稀土元素添加对铁基非晶复合材料腐蚀行为影响

采用工业原料经包覆剂(CaO-Fe₂O₃-SiO₂)处理制备Fe-15Mn-5Si-14Cr-0.2C非晶复合材料棒状试样,添加稀土元素Ce、Dy及Ce+Dy,通过XRD研究稀土元素对微观组织的影响;采用电化学工作站三电极体系测试试样在1mol/L的HCl及1mol/L的NaOH中的腐蚀行为。结果表明：合金在添加稀土元素的组织依然为非晶复合材料(过冷奥氏体相CFe_15.1+ 铁素体相Fe-Cr),加入1%Ce的试样在HCl及NaOH的耐蚀性均为最佳,在HCl中自腐蚀电位为-0.16205V,自腐蚀电流密度为7.6999×10^₈A.cm^_-2,极化阻值达到9.5774×10^₈Ω.cm^₂,在NaOH自腐蚀电位和自腐蚀电流密度为-0.1839V,1.7453×10^_-8A.cm^_-2,极化阻值为7.1574×10^₈Ω.cm^₂,耐蚀性远优于AISI304,是潜力巨大的耐蚀材料。     

超疏水涂层的制备及其对Mg-Li合金的防腐蚀性能

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成纳米 SiO₂ ,并用乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(VTMS)进行表面改性,在高化学活性的镁锂(Mg-Li)合金表面制备了超疏水防腐蚀涂层。 利用红外光谱(FTIR)分析 SiO2 和改性 SiO₂ 的化学结构,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察不同氨水含量下制备的超疏水涂层的表面形貌。 采用接触角(CA) 测试超疏水涂层的疏水性,通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和动电位极化曲线分析超疏水涂层的防腐蚀性能,采用 X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS)分析 Mg-Li 合金表面的化学成分变化情况。 结果表明,当所用氨水与 TEOS 的质量比达到 1 ∶1时,制备的超疏水涂层表面表现出良好的粗糙度,接触角达到 151°,滚动角只有 5°。 超疏水纳米 SiO₂ 涂层对 Mg-Li 合金具有良好的防腐蚀性能,阻抗值达到 10⁵ Ω,腐蚀电流密度仅为 6. 19×10^-8 A/ cm² 。     

超音速大气等离子喷涂TiB2-SiC涂层的抗氧化性及耐熔盐腐蚀性能

采用超音速大气等离子喷涂制备全包覆TiB₂-SiC涂层,研究了TiB₂-SiC涂层在400和800 ℃的氧化性能,并探究其氧化机理。对TiB₂-SiC涂层在900 ℃下的抗铝熔盐腐蚀性能进行研究,并探讨其耐熔盐腐蚀机理。结果表明,超音速大气等离子喷涂制备的TiB₂-SiC涂层具有良好的抗氧化性,在400 ℃的氧化速率常数为1.92×10^-5 mg²·cm^-4·s^-1,在800 ℃的氧化速率常数为1.82×10^-4 mg²·cm^-4·s^-1。超音速大气等离子喷涂制备的TiB₂-SiC涂层在900 ℃下具有良好的抗熔盐腐蚀性能,熔盐腐蚀后TiB₂-SiC涂层都保持致密结构,未发生涂层的开裂及剥落。     

电流密度对ZK60镁合金表面超疏水涂层的制备及耐腐蚀性的影响

为了提高镁合金的耐腐蚀性能,基于层状双氢氧化物（LDHs）膜在ZK60镁合金表面制备了超疏水（SH）涂层。涂层制备过程中引入电场辅助,研究了工作电流密度对涂层性能的影响。结果表明,工作电流密度显著影响LDHs膜的微观结构,这对SH涂层的疏水性具有重要影响。当工作电流密度为25 mA/cm²时,SH涂层表面呈现均匀的微纳米结构,并表现出超疏水性。超疏水涂层的腐蚀电流密度（I_corr=9×10^-7 A·cm^-2）比ZK60基体的腐蚀电流密度（I_corr=3×10^-5 A·cm^-2）低了2个数量级,表现出优异的耐腐蚀性。     

