富铁Fe-Nd-Al系大块非晶合金的制备及其性能

利用普通的铜模铸造制备了一系列富Fe的Fe-Nd-Al块状非晶合金,采用X射线衍射仪、差示量热扫描仪、振动样品磁场仪和Instron万能材料试验机研究了Fe-Nd-Al块状非晶合金的热稳定性、室温磁性和力学性能。结果表明：Fe50Nd35Al15、Fe45Nd40Al15和Fe42.5Nd42.5Al15块状非晶合金的△Tm（△Tm=Tm-Tx）和晶化开始温度（Tx）与熔点（Tm）的比值分别为106、90和64K及0.88、0.90和0.93;其临界尺寸分别为1.5、3和4mm。此外,随Fe含量的减少,大块非晶的非晶形成能力和硬磁性能提高,但其力学性能有所下降。     

Nd对Mg65Cu22Ni3Y10非晶形成能力及热稳定性的影响

利用楔形铜模铸造法成功制备了Mg65Cu22Ni3Y10-xNdx(x=0、2、4、5、6、8)块体非晶合金,采用XRD、DSC研究了Nd对该合金体系热稳定性和非晶形成能力(GFA)的影响。结果表明,当x=2、4时,Nd的添加可有效提高该合金的GFA和热稳定性;当Nd含量为2%(摩尔分数)时,合金具有最高的过冷液相区(ΔTx=61.5K)及最好的热稳定性;当x=5时,尽管过冷液相区(ΔTx=48.5K)最窄,但此时合金具有最强的非晶形成能力(Trg=Tg/Tl=0.568)和临界厚度(δmax=3.8mm);随着Nd的进一步增加(x>5),合金的玻璃形成能力降低。     

Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5-xPdx块状非晶合金的玻璃形成能力和热稳定性

用铜模铸造方法制备了不同尺寸的Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5-xPdx(x=0,1,3,5)块状非晶合金，采用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描差热分析（DSC）和透射电镜（TEM）分别为Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5-xPdx块状非晶样品的结构、热稳定性和微观组织进行了研究。结果表明：x=1时，合金具有最高的过冷液相区（高达100K）及最大的热稳定性，而对合金的玻璃形成能力影响不大，这说明用适量的Pd代表Zr55Al10Cu30Ni5合金中的Ni会提高合金的热稳定性；x=3时，合金的热稳定性有所提高，但降低了合金的玻璃形成能力；x=5时，非晶合金的热稳定性和玻璃形成能力同时降低。     

Fe75-xMxHf3Y2B20(M=Co, Nb; x=0, 4)块体非晶合金的制备及其热、软磁性能

采用单辊法和铜模铸造法制备了Fe75-xMxHf3Y2B20(M=Co,Nb;x=0,4 at%)合金系的非晶薄带和非晶棒样品,并测试了该非晶合金系的差示扫描量热曲线、X射线衍射图谱和软磁性能.结果表明:少量的Nb或Co替代Fe75Hf3Y2B20中的Fe元素,合金的热稳定性和玻璃形成能力可得到明显的提高;其中Fe71Nb4Hf3Y2820的过冷液相区宽度△Tx高达75 K,约化玻璃转变温度Trg为0.58,直径达4 mm,饱和磁感应强度为0.97～1.08 T,该非晶合金同时具有较大的热稳定性、较强的玻璃形成能力和较好的软磁性能.     

Y对Cu基非晶合金形成能力和腐蚀行为的影响

采用铜模吸铸法制备出成分为(Cu50Zr45Al5)100-xYx(x=0,1,2,3,4,5)的合金试样。利用X射线衍射,金相显微镜,差热分析和电化学极化曲线的方法研究了Y对Cu-Zr-Al系非晶合金的结构、玻璃形成能力和腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,适量Y的添加提高了非晶合金的玻璃形成能力和热稳定性,当Y含量为2%时合金的过冷液相区宽度为ΔTx=Tx-Tg=64K,约化玻璃转变温度Trg=Tg/T1=0.601,玻璃形成能力γ=Tx/(Tg+T1)=0.409(Tg,Tx,T1分别为非晶合金的玻璃转变温度,晶化开始温度和熔化温度)。非晶合金在3.5%的NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性随Y含量的增加而降低。     

