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1.
吴磊  应华根  吴进明  罗伟  严密 《材料工程》2006,(Z1):202-206
采用化学镀方法制备Ni-Co-P三元合金镀层以改善NdFeB磁体的耐腐蚀性能.优化了镀液配方以及施镀工艺,研究了镀液pH值和金属离子配比([Co2 ]/[Ni2 Co2 ])对沉积速度和镀层成分的影响,测量了NdFeB基体和不同镀层在3.5%(质量分数,下同)NaCl溶液中的极化曲线.结果表明,随镀液pH值增加,沉积速度提高,镀层中Co含量升高,Ni含量和P含量逐渐降低;随镀液中Co2 比例增加,沉积速度下降,镀层中Co含量升高,Ni和P含量降低.化学镀Ni-Co-P合金后的NdFeB磁体在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀速度降低了约两个数量级;当镀液金属离子配比[Co2 ]/[Ni2 Co2 ]=0.3时,镀层耐腐蚀性能最好,且优于相同施镀条件下所得到的Ni-P镀层.  相似文献   

2.
全光亮化学镀镍磷合金工艺研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
刘峰 《材料保护》2007,40(5):40-42
研究出了一种新型不含铅的全光亮化学镀镍工艺,获得了全光亮的镍磷合金镀层.通过试验分析镀液中添加剂、无机盐、主盐、施镀时间、pH值和施镀温度对化学镀镍磷合金层光亮度的影响;检测了有关性能.结果表明:所得化学镀镍磷合金镀层的光亮度、耐蚀性等性能优于常规化学镀镍磷合金镀层.CuSO4、TaSO4无机盐的添加使溶液稳定性(氯化钯稳定试验)从30 s提高到90 s,同时也提高了化学镀镍磷合金镀层耐蚀性,在5%NaCl溶液中的年腐蚀量从1.1 mg/cm2降为0.  相似文献   

3.
镍-磷-氧化铝复合化学镀层的耐磨性研究   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7  
刘英 《材料保护》2004,37(6):12-13
将微粒三氧化二铝与镍-磷化学镀液复合,使三氧化二铝微粒均匀地弥散分布于镍-磷基体中,以提高镀层的耐磨性.着重研究了复合化学镀工艺条件和镀后热处理温度对Ni-P-Al2O3复合镀层耐磨性的影响.试验结果表明:施镀工艺对镀速、三氧化二铝在镀层中的分布有影响,镀后热处理可提高镀层硬度.在pH=5.4、施镀温度为90±2℃、α-Al2O3微粒加入量为5g/L、搅拌速度为400r/min的条件下所得复合镀层加热到400℃、保温1 h后,镀层耐磨性最佳.在相同的磨损条件下,复合镀层的耐磨性比Ni-P镀层提高6~7倍,比45钢淬火态提高30多倍.  相似文献   

4.
用化学沉积法在铜和碳钢基体上施镀Ni-Fe-P和Ni-Fe-P-B坡莫合金镀层,X射线衍射测定结果及镀层的腐蚀试验结果表明,镀液中还原剂的沈度,金属盐比及pH值,对镀层成分,晶体结构及耐蚀笥有直接影响,使镀层具有非晶态结构和较强的钝化趋势,是获得蚀性良好的镀层的主要条件,适当提高Fe含量,在镀液中加入B元素,有利于提高镀层的耐蚀性。  相似文献   

5.
尹国光 《材料保护》2006,39(7):23-25
采用正交试验法,通过测试镀层孔隙率、结合强度和盐雾试验耐蚀性,筛选了Ni-P-纳米SiO2化学复合镀工艺.考察了溶液pH值和温度对镀层质量的影响,确定了纳米SiO2微粒的加入方法.结果表明,该工艺稳定性好,纳米SiO2微粒在镀液中分散均匀,在pH=4.1~4.6,温度85~90℃范围内所得Ni-P-纳米SiO2化学复合镀层结合强度达到GB/T 13913-92要求,无孔隙,镀层耐蚀性能明显提高.  相似文献   

