激光重熔纳米氧化锆热障涂层的抗热冲击性能

采用纳米氧化锆团聚粉末和等离子喷涂技术制备了纳米氧化锆涂层,试验研究了激光重熔工艺参数（激光比能量）对纳米氧化锆涂层抗热冲击性能的影响.试验结果表明,激光重熔工艺参数对重熔涂层的抗热冲击性能影响显著,采用合适的工艺参数（激光比能量）,可以使重熔涂层获得最佳的抗热冲击性能.不同激光重熔工艺参数处理的涂层形成的组织结构不同,使得涂层的抗热冲击性能不同.合适的激光重熔工艺参数下涂层表现出高的抗热冲击性能,主要是因为重熔后的涂层组织结构有利于热应力的释放以及其相结构在高温冲击下具有良好的稳定性.     

纳米氧化锆热障涂层组织结构和高温稳定性能分析

采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备了纳米氧化锆热障涂层.利用FESEM和XRD对纳米氧化锆热障涂层的微观组织和物相组成进行研究.微观组织分析结果表明,纳米氧化锆热障涂层展现出独特的微观复合结构,包括未熔纳米颗粒和柱状晶组织.物相分析结果表明,纳米氧化锆热障涂层主要由非平衡四方相组成.纳米氧化锆热障涂层高温稳定性能试验结果表明,涂层晶粒度随着服役温度和服役时间的增加而增加,但仍保持纳米结构;涂层物相组成不随服役环境的变化而变化.     

有关因素对热障涂层抗热震性能的影响

等离子喷涂热障涂层，对研制新型航空发动机具有重要意义。喷涂热障除层的关键，是如何提高涂层的抗热震性能。本文介绍了涂层结构、基体温度、涂层气孔率、不同粘结底层等因素，对涂层抗热震性能的影响。并简要介绍了涂层的抗高温氧化、抗热盐腐蚀性能及涂层的隔热效果。     

等离子喷涂梯度热障涂层的抗热震性能

对比研究了等离子喷涂梯度热障涂层与双层热障涂层,试验中梯度热障涂层选用不同比例的NiCoCrAlY与ZrO₂-8%Y₂O₃复合粉末作为梯度过渡层材料,并对两种结构的热障涂层进行了抗热震性能试验。抗热震试验结果表明,梯度热障涂层的抗热震寿命明显高于双层热障涂层的抗热震寿命。     

纳米氧化锆热障涂层制备工艺对导热性能的影响

研究等离子喷涂参数对纳米氧化锆涂层组织结构与涂层热导率的影响,分析涂层中孔隙的形成机制以及孔隙率与涂层热导率的关系.结果表明:在所选用的参数中,氧化锆涂层孔隙率随喷涂能量升高而降低,最低可达8%;并且大孔隙减少;氧化锆涂层600 ℃的热导率随孔隙率的增加而降低,最低可达0.633 W·(m·K)~(-1).     

大气等离子喷涂的YSZ纳米热障涂层的微观结构

采用YSZ(8％Y2O3-Zr02，质量分数)纳米粉末，经大气等离子喷涂(APS)方法制备得YSZ纳米热降涂层(TBC)．喷涂前的粉末额粒直径为30—50nm，晶粒尺寸约12nm．对涂层的分析结果表明：YSZ纳米涂层平均晶粒尺寸在20—30nm，有个别粗晶直径达200—300nm．涂层由立方相c—ZrO2和四方相t′—ZrO2组成，t′相内存在畴结构．涂层内孔洞细小弥散，多呈闭合式．TEM下可见位错缠结和富层错的板条带结构．     

等离子喷涂纳米氧化锆涂层研究进展

等离子喷涂氧化锆涂层用作航空和陆基发动机热保护已经有数十年历史,取得了很好的效果.为了进一步提高发动机的效率和寿命,人们致力发展新的涂层材料和改进现有涂层的结构和性能.文中叙述了中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所在等离子喷涂纳米氧化锆涂层方面的近期研究结果.通过工艺参数调整控制涂层微观结构,制备了具有纳米结构的3 % Y2O3-ZrO2涂层;较为系统地测定了涂层的物理、力学和热物性能;对比了纳米和常规氧化锆涂层的抗热震行为,初步阐述了不同涂层的热震破损失效机制;对涂层的生物活性和细胞相容性亦进行了初步评价.此外,还展望了等离子喷涂纳米氧化锆涂层的未来研究工作方向.     

