外花键冷滚打成形力解析方法

为确定外花键冷滚打的力能参数,分析了冷滚打金属变形区的特点,在一次冷滚打过程中,变形区参数和位置随滚打轮的移动不断变化,接触弧和压下量都很小,在冷滚打初始阶段存在不完整变形区。提出了计算冷滚打单位压力和变形力的解析方法,将一次冷滚打过程离散为无限多个复杂断面的冷滚轧过程,给出了冷滚打单位压力和变形力的解析公式,确定了冷滚打单位压力值及其分布特征。为验证解析方法,建立冷滚打有限元模型并计算了冷滚打成形力,改造卧式铣床进行冷滚打实验,测量了冷滚打成形力。将解析公式预测结果与仿真和实测结果进行对比,结果表明:冷滚打径向力最大值误差分别约为7%和4%,冷滚打径向力变化曲线基本相符,但一次冷滚打过程时间略短。解析方法正确地预测了冷滚打变形力的大小和变化过程。     

齿条冷滚打成形摩擦系数的求解方法

针对冷滚打成形摩擦系数的确定问题,首先对滚打轮与毛坯进行受力分析,建立了摩擦系数与滚打力、接触角和压力角之间的数学关系,然后对不考虑摩擦条件下的滚打力进行有限元仿真,根据仿真结果反求出接触角和压力角,最终结合实际实验得到的滚打力求得了滚打轮与毛坯之间的摩擦系数。采用这一方法求得了不同工艺参数条件下冷滚打成形的摩擦系数,利用所求摩擦系数进行了相应的仿真,仿真成形力与实验成形力误差小于5%;并对相同条件下的摩擦磨损实验进行了验证,证明了这一确定摩擦系数方法的有效性。     

基于ABAQUS的丝杠冷滚打变形力仿真

丝杠冷滚打成形是一种新型的绿色近净塑性成形技术,其中的变形力是冷滚打成形过程中一个非常重要的因素,不仅关系到材料的应力和应变,还是设备设计、验算工具强度、制定合理工艺制度的重要依据.基于仿真进行丝杠冷滚打变形力的研究,介绍丝杠冷滚打的原理,讨论基于 ABAQUS的有限元模型的建立,在此基础上进行了丝杠单次滚打正应力、切应力的仿真,进而获得了变形力及其分力随时间的变化情况,为后续研究奠定了基础.     

高速冷滚打成形硬化程度预测模型建立

为提高冷滚打成形工件的表面质量,改进冷滚打成形工艺,以渐开线花键为研究对象,进行了高速冷滚打成形工件的显微硬度试验,并对实验得到的数据进行了数理统计分析,根据冷滚打加工参数对工件齿廓不同位置表面硬化程度的影响关系,采用曲面响应法建立了成形花键齿廓不同位置表面硬化程度随滚打轮转速和工件进给量变化的多元回归模型,并对模型进行了显著性检验及方差分析,通过试验数据与预测模型的对比分析,证明了该模型在滚打条件相近的情况下,能够对齿廓不用位置的表面硬化程度起到精确的经验预测作用。     

冷滚打成形表层残余应力模型建立

为提高冷滚打成形工件的表面性能,实现对冷滚打成形过程中残余应力的控制,以渐开线花键为研究对象,采用轮廓法测量冷滚打成形花键齿廓不同位置的残余应力,依据实验结果采用响应曲面法建立冷滚打成形花键齿廓齿根处、分度圆处和齿顶处的残余压应力峰值和残余压应力层深与冷滚打成形参数的关系模型,对比分析了实验结果与模型的预测结果。研究表明所建立的残余压应力峰值模型的最大预测误差为3.3%,残余压应力层深模型的最大预测误差为6.1%,预测结果具有较高的可信度,可以进行不同冷滚打成形参数的齿廓空间残余应力和残余压应力层深度的预测。     

齿轮高速冷滚打温度及应力分布研究

通过数值模拟和实验的方法,研究了齿轮冷滚打成形过程中温度的分布规律.论述了冷滚打成形原理,建立了其成形过程的有限元模型,对成形过程的温度分布进行了分析.结果表明:由于滚打轮和材料之间的摩擦作用,齿坯温度上升;但又因材料热传导率较高,这些综合因素使得齿坯温度上升较慢.     

