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1.
利用透射电镜研究冲刷腐蚀纯铜试样的表面组织.结果表明,冲刷腐蚀后纯铜表面存在位错胞及六角形位错网络和纳米晶.纳米晶的形成机制为纯铜遵循六角形位错网络相互作用不断细化晶粒,最终由小角度晶界的亚晶逐步演变成大角度晶界的纳米晶.  相似文献   

2.
白云  唐明 《锻压技术》2020,(3):174-178,184
对含有不同显微组织形态的Al-6.5Zn-1.55Mg-0.25Cr-0.1Zr铝合金开展耐应力腐蚀表征,利用EBSD和TEM处理方法深入探讨了试样发生应力腐蚀开裂的特性。研究结果表明:晶粒形成了许多小角度晶界,大角度晶界基本都是由纤维状晶界构成。以挤压工艺制备的Al-Zn铝合金可以对再结晶过程起到抑制作用,由此减小大角度晶界的比例。有大量亚稳态球形Mg-Zn2颗粒分布于等轴晶组织以及纤维组织晶粒中,还有大量纤维组织出现在亚晶结构中;在纤维组织中还可以观察到一些非常细小的亚晶界析出相,颗粒尺寸只有12 nm。原始组织会减小应力耐腐性,在不同时间的裂纹扩展方向也存在较大差异,在临界深度处变成横向排布的裂纹。大角度晶界成为应力腐蚀裂纹的高效扩展通道,当形成小角度亚晶界后则能够对裂纹扩展发挥抑制作用。  相似文献   

3.
应用电子显微镜研究了锆-2合金在613k和773k过热蒸汽中形成的氧化膜,对节状腐蚀也进行研究。黑色氧化膜中存在立方、四方和单斜三种晶体结构的氧化锆,随着温度升高,立方和四方的比例减少。当氧化膜变成白色后,完全转变成了单斜结构。从高分辩电子衍衬图象中可以看到黑色氧化膜的晶体是由~20nm大小的嵌锒块组成,在(100)和(101)晶面上存在一些晶面间距较大的地区,这可能与锡原子的聚集片有关。在氧化膜与金属界面处,节状腐蚀斑形似“花菜”向金属基体内生长,“花菜”表面留下波纹痕迹,这可能与节状腐蚀生长快的特性有关。在白色氧化膜中,可以观察到晶界上存在空洞(<10nm)。根据本实验结果,对作者过去提出的节状腐蚀形成模型作了进一步的讨论。  相似文献   

4.
金属纳米晶粉体材料中的不连续晶粒长大   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
采用高能球磨法制备了Co纳米晶粉体,平均晶粒尺寸为(17±3)nm.设计了一系列宽温度范围的退火实验,考察纯Co纳米晶粉体的晶粒长大行为.实验发现,低温区和高温区的晶粒长大动力学有明显差异,而在中温区出现不连续晶粒长大特征.高分辨透射电镜观测表明:在低温区,纳米晶中存在较大比例的小角度纳米晶界,而在高温区则基本为典型的大角度晶界.结合纳米晶热力学计算和DSC分析,认为纳米晶粒在中温区的突发迅速长大是由残余储存能作为附加驱动力激发的动力学过程,其主导机制是通过相邻小角度位向差的纳米晶粒的转动而实现晶粒快速粗化.  相似文献   

5.
用Zr-4合金的大晶粒样品在360℃/18.6 MPa的0.01 mol/L LiOH水溶液中进行5 h的腐蚀实验,借助SEM,EBSD和HRTEM等分析方法,研究了腐蚀初期氧化膜生长的各向异性、显微组织和氧化物结构.氧化膜的厚度因基体表面晶粒取向不同而有差异(376-455nm),在基面(0001)和棱柱面(01(?)0)附近晶面上生长的氧化膜最厚;氧化膜由单斜、立方和四方结构的氧化物组成;氧化膜的结构和晶粒取向分布也随基体晶粒取向不同而存在差异,在(0001)附近晶面上生成的氧化膜中氧化物结构种类较多、晶粒取向差别较大,这种氧化膜的显微组织在腐蚀过程中可促使氧化膜更快生长.  相似文献   

6.
工业纯铁内部穿晶疲劳微裂纹的扩散愈合过程   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
张海龙  杨君刚  孙军 《金属学报》2002,38(10):1015-1020
采用对称拉压低周疲劳方法在轴对称工业纯铁试样中引入了临界长度约为30μm,穿越铁素体晶界的内部微裂纹,随后在1173K温度下对试样分别进行2和5h的真空加热处理,结果表明,随保温时间的延长,穿晶疲劳微裂纹扁椭圆型的二维纵剖面首先在表面扩散与晶界扩散的耦合作用下在晶界处分隔为两部分,随后在表面扩散单独作用下演化为由多个球形空洞组成的球洞串截面形态,由于晶界在退火过程中的迁移运动,晶界上裂纹演变形成的空洞最终被遗留在晶粒内部,建立了体扩散控制下的晶粒内部空洞的收缩模型,与实验观察结晶对比表明,该模型能够很好地预测晶内空洞的收缩愈合过程。  相似文献   

7.
室温下对纯铝高压扭转10圈,通过电子背散射衍射分析技术(EBSD)研究了高压扭转纯铝的微观组织及晶界结构。结果表明:变形后纯铝的晶粒尺寸细化至250~1200 nm之间,尺寸200~700 nm区间的晶粒最多,占统计晶粒数的76%,平均晶粒尺寸为530 nm,为典型的超细晶组织。经过仔细观察,在极个别细小的超细晶组织周围发现了晶粒尺寸大于1000 nm的粗大晶粒,但就整体而言,变形后纯铝的晶粒分布较为均匀。纯铝高压扭转后大角度晶界占所有晶界的81%,小角度晶界占19%,大角度晶界数量明显高于小角度晶界,这表明变形过程中发生了动态再结晶。纯铝变形后低重位点阵晶界占29. 14%,其中∑3晶界占7. 2%,以非共格孪晶界为主。  相似文献   