纳米柱状多孔WO3- x /TiO2 薄膜的电致变色性能

采用反应磁控溅射在掠射角度α=0°和α=80°的条件下制备氧化钨（WO_3-x）薄膜,然后在其表面沉积二氧化钛（TiO₂）。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）和X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）对WO_3-x/TiO₂薄膜的晶体结构、表面/断面形貌以及表面化学成分进行表征。在三电极体系1 mol/L LiClO₄/PC溶液中,采用电化学工作站和紫外-可见分光光度计测试了WO_3-x/TiO₂薄膜的电致变色性能。XRD结果表明,WO_3-x/TiO₂薄膜为非晶态结构,与掠射角度无关。当掠射角度为80°时,获得了纳米柱状多孔薄膜。从 W 4f和Ti 2p的XPS谱图确认氧化钨为亚化学计量比的WO_3-x,而氧化钛为满足化学计量比的TiO₂。与致密薄膜相比,纳米柱状多孔薄膜需要较低的驱动电压且具有较快的响应速度。纳米柱状多孔薄膜的电荷容量为83.78 mC,是致密薄膜电荷容量30.83 mC的2倍以上。在±1.2 V驱动电压下,注入和脱出离子扩散速率分别为D_in=5.69×10^-10 cm²/s和D_de= 5.08×10^-10 cm²/s。与纯WO₃薄膜相比,WO_3-x/TiO₂薄膜的电致变色循环稳定性更好。纳米柱状多孔薄膜在可见光范围内具有较大的光调制幅度,因此其光密度变化（ΔOD）大于致密薄膜。     

BTA@SPANI-POSS环氧涂层的制备及防腐性能

为提高环氧涂层在腐蚀环境下的防腐性和持久性,合成一种负载有缓蚀剂苯并三唑(BTA)的苯并三唑@磺化聚苯胺功能化倍半硅氧烷(BTA@SPANI-POSS),随后将 BTA@SPANI-POSS 与环氧树脂共混得到 BTA@SPANI-POSS 环氧涂料, 最后在 Q235 碳钢上制备数种复合环氧涂层。通过红外光谱、紫外可见光谱、扫描电子显微镜对 BTA@SPANI-POSS 的结构、 缓蚀性能、表面形貌进行表征,利用接触角测量仪、电化学工作站研究所制备涂层的疏水性能和防腐性能。研究表明,随着 SPANI-POSS 的添加,涂层沾湿性能降低。电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和塔菲尔极化曲线测试结果表明,与 SPANI-POSS 环氧涂层相比,负载有 BTA 的 BTA@SPANI-POSS 环氧涂层对金属基底具有更高和更持久的保护能力,其中试样 EB_1.5%的腐蚀电流密度 i_corr为 16.67 ? A·cm^?2 ,其极化电阻 R_p为 2.467 M?·cm² ,具有较低的腐蚀动态速率。在 3.5 wt.% NaCl 溶液中浸泡 15 d 后环氧涂层仍具有良好的防腐蚀效果,其阻抗值 Z_0.01Hz 仍保留有第 1 d 时的 26.89%,表现出优异的长期稳定性和防腐性能。归因于 SPANI-POSS 与 BTA 之间的协同作用,所制备的 BTA@SPANI-POSS 环氧涂层在浸泡过程中与碳钢基底发生络合反应,从而起到长时间的保护作用。     

TiB2涂层熔盐电沉积制备与表征

炭阴极在铝电解槽中受熔盐和铝液腐蚀而影响寿命,而TiB₂涂层是铝电解槽理想的阴极材料。本文以石墨为基体,在KF-KCl-K₂TiF₆-KBF₄熔盐中以0.4-0.7A.cm_-2^{电流密度、}700-800℃温度电沉积TiB₂涂层,通过XRD衍射仪、SEM-EDS、表面粗糙度测量仪及附着力测试仪对不同电流密度和温度下制备的涂层进行表征。结果表明：在石墨基体上可以得到均匀连贯的TiB₂涂层;增大电流密度、降低电解温度可以细化涂层晶粒,提高涂层致密性;在0.6 A.cm_-²、750℃最优电沉积条件下制得的TiB₂涂层的厚度为229 μm,择优取向为<110>,表面粗糙度为14.85 μm,涂层与石墨基体的结合力为6.39 MPa。     

