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1.
针对镍基高温合金叶片强化与修复的需求,在高温合金K438基体上激光熔覆Inconel 738合金涂层。分析了基体组织及熔覆层中微观缺陷对熔覆层裂纹的影响。结果表明,激光熔覆时大多数裂纹是从基体一侧形成后深入到熔覆层中或产生于层与层之间的搭接区,裂纹沿晶界扩展。沿晶界分布的低熔点共晶物是主要的裂纹源。激光熔覆时,晶界处的γ/γ′低熔点共晶物熔化,形成晶界液膜,冷却时,在残余拉应力的作用下被拉开,形成裂纹,裂纹一旦形成就会沿晶界迅速扩展。  相似文献   

2.
激光成形修复K418高温合金的显微组织与开裂行为   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
研究了激光成形修复航空发动机涡轮叶片用K418高温合金的组织特征与开裂行为。研究发现:K418合金激光修复区组织主要由γ-FeCr0.29Ni0.16C0.06固溶体基体、方形γ′相、枝晶间杆状或骨架状初生MC碳化物和骨架状(γ+MC)共晶组成。激光成形修复所用铸件基体中MC碳化物为TiC,呈块状分布在晶内和晶界;而激光修复区中MC碳化物为(NbTi)C,呈骨架状或杆状分布于枝晶间。从基体、热影响区到修复区,γ′相形貌、尺寸和数量呈现不同特征。修复区裂纹为与液膜有关的结晶裂纹,裂纹沿枝晶晶界扩展。通过试验优化,确定了较佳的激光成形修复K418合金的工艺参数,大大降低了其开裂倾向。  相似文献   

3.
以第二代单晶高温合金DD432为研究对象开展激光增材修复实验,利用实验与理论计算相结合的手段,分析和研究了单晶高温合金在激光增材修复过程中的热裂纹形成机制。结果表明,单晶修复区内热裂纹在大角度晶界处形成,裂纹两侧呈现显著应力集中,裂纹源区域分布大量MC型碳化物。热裂纹的形成取决于液膜的稳定性、应力集中及碳化物析出相的共同作用。液膜稳定性取决于枝晶凝并过冷度,并与相邻晶粒间的晶界角度密切相关。基于Rappaz枝晶凝固过冷理论,计算获得DD432单晶合金形成稳定液膜的最小晶界角为2.9°,即该合金热裂纹形成的临界角;大角度晶界处的枝晶凝并过冷度为395 K,远高于晶粒内部枝晶间液膜的过冷度(29.58 K)以及小角度晶界(3.6°)处的枝晶凝并过冷度(56 K),大角度晶界为开裂提供了稳定液膜;沉积区内部的高水平应力集中驱动了热裂纹的萌生与扩展;MC型碳化物析出相通过“钉扎作用”抑制液相补缩及弱化与基体之间结合强度等作用进一步促进了热裂纹形成。  相似文献   

4.
目的 研究采用IN939粉材对镍基高温部件增材修复的可行性,获得增材修复区微观组织与性能分布规律,为燃机部件修复提供支持.方法 探索了IN939合金激光熔覆成形工艺,并进一步开展了IN939增材修复镍基合金梯形槽试验研究,分析了增材修复区显微组织结构与物相组成,研究了激光再制造过程组织变化对修复区显微硬度、拉伸性能的影响.结果 IN939激光修复区形貌良好,组织致密,无明显裂纹、气孔等缺陷.熔覆层主要存在γ奥氏体相和Laves相.IN939修复区由底部至顶部,冷却速率逐渐减小,导致一次枝晶间距逐渐增大,Laves相分布先增多后略有减小.修复区界面处的平均横向残余拉应力为346 MPa.修复区显微硬度由底部至顶部呈现先增大后略有减小的趋势,修复区的平均显微硬度强于基体.修复件的平均屈服强度为548 MPa,极限抗拉强度为959 MPa.激光修复件的拉伸断裂于基体上,显示出IN939合金与基体良好的冶金结合.结论 激光增材修复后,IN939镍基合金修复区的机械性能与结合性能良好,采用IN939粉材进行镍基高温合金的激光增材修复具备可行性.  相似文献   

5.
对铸造定向DZ125镍基高温合金进行单道多层的激光成形修复实验。通过光镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜对修复区进行微观组织观察,使用电子探针测定不同相及修复区枝晶干的成分。结果表明:通过激光成形修复的方法可以获得自原基材外延生长的细小定向γ柱状晶修复组织,仅在修复区顶部存在部分取向杂乱的等轴晶组织;相比铸造定向基材,沉积态修复区呈现快速外延定向凝固特征,导致修复区的成分偏析减轻,枝晶间MC型碳化物相比基材显著细化,呈块状或正八面体状,枝晶间同时分布有γ+γ′共晶组织;另外,在γ枝晶干分布着近100 nm的球形γ′相,且部分γ′相颗粒有相互连接的现象。总体上,修复区一次枝晶间距、碳化物及γ′相尺度比修复基材显著细化。  相似文献   