三种热障涂层的组织性能

采用等离子喷涂技术制备了三种不同材料的热障涂层(TBC),对涂层进行了组织性能的分析比较.结果表明,Al-1075的TBC结合强度最高,为 24.66 MPa,具有良好的抗热震性能;KF-230的TBC结合强度最低,为 16.06 MPa;LG-210的TBC结合强度居中,抗热震性能最差.分析认为,氧化物层(TGO)在热障涂层中的失效起至关重要的作用,TGO是裂纹的产生源,是裂纹扩展的通道,是热障涂层系统中的最薄弱环节.因此抑制TGO是提高涂层结合强度、改善涂层抗热震性能的重要措施.     

等离子喷涂纳米Al_2O_3-TiO_2-SiO_2-SiC涂层抗热震性能

将纳米结构Al2O3、TiO2、SiO2、SiC粉体经液相喷雾造粒的方法,制备出适合等离子喷涂的球形复合粉体,采用等离子喷涂技术制备出含纳米结构的陶瓷涂层.通过水淬法,将涂层试样分别经500、700、900和1 100 ℃加热并保温10 min,然后投入冷水中以测量其抗热震能力,通过宏观和SEM照片加以观察,分析其失效的机理.试验结果表明,该纳米结构涂层在较低温度( ＜700 ℃)具有优良的抗热震性能.     

等离子喷涂纳米热障涂层热震性能

采用等离子喷涂工艺制备常规和纳米结构ZrO2-7%Y2O3热障涂层,比较两种涂层在850℃下的热震性能,并探讨其热震失效机理。结果表明,不管是首次出现宏观裂纹(局部剥落)还是达到热震失效,纳米结构热障涂层的热震次数都明显高于相应的常规涂层。相对于常规涂层,纳米结构涂层有较好的抗热震性能。等离子喷涂常规热障涂层的热震失效形式为大面积整体剥落,而纳米结构热障涂层热震失效形式为边角局部剥落。     

Comparison of thermal shock behaviors between plasma-sprayed nanostructured and conventional zirconia thermal barrier coatings

NiCoCrAlTaY bond coat was deposited on pure nickel substrate by low pressure plasma spraying(LPPS), and ZrO2-8%Y2O3 (mass fraction) nanostructured and ZrO2-7%Y2O3 (mass fraction) conventional thermal barrier coatings(TBCs) were deposited by air plasma spraying(APS). The thermal shock behaviors of the nanostructured and conventional TBCs were investigated by quenching the coating samples in cold water from 1 150, 1 200 and 1 250 ℃, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was used to examine the microstructures of the samples after thermal shock testing. Energy dispersive analysis of X-ray(EDAX) was used to analyze the interface diffusion behavior of the bond coat elements. X-ray diffractometry(XRD) was used to analyze the constituent phases of the samples. Experimental results indicate that the nanostructured TBC is superior to the conventional TBC in thermal shock performance. Both the nanostructured and conventional TBCs fail along the bond coat/substrate interface. The constituent phase of the as-sprayed conventional TBC is diffusionless-transformed tetragonal(t′). However, the constituent phase of the as-sprayed nanostructured TBC is cubic(c). There is a difference in the crystal size at the spalled surfaces of the nanostructured and conventional TBCs. The constituent phases of the spalled surfaces are mainly composed of Ni2.88Cr1.12 and oxides of bond coat elements.     

等离子喷涂热障涂层的隔热性分析

采用大气等离子喷涂方法制备不同类型的氧化钇部分稳定氧化锆热障涂层：传统涂层、纳米团聚粉末制备的纳米涂层和空心球粉末制备的空心球涂层。通过扫描电镜、透射电镜、压汞仪和激光脉冲法观察和测试各种涂层的组织形貌、空隙分布和导热系数,并在相同条件下测试各种涂层的隔热性能。结果表明：纳米涂层空隙率最低,内部孔洞细小。空心球涂层组织相对疏松,内部层片更薄,有最高的空隙率和最大的平均空隙大小。传统涂层介于二者之间。纳米涂层和传统涂层均表现出双态空隙大小分布。涂层的导热系数均随着温度的上升而升高。传统涂层的热导率最高,纳米涂层与空心球涂层的热导率相接近。纳米涂层具有最好的隔热性能,空心球涂层接近纳米涂层的隔热效果。隔热效果与涂层厚度呈线性关系。随着厚度增加,导热系数低的纳米涂层和空心球涂层的隔热效果增长幅度高于传统涂层。     