Nd60Fe20Al10-xCo10Bx非晶合金的结构、磁性能和晶化行为的研究

采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)，X射线衍射(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)研究了Nd60Fe20Al10-xCo10Bx(x=0，2，5)大块非晶合金的结构、磁性能和晶化行为。结果表明：Nd60Fe20Al10-xCo10Bx非晶合金在晶化前既没有发生玻璃转变也没有过冷液相区；Nd60Fe20Al10Co10合金的DSC曲线上在360℃～475℃之间有1个宽的放热峰，加入2at％～5at％的B后该放热峰消失。铸态Nd60Fe20Al10-xCo10Bx(x=0，2，5)大块非晶合金在室温具有硬磁性。随B含量的增加，合金的内禀矫顽力显著增加，而饱和磁化强度和剩磁则有所下降。B的加入使Nd60Fe20Al10Co10合金的晶化行为发生明显变化。     

Fe-Co-Ni-Zr-Mo-W-B块体非晶合金的玻璃形成能力与热稳定性

采用铜模铸造法,可以制备出直径为3 mm的非晶圆柱棒.结合差热分析、X射线衍射和透射电镜分析测试结果,从动力学和结构学等方面阐述了Ni元素对Fe58Co10-xNixZr10Mo5W2B15(x=0,3,4,5,6,摩尔分数,%)合金系玻璃形成能力和热稳定性的影响.结果表明:Ni元素含量的微量变化可以明显改善Fe58Co10-xNixZr10Mo5W2B15(x=0,3,4,5,6)合金系的玻璃形成能力;当Ni含量达到4%时,Fe58Co6Ni4Zr10Mo5W2B15具有最佳的玻璃形成能力,晶化温度(Tx)、玻璃转变温度(Tg)、过冷液相区宽度(△Tx)、玻璃形成能力判据Trg和y分别为887 K、957 K、70 K、0.590 2和0.400 4.     

一种新型Nd基块体非晶合金

在铜模铸造条件下制备了直径2．5mm的Nd61Fe30Zn9块状非晶合金．在普通DSC条件下，没有观察到这种合金的玻璃转变温度，晶化温度为730K，比Nd60Fe30Al10非晶合金的晶化温度低约70K，因此该合金的热稳定性较低．熔化行为分析表明，合金Nd61Fe30Zn9的熔化过程为单峰吸热过程，且熔化区间仅为54K，说明该合金的成分接近合金的共晶成分，但母合金的自然凝固组织不具有共晶凝固特点，表现为粗大的枝晶状组织．讨论了成分和组织对合金非晶形成能力的影响．     

Gd含量对Cu50Zr42Al8非晶形成能力及热稳定性的影响

利用铜模铸造法成功制备了锥形Cu50-xZr42Al8Gdx(x=0、1、2、3、4、5)块体非晶合金,采用XRD、DSC研究了Gd的添加对该合金体系非晶形成能力(GFA)和热稳定性的影响.结果表明,x=2,4时的合金非晶形成能力最大,非晶合金的临界尺寸为6～7 mm,这也说明适量Gd的添加可以促进非晶的形成能力.加入稀土元素2%Gd后,非晶合金具有最好的热稳定性(ATx=69K),但随着Gd含量的增加,过冷液相区△Tx逐渐减小.本实验中,约化玻璃转变温度Trg和参数γ不是十分的吻合,而具有相对小的△Tx值的合金却有着相对大的非晶形成能力,这意味着非晶合金的非晶形成能力与其热稳定性没有必然的联系.     

Nd对块体Mg-Cu-Y-Nd非晶合金玻璃形成能力的影响

在非真空熔炼条件下采用工业纯原材料和负压铜模吸铸法制备Mg65Cu25Y10-xNdx(x=0,2,4,6,8,10)棒状试样,利用差示扫描量热(DSC)和X射线衍射(XRD)等方法分析Nd对Mg-Cu-Y-Nd非晶合金玻璃形成能力的影响。结果表明:Nd的含量(x)为0,4,6成分的合金试样具有完全非晶态组织,且x=4时具有最大的玻璃形成能力,其约化玻璃转变温度(Trg)为0.592,过冷液相区宽度(ΔTx)高达66 K;当x为2,8,10时,由于合金成分明显偏离共晶成分,玻璃形成能力降低,试样只含有少量非晶,且主要呈晶体组织特征。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.