6.
传统牌号高强镍基高温合金具有较宽的凝固温度区间、较高比例的低熔点共晶相,在增材制造快速非平衡凝固过程中易产生裂纹等缺陷;同时,热处理过程中残余应力释放和γ’相快速析出导致应变时效裂纹的形成,严重限制了其在激光增材制造领域的应用与推广。基于此,本文综述了近年来国内外研究组及作者团队在选区激光熔化高强镍基高温合金裂纹形成机理与抗裂纹设计(成形工艺参数优化、热处理制度调控以及合金成分设计)领域相关的研究进展,并对激光增材制造γ’相强化镍基高温合金裂纹调控的研究进行了展望。  相似文献   

7.
本文用金相、相分析、电镜,特别是扫描电镜、电子探针等手段对铸造镍基合金焊接液化裂纹、焊接热影响区晶界经受焊接高温过程的变化进行了综合研究。提出了某些铸造镍基合金液化裂纹产生的机理:①在焊接高温下,沿晶界及晶界附近的γ γ′共晶及其反应前缘富Zr 等低熔物熔化;④沿晶界及晶界附近的TiC 全部或部分溶解、产生“组分液化”;③这些液相沿晶界漫流形成液化晶界的部分在焊接收缩应力下开裂。根据上述裂纹产生机理调整了某铸造镍基合金成分,合金的液化裂纹倾向性得到了改善。根据液化裂纹成因,采取了防止措施,在产品焊接上取得了良好效果。  相似文献   

8.
对K438高温合金补焊件热处理裂纹进行了研究,观察了裂纹的分布特征,分析了不同裂纹的形成机理。结果表明,热处理后热影响区出现两类裂纹:不连续的液化裂纹和起始于熔合区,向母材扩展的应变时效裂纹。应变时效裂纹取决于焊缝的残余应力和敏感组织,M_(23)C_6和M_6C的存在增加了晶界脆性,增大了裂纹开裂的倾向性。当应力超过合金的强度极限即发生开裂。液化裂纹是由于晶界的低熔点(γ+γ′)共晶相在热处理时被重新熔化,削弱了晶粒间的内聚力,导致裂纹的产生。  相似文献   

9.
激光快速成形Rene88DT高温合金开裂机理研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用微观测试分析方法对沉淀增强型镍基高温合金Rene88DT激光快速成形裂纹产生机理进行了研究。发现裂纹为液化裂纹,具有典型的沿晶开裂特征。激光快速成形过程中,沉积当前层时,已经凝固的前一层沉积层经受再热循环,晶界处的γ/γ′低熔共晶发生液化,在随沉积过程进行而逐渐增大的残余拉伸应力的作用下被拉开,形成液化裂纹。激光成形件组织具有典型的外延柱状生长特点,沉积层底部为近似平行于沉积方向的细长枝晶,其顶部由于热流方向改变枝晶发生转向,在沉积下一层时,道与道之间的搭接区容易存在转向枝晶未熔的区域,因此生长方向偏离沉积方向一定角度的枝晶在搭接区交汇形成晶界,使得该区域成为开裂的敏感区域。柱状枝晶的晶界沿层与层之间具有贯通的渠道,液化裂纹一旦形成就会沿晶界迅速扩展,因此裂纹大体沿道与道之间措接区域发展。  相似文献   

10.
对GH99合金在激光近净成形过程中裂纹形成的原因进行了研究和讨论,提出了优化工艺参数的解决办法。结果表明:内部裂纹呈现为短线状-针状,其在柱状晶晶界或二次枝晶间形成,垂直于沉积方向,沿细密的定向组织晶界分布和扩展;在晶界上Al和Ti元素的富集容易析出γ′(Ni_3(AlTi))相,弱化了晶界,使晶界熔化并在凝固时难以补缩,造成裂纹形核;在快速的热循环过程中,残余应力的不断累积造成裂纹沿晶界扩展;通过优化工艺参数以降低热输入,可以克服GH99合金在激光近净成形中的热裂纹形成,实现构件的无裂纹增材成形。  相似文献   

11.
In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.  相似文献   

12.
The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.  相似文献   

13.
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.  相似文献   

14.
After nearly two years' tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry (SRIF), located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.  相似文献   

15.
韩磊 《腐蚀与防护》2015,36(1):84-90,94
综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。  相似文献   

16.
The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.  相似文献   

17.
On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes' collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.  相似文献   

18.
Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.  相似文献   

19.
正Harbin General Hydraulic Machinery Works Co.,Ltd.of Yilin Hydraulic Group is the most professional production base of large-scale metallurgy oil cylinder and oil machinery cylinder in the Northeast of China.The main products include metallurgy cylinder,swell-shrink cylinder,rotating injection device,lifting cylinder,main lifting jack,front lifting jack,engineering oil cyl-  相似文献   

20.
<正>Copyright Information For Authors As soon as an article is accepted for publication,authors will be requested to assign copyright of the article(or to grant exclusive publication and dissemination rights)to the publisher(respective the owner if other than Springer).This will ensure the widest possible protection and dissemination of information under copyright laws.More information about copyright regulations for this journal is available at  相似文献   

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