激光表面重熔对ZrO_2-8wt%Y_2O_3热障涂层组织与抗热震性能的影响

采用等离子喷涂设备在H13热作模具钢表面制备氧化钇部分稳定的氧化锆(ZrO2-8 wt%Y2O3)热障涂层,并用CO2横流激光器对热障涂层进行表面重熔处理,并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热震试验等手段研究激光重熔前后热障涂层的微观结构及其抗热震性能的变化。结果表明,重熔前后涂层均由四方结构钇锆氧化物和立方相的氧化锆组成,重熔后涂层结晶度增加,晶粒有长大现象。激光重熔后涂层产生明显分层,表层组织孔隙和裂纹明显减少,裂纹呈网状且沿晶界分布,重熔涂层内部仍保持等离子喷涂典型结构。激光重熔后涂层孔隙率降低了67%,涂层的抗热震性能也显著提高。     

Processing of yttria partially stabilized zirconia thermal barrier coatings implementing a high-power laser diode

Several studies have been undertaken recently to adapt yttria partially stabilized zirconia (YPSZ) thermal barrier coating (TBC) characteristics during their manufacturing process. Thermal spraying implementing laser irradiation appears to be a possibility for modifying the coating morphology. This study aims to present the results of in situ (i.e., simultaneous treatment) and a posteriori (i.e., post-treatment) laser treatments implementing a high-power laser diode. In both cases, the coatings underwent atmospheric plasma spraying (APS). Laser irradiation was achieved using a 3 kW, average-power laser diode exhibiting an 848 nm wavelength. Experiments were performed to reach two goals. First, laser post-treatments aimed at building a map of the laser-processing parameter effects on the coating microstructure to estimate the laser-processing parameters, which seem to be suited to the change into in situ coating remelting. Second, in situ coating remelting aimed at quantifying the involved phenomena. In that case, the coating was treated layer by layer as it was manufactured. The input energy effect was studied by varying the scanning velocity (i.e., between 35 and 60 m/min), and consequently the irradiation time (i.e., between 1.8 and 3.1 ms, respectively). Experiments showed that coating thermal conductivity was lowered by more than 20% and that coating resistance to isothermal shocks was increased very significantly.     

Ultrafast thermal plasma physical vapor deposition of yttria-stabilized zirconia for novel thermal barrier coatings

This research aims to develop advanced thermal plasma spraying technology for the next-generation thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with a high power hybrid plasma spraying system. By using thermal plasma physical vapor deposition (TP-PVD), various functional structured yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coatings were deposited. Parameters, such as powder feeding rate, hydrogen gas concentration, and total mass flow rate of the plasma gas, were optimized, and their influences on the evaporation of YSZ powder were investigated. Ultrafast deposition of a thick coating was achieved at a rate of over 150 μm/min. The deposited porous coating has a low thermal conductivity of 0.7W/mK and the dense coating with interlaced t′ domains possesses a high nanohardness of 27.85 GPa and a high reflectance. These characteristics show that the TP-PVD technique is a very valuable process for manufacturing novel TBCs.     

Study of microstructure and thermal shock behavior of two types of thermal barrier coatings

Gas turbines provide one of the most severe environments challenging material systems nowadays. Only an appropriate coating system can supply protection particularly for turbine blades. This study was made by comparison of properties of two different types of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in order to improve the surface characteristics of high temperature components. These TBCs consisted of a duplex TBC and a five layered functionally graded TBC. In duplex TBCs, 0.35 mm thick yittria partially stabilized zirconia top coat (YSZ) was deposited by air plasma spraying and ～0.15 mm thick NiCrAlY bond coat was deposited by high velocity oxyfuel spraying. ～0.5 mm thick functionally graded TBC was sprayed by varying the feeding ratio of YSZ/NiCrAlY powders. Both coatings were deposited on IN 738LC alloy as a substrate. Microstructural characterization was performed by SEM and optical microscopy whereas phase analysis and chemical composition changes of the coatings and oxides formed during the tests were studied by XRD and EDX. The performance of the coatings fabricated with the optimum processing conditions was evaluated as a function of intense thermal cycling test at 1100 °C. During thermal shock test, FGM coating failed after 150 and duplex coating failed after 85 cycles. The adhesion strength of the coatings to the substrate was also measured. Finally, it is found that FGM coating has a larger lifetime than the duplex TBC, especially with regard to the adhesion strength of the coatings.