花键冷敲精密成形过程数值模拟与分析

本文基于ABAQUS软件,采用动态显式有限元法建立了花键冷敲精密成形过程的有限元模型,通过三维数值模拟,研究并揭示了花键冷敲成形过程中滚打力随时间的变化规律和应变分布与演变规律。结果表明:花键冷敲初始阶段滚打力较大,之后平稳上升,并呈现断续周期性变化。分析了冷敲过程结束后,由于齿形部分等效应变分布不均匀,导致花键齿顶出现弓形和齿槽表面出现皱纹等缺陷,提出了改进措施。     

20钢花键冷滚打成形表层物理力学性能优化

为了实现对20钢花键冷滚打成形表层物理力学性能的合理控制,以冷滚打转速、进给量和滚打轮圆角半径为试验参数,进行了冷滚打成形正交试验,分别测量花键分度圆处的表层加工硬化程度和残余应力,采用田口理论信噪比权衡各加工参数对花键表层物理力学性能的影响程度;运用熵权理论与田口过程能力指数设置各评价指标的权重,建立花键表层物理力学性能的改进田口过程能力指数优化模型,使用广义简约梯度法对模型进行优化,将得到的最优加工工艺参数组合通过冷滚打成形试验进行验证,并对其表层微观组织形貌进行观察和分析。结果表明:进给量对冷滚打花键表层物理力学性能影响程度最大,滚打轮圆角半径次之,冷滚打转速最小;花键表层物理力学性能最优加工参数组合为冷滚打转速1581 r·mm-1,进给量42 mm·min-1,滚打轮圆角半径2 mm;所对应的花键表层物理力学性能最优值为:表层加工硬化程度148. 92%,表层残余应力-85. 83 MPa。     

数控花键冷敲机滚打轮最小轴径的优化设计及验证

针对冷敲花键成形中滚打轮敲击工件时承受瞬间冲击力建立滚打轮的挠度方程,为求得滚打轮的轴径大小,建立了滚打轮轴径质量最小的数学模型,采用外点惩罚函数法求解模型,得出滚打轮轴的最小半径,依据此优化后的结果建立几何模型并用Anasys Workbench静力分析来进行辅助验证,结果满足设计要求。     

冷滚打成形对花键组织与性能的影响

通过显微观察等测试手段,对花键在冷滚打加工时形成的纤维组织、齿形表层硬度分布等进行了研究;分析了冷滚打成形过程中,等轴晶被拉伸形成金属纤维的过程以及齿形表层硬化的原因.试验表明:花键冷滚打加工使工件内部晶粒破碎、细化并拉伸形成了与花键齿形一致的金属纤维组织,冷滚打的冷作硬化使花键齿表层硬度及抗冲击能力有较大提高;高应力在改善花键齿形表面质量的同时,也可能导致高变形抗力,使滚打轮过早失效.     

筒形件磁脉冲辅助冲压成形数值模拟

针对磁脉冲辅助冲压成形过程,提出了基于ANSYS平台的有限元分析程式,通过编制用户子程序,采用重启动分析法,建立了冲压预成形过程显式求解和瞬态磁脉冲成形"松散"耦合分析之间的动态连接,并用于5052-O铝合金圆筒形拉深件磁脉冲辅助冲压成形过程的有限元仿真研究。结果表明,所建立的有限元分析方案,能实现圆筒形件磁脉冲辅助冲压成形连续变形过程的模拟,板坯变形信息体现了准静态冲压变形和高速率磁脉冲成形之间的耦合。有限元模拟结果与实验吻合较好。     

Analysis of plastic bending of adhesive-bonded sheet metals taking account of viscoplasticity of adhesive

The present authors proposed a new technique of plastic bending of adhesive-bonded sheet metals. In this process, large transverse shear deformation occurs in the adhesive layer, which in some cases would induce the geometrical imperfection (so-called ‘gull-wing bend’) and the delamination. Since the strength of the adhesive is highly rate-sensitive, the amount of shear deformation of the adhesive layer and, as a result, ‘gull-wing bend’, are strongly influenced by the forming speed. In the present work, the effect of forming speed on the deformation characteristics of adhesively bonded aluminium sheets was investigated by performing V-bending experiments with various punch speeds at room temperature. In order to discuss the effect quantitatively, the numerical simulations for the bending were also conducted using a rate-dependent constitutive model of plasticity for the adhesive. Consequently, it was found that the large shear deformation and ‘gull-wing bend’ are suppressed by high-speed forming since the deformation resistance becomes higher at high strain rate.     