30CrMnSiA钢表面镉镀层化学转化膜的电化学特性

目的 通过研究镉镀层绿色化学转化膜的电化学性能,获得镉镀层最佳绿色化学钝化工艺。方法 采用无氰镀镉工艺,在30CrMnSiA钢表面电镀镉。采用植酸和钼酸钠在镉镀层表面进行绿色钝化处理,构建复合化学转化膜。通过研究钼酸钠浓度、处理时间和植酸浓度对绿色钝化处理镀镉层在质量分数为3.5%的NaCl溶液中电化学性能的影响,获得最佳的镀镉层绿色钝化工艺。结果 在处理时间为10 min、植酸的质量分数为1.0%的条件下,当钼酸钠的质量分数增至3%时,开路电压先从−0.741 9 V增至−0.739 7 V后,再降至−0.761 1 V,电荷转移电阻Rct从2.34 kΩ.cm²增至8.79 kΩ.cm²,腐蚀抑制率从72.9%增至92.8%,自腐蚀电流密度Jcorr从81.47 μA/cm²降至最低值(6.887 2 μA/cm²)。当钼酸钠和植酸的质量分数分别为2.0%和1.0%时,随着处理时间的延长,开路电压从−0.755 9 V增至−0.729 5 V,Rct先增至6.68 kΩ.cm²,然后降至5.28 kΩ.cm²,自腐蚀电流密度从16.26 μA/cm²降至4.527 μA/cm²。当钼酸钠的质量分数为2.0%、处理时间为10 min时,随着植酸浓度的增加,试样的开路电压从−0.739 3 V降至−0.756 1 V,Rct先增至6.68 kΩ.cm²,然后降低,自腐蚀电流密度Jcorr呈现先降至最小值后再增大的趋势。结论 与镉镀层相比,经化学转化膜处理后试样表现为高的开路电压、大的电荷转移电阻和低的自腐蚀电流。得到了耐蚀性好且成本较低的镉镀层表面绿色钝化工艺,钼酸钠和植酸的质量分数分别为2.0%和1.0%,处理时间为10 min。     

TA1双极板磁控溅射不同过渡层的碳涂层改性研究

目的 改善TA1双极板的耐腐蚀性和导电性能,提高转换效率和使用寿命。方法 采用多梯度复合涂层思路,利用闭合场非平衡磁控溅射技术,在TA1基体表面制备了Ti/CrN/a-C、Ti/TiN/a-C和Ti/TiCrN/a-C等3种不同过渡层的碳涂层。分别通过扫描电镜、拉曼光谱、光电子能谱、电化学极化测试和表面接触电阻测试分析了碳涂层的表面形貌、成键杂化形式、杂化含量比例、耐蚀性能和导电性能。结果 3种不同过渡层的碳涂层与基体结合良好,都呈无定形碳分布,但形貌结构相差较大。其中Ti/TiN/a-C涂层的AD/AG值最大,达到4.26,且碳原子中C-sp²杂化含量比例最高,达到79.32%。而Ti/TiCrN/a-C涂层的FWHM(G)最大,达到137.29,且碳原子中C-sp³杂化含量比例最高,达到26.03%。3种不同过渡层的碳涂层与TA1基体相比,耐腐蚀性明显提高,其中Ti/TiCrN/a-C涂层的耐腐性能最优异,动电位和恒电位腐蚀电流密度分别为7.81×10^–7、8.14×10^–7 A/cm²,小于TA1基体的2.76×10^–6、3.21×10^–6 A/cm²。此外,在1.4 MPa的压紧力下,不同过渡层(Ti/CrN/a-C、Ti/TiN/a-C、Ti/TiCrN/a-C)的碳涂层的表面接触电阻分别为12.3、5.4、6.5 mΩ?cm²,小于TA1基体的93.5 mΩ?cm²,大约降低了1个数量级。结论 通过不同元素掺杂和控制工艺参数靶流,获得了成分梯度变化的不同氮化物过渡层,影响最外面工作层纯碳的沉积效果,改变其微观形貌与结构,从而影响导电性和耐腐蚀性能。     

微弧氧化膜层的组分质量比率、结构与性能

为了同时提高AZ61的MgF₂+MgO微弧氧化膜层的电化学腐蚀与磨损性能,本文运用复合电介质顺序放电学术思想,通过减弱击穿熔体的喷发,使膜层进一步致密,进而使其性能得到提高。膜层的MgF₂-MgO质量比率α、微观组织、电化学腐蚀与磨损性能的研究结果表明：α=1.2时,减弱击穿熔体喷发的效果显著好于α=0.1和11.8,膜层的内部致密层厚度可提高到3.6 μm,是现有微弧氧化膜层的3倍,外部疏松层的阻抗可提高到13555 Ω cm^₂,比α=0.1和11.8的大30%。该膜层可将AZ61的自腐蚀电压Ecorr由-1.912提高到-0.455 V_SCE、自腐蚀电流Icorr由378.6减小到0.453(10^_-6 A/cm^₂)、磨损率由921降低到0.5(10^_-5 mm^₃/N.m)。本研究为制备高性能微弧氧化膜层提供了一种新模式。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.