先,利用直线边缘响应函数对直线边缘进行提取;然后对具有响应值的灰度点进行Hough变换并将该响应值作为权值记入参数空间累加器,得到粗定位;在粗定位的基础上对映射区进行局部细化,并对区域内点进行拟合,最终得到直线边缘精定位.实验证明:直线边缘定位精度可达0.3 pixels,同时为解析曲线亚像素定位提供了一种新的思路.     

Uncertain Knowledge Reasoning Based on the Fuzzy Multi Entity Bayesian Networks

With the rapid development of the semantic web and the ever-growing size of uncertain data, representing and reasoning uncertain information has become a great challenge for the semantic web application developers. In this paper, we present a novel reasoning framework based on the representation of fuzzy PR-OWL. Firstly, the paper gives an overview of the previous research work on uncertainty knowledge representation and reasoning, incorporates Ontology into the fuzzy Multi Entity Bayesian Networks theory, and introduces fuzzy PR-OWL, an Ontology language based on OWL2. Fuzzy PR-OWL describes fuzzy semantics and uncertain relations and gives grammatical definition and semantic interpretation. Secondly, the paper explains the integration of the Fuzzy Probability theory and the Belief Propagation algorithm. The influencing factors of fuzzy rules are added to the belief that is propagated between the nodes to create a reasoning framework based on fuzzy PR-OWL. After that, the reasoning process, including the SSFBN structure algorithm, data fuzzification, reasoning of fuzzy rules, and fuzzy belief propagation, is scheduled. Finally, compared with the classical algorithm from the aspect of accuracy and time complexity, our uncertain data representation and reasoning method has higher accuracy without significantly increasing time complexity, which proves the feasibility and validity of our solution to represent and reason uncertain information.     

基于图像抽样的快速虹膜定位算法

提出了一种基于图像抽样的快速虹膜定位算法.首先在抽样图像中搜索瞳孔内一点,并以该点为起点检测粗略的虹膜内边缘点,然后在原分辨力图像中利用梯度算子精确定位内边缘点从而实现内边缘定位;虹膜外边缘定位采用Canny算子和Hough变换实现,由于基于抽样图像进行边缘提取,忽略了虹膜纹理等细节边缘信息,减少了大量外边缘干扰,提高了算法实时性.实验结果表明该算法的定位准确率达到99.47%,定位速度为0.162s.与经典的虹膜定位算法相比,该算法的定位速度有了很大提高.