高应变率成形极限图测试与仿真研究进展

高应变率成形是一种在极短时间内释放高能量而使金属变形的成形方法,研究表明高应变率能显著提高多种金属材料的成形极限能力。通过高速杯突实验绘制成形极限曲线,可反映金属在高应变率下的成形能力,从而指导冲压设计。文中介绍了目前常用的几种高速杯突实验设备,包含气压、液压和电磁等驱动方式,并对高应变率下的成形极限图进行了分析和总结,文中还介绍了高速杯突成形目前常用模拟仿真方法,最后对高应变率成形极限图测试研究进行了展望。     

电磁平板自由胀形3D数值模拟(英文)

电磁成形是一种高速率成形方法,它能够有效提高金属板材的成形极限。但是电磁成形过程复杂,涉及到磁场?结构场之间的耦合分析。数值模拟提供一种手段去解决耦合问题。然而,大多数的数值模拟都限于2D。建立3D有限元模型去分析电磁平板胀形。成形过程中考虑了板料与底模的接触和板料变形对磁场的影响。板料中心节点和半径20mm处节点的位移随着时间的变化与实验结果一致。分析了塑性应变能和塑性应变。     

Fragmented chip formation mechanism in high-speed cutting from the perspective of stress wave effect

In this study, fragmented chip formation mechanism in high speed cutting (HSC) process is explored by using continuum-based discrete element method (DEM) based on the stress wave theory. The continuum-based DEM model established with Godunov frame is suitable for capturing multiple cracks propagation under high-speed impact. The chip forming mechanism based on stress wave theory is quantitatively analysed by DEM simulations against experimental data, which shows that the unloading wave reflected by the free surface of chips under high-speed conditions has a fundamental influence on chip formation.     

一种超高强度钢高速冲击下塑性变形测试方法

通过弹丸冲击超高强度钢试验的研究,采用 CATIA三维软件进行曲面重构与等体积计算分析,发现在高应变率10⁴ s条件下塑性变形远大于准静态塑性变形,并提出了一种测定超高强度钢高应变率下塑性变形的评价方法,对超高强度钢在汽车、航空航天、矿山机械等行业的应用具有一定的意义。     

Determination of the flow curve at high strain rates using electromagnetic punch stretching

A simple new method is proposed and applied to determine the flow curve of aluminum alloy 1100-O at high strain rates. A high-speed camera was used to record the free flying process, from which the retrieved images were used to characterize the impacting velocity. The determined flow curve was established by combining the effective stress retrieved from the simulation and the effective strain measured from the deformed workpiece. Moreover, an iteration procedure was utilized to improve the accuracy of the determined flow curve. Using the determined flow curve to simulate the forming process, the simulated deformation performed good agreement with the experimental result, where the deviation of effective strain could be reduced from 17.9% to 6.74%. Besides, the effective strains reached in these high rate forming experiments exceed the effective strain at failure determined in a quasi-static tensile test. The material could be deformed to the effective strain of 0.56 without any fracture.     

Expansion of a low conductive metal tube by an electromagnetic forming process: Finite element modeling

The expansion of a metal tube by means of an electromagnetic forming (EMF) process is attractive because EMF has a high forming rate and can reduce residual stress. The forming forces in EMF are Lorentz forces. They are derived from a repulsive interaction between a transient electric current induced in a coil with the aid of a capacitor bank and an eddy current induced in a metal tube by means of a transient current. Highly conductive metals are suitable for EMF-based tube expansion but tubes of low conductive metals are often used for industrial purposes. We studied various methods of using EMF to increase the formability of low conductive metals. In particular, we used a finite element method to compute an electromagnetic field coupled with temperature and deformation of a metal tube. Our results show that a highly conductive layer can increase the formability of a low conductive metal.