6.
以硫酸镍为主盐,次磷酸钠为还原剂,在30CrMnSi合金钢上化学镀镍。研究了pH值对化学镀镀速和镀层微观结构、硬度及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:随着pH值的增大,镀速先增大后减小,当pH值为7时镀速达到最大。镀层磷含量均小于4wt%,属于低磷镀层,镀层表面由胞状颗粒组成。当pH值为6、7时,颗粒最小且均匀致密,镀层磷含量和硬度最高,耐蚀性能最好。酸性镀液得到镀层的硬度和耐蚀性能明显优于碱性。  相似文献   

7.
化学镀Ni-P工艺对镀层结构和性能的影响   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
研究了化学镀Ni-P镀层时的施镀温度,pH等工艺参数对Ni-P合金镀层结构状态,P含量和耐盐雾腐蚀性能的影响,指出优选和控制工艺参数是保证镀层质量的关键。  相似文献   

8.
目前,关于稳定剂对化学镀镍的影响研究不系统且不够深入.在化学镀镍基础镀液中分别加入硫脲、硫代硫酸钠、碘酸钾、DL-半胱氨酸、苯骈三氮唑和苯并咪唑等稳定剂,在45碳钢表面化学镀镍,采用施镀前后的质量变化计算镀速,采用磷钼钒黄分光光度法测定镀层磷含量,采用EDTA标定法测定镀液稳定常数,采用锉刀试验测试镀层结合力,研究了各种稳定剂对镀速、镀层结合力、镀层磷含量、镀液稳定性的影响.结果表明:含硫稳定剂在施镀过程中会产生含硫物质,会破坏镀液稳定性,不宜使用;添加50.0 mg/L碘酸钾或10.0 mg/L苯骈三氮唑稳定剂时,镀液稳定常数最高,为0.98;添加4.0 mg/L苯并咪唑稳定剂时镀速最快,达17.75 μm/h;添加50.0 mg/L碘酸钾稳定剂时,镀层磷含量最高,达12.22%.  相似文献   

9.
为了开发出对镁合金腐蚀性小的化学镀镍-磷合金溶液,以氢氧化镍作为镍离子的提供者,避免SO42-,Cl-,NO3-等对镁合金基体的腐蚀;在镀液中加入了适量的植酸缓蚀剂,以进一步减轻镀液对镁合金的腐蚀.先研究了镍盐浓度、植酸浓度、工作条件(温度与pH值)单因素对镀速和镀层孔隙率的影响,再用正交试验法优化了镀液组成及施镀工艺条件;采用周期试验法估算了镀液的使用周期(MTO).分别采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电化学工作站和锉刀、热震法测试了镍-磷合金镀层的形貌、耐蚀性和结合力.结果表明:在优化镀液和施镀工艺参数下,镍-磷合金镀层完整均匀,耐蚀性能良好,且与基体结合牢固;在合理的补加条件下MTO可达4.  相似文献   

10.
表面活性剂及施镀工艺在化学镀镍施镀过程中具有重要作用。实验以PZT-4陶瓷为基体,在碱性镀液中施镀,获得Ni-P合金镀层,研究了OP乳化剂对PZT-4陶瓷表面化学镀镍的影响。通过镀速、镀层耐腐蚀性、表面形貌、元素组成、导电性及物相结构测试,对施镀过程中镀液的温度、酸度及OP乳化剂浓度对镀层性能的影响作了研究。结果表明,当镀液中OP乳化剂浓度为15~25mg/L时镀层综合性能较好,施镀温度范围为40~45℃,pH值范围为8.5~9.0时镀速及外观质量较好。  相似文献   

11.
In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.  相似文献   

12.
13.
A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.  相似文献   

14.
On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……  相似文献   

15.
A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.  相似文献   

16.
Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……  相似文献   

17.
In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M2(B,C), (W,Mo)2(B,C), M3(B,C), M23(B,C)6 type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm2. The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K1 mill housing of bar mill.  相似文献   

18.
We associate a variety of innovations with the term "Industry 4.0". The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...  相似文献   

19.
The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...  相似文献   

20.
Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.  相似文献   

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