8.
制备了带平台的DD403合金变截面单晶铸件,分析了不同抽拉速率下平台区域的枝晶生长和取向演化。结果表明,平台底面由3种类型的区间构成:叶身区、二次枝晶区、平台边缘枝晶的"回路式"生长区。在平台边缘枝晶的"回路式"生长区与二次枝晶区之间的枝晶汇聚界面上,两侧枝晶的取向差由一侧向另一侧逐渐增大。随着抽拉速率的增大,枝晶汇聚界面上的取向差增大,其成为大角度晶界的倾向性增强,且枝晶偏转是枝晶汇聚界面上大角度晶界形成的主要原因。与晶粒间大角度晶界和亚晶粒间小角度晶界上恒定的取向差不同,枝晶汇聚界面上大角度晶界与小角度晶界的取向差是变化的。  相似文献   

9.
为了研究纳米化对DD98M合金热腐蚀行为的影响,采用磁控溅射的方法制备了与其成分相同的纳米晶涂层。运用XRD、SEM/EDS、TEM分别分析了涂层的结构和热腐蚀性能。结果表明:沉积态的纳米晶涂层呈柱状晶结构,有大量沿沉积方向的柱状晶界,晶粒宽度为30~100 nm。涂层为单一的γ相且具有明显的(111)择优取向。在900℃Na_2SO_4+25%K_2SO_4以及Na_2SO_4+25%Na Cl盐中,DD98M合金在5 h内就发生了严重腐蚀。纳米晶涂层在熔融Na_2SO_4+25%K2SO4中表现出了良好的热腐蚀性能,但在Na_2SO_4+25%Na Cl盐中,纳米晶及其预氧化涂层对DD98M合金的抗热腐蚀性能的提高并不明显。纳米晶促进了涂层表面Al_2O_3膜在空气中和熔融Na_2SO_4+25%K2SO4盐中的快速形成,显著提高了DD98M合金在硫酸盐中的抗热腐蚀性能,预氧化处理则使涂层的抗热腐蚀能力进一步提高。  相似文献   

10.
高压扭转纳米结构Al-Mg铝合金的微观结构演变和位错组态   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用透射电镜(TEM)和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)研究高压扭转大塑性变形纳米结构Al-Mg合金的微观结构演变和位错组态。结果表明:对尺寸小于100 nm的晶粒,晶内无位错,其晶界清晰平直;而尺寸大于200 nm的大晶粒通常由几个亚晶或位错胞结构组成,其局部位错密度高达10^17 m^-2。这些位错是1/2〈110〉型60°位错,且往往以位错偶和位错环的形式出现。在高压扭转Al-Mg合金的超细晶晶粒中,用HRTEM同时观察到分别由0°纯螺型位错和60°混合位错分解产生的Shockley部分位错而形成的微孪晶和层错。这些直接证据证实,通常存在于FCC纳米晶中由晶界发射部分位错而产生孪晶和层错的变形机制,同样可以存在于超细晶FCC金属中。基于实验结果,分析了高压扭转Al-Mg合金中的局部高密度位错、位错胞、非平衡晶界、层错和孪晶等对晶粒细化的作用,提出了相应的晶粒细化机制。  相似文献   

11.
The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.  相似文献   

12.
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.  相似文献   

13.
In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.  相似文献   

14.
After nearly two years' tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry (SRIF), located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.  相似文献   

15.
韩磊 《腐蚀与防护》2015,36(1):84-90,94
综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。  相似文献   

16.
Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.  相似文献   

17.
正Harbin General Hydraulic Machinery Works Co.,Ltd.of Yilin Hydraulic Group is the most professional production base of large-scale metallurgy oil cylinder and oil machinery cylinder in the Northeast of China.The main products include metallurgy cylinder,swell-shrink cylinder,rotating injection device,lifting cylinder,main lifting jack,front lifting jack,engineering oil cyl-  相似文献   

18.
<正>Copyright Information For Authors As soon as an article is accepted for publication,authors will be requested to assign copyright of the article(or to grant exclusive publication and dissemination rights)to the publisher(respective the owner if other than Springer).This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information under copyright laws.More information about copyright regulations for this journal is available at  相似文献   

19.
《中国铸造》2014,(6):539-539
The ANKIROS/ANNOFER/TURKCAST shows held on Sept. 11-14, 2014, in Istanbul, Turkey, provided an ideal opportunity for the World Foundry Organization Executive Board to meet and discuss member benefits. Nine executive board members attended the meeting, including Dr. Lou Yanchun, Vice President of FICMES and President of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry. During the board meeting, the WFO executives agreed to establish a special working group which is responsible for drafting a strategical plan for the WFO and submitting it for discussion at the next board meeting in 2015.  相似文献   

20.
《中国铸造》2014,(5):460-463
The 9th China International Diecasting Congress and the 1st International Symposium on Nonferrous Alloys and Special Casting Technologies (ISNASCT) were successfully held in Shanghai on July 19-22, 2014. Both events were jointly sponsored by Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society, Die Casting Commission of World Foundry Organization and Non-Ferrous Materials Commission of World Foundry Organization, and organized by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (FICMES) and China Productivity Promotion Center of Foundry Industry.  相似文献   

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