多层梯度结构对TiAlSiN涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响

为提高304不锈钢耐磨损性能,采用磁过滤阴极弧等离子体沉积的方法制备TiAlSiN多层梯度涂层,研究多层梯度结构对涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、纳米压痕仪和划痕仪等方法对涂层的表面形貌、物相结构以及力学性能进行表征,并通过MST-3001摩擦磨损试验仪测试不同结构涂层的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:与TiAlSiN单层涂层相比,TiAlSiN多层梯度涂层具有更高的结合力和韧性;两种涂层的摩擦因数和磨损率都远小于304不锈钢,其中TiAlSiN多层梯度涂层具有比单层涂层更低的磨损率,磨损率由2.6×104μm3/(N·m)降至8.5×103μm3/(N·m),降低了67.8%,TiAlSiN多层梯度涂层磨痕表面光滑致密,主要磨损机制为轻微粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和氧化磨损的协同作用。     

多弧离子镀制备CrAlSiN/TiAlSiN纳米涂层的结构和性能研究

目的研究调制周期对CrAlSiN/TiAlSiN纳米复合涂层结构和力学性能的影响。方法采用多弧离子镀技术,以AlCrSi靶和AlTiSi靶作阴极弧靶材料,通过改变衬底的转速(转速分别为2、4、6、8r/min)来调整涂层结构的周期,制备不同调制周期CrAlSiN/TiAlSiN纳米复合涂层。用X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜,测量了涂层的组织结构、化学成分、表面及截面形貌,用显微硬度计、划痕试验仪和摩擦仪测量了不同调制周期的涂层的力学性能。结果不同转速下,CrAlSiN/TiAlSiN纳米复合涂层具有相同的晶相结构,包含CrAl、CrN和TiN,其中Al元素几乎全部固溶在CrAl相中。Si元素在涂层中以非晶相的形式存在或被非晶化合物所包裹。随着转速的增大,复合涂层的硬度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,而摩擦因数与均方根粗糙度则呈现出先减小后增大的趋势,即硬度越大,摩擦因数和均方根粗糙度越小。结论CrAlSiN/TiAlSiN纳米复合涂层的硬度和摩擦因数受调制周期的影响较大。当转速为6r/min时,制备的涂层具有最大的显微硬度(38GPa)和最小的摩擦因数(0.375)。     

多元等离子体浸没离子注入与沉积和磁控溅射技术制备TiAlSiN/WS_2多层薄膜的力学性能和腐蚀行为(英文)

为了降低超硬TiAlSiN复合涂层的摩擦因数,采用多元等离子体浸没离子注入与沉积和射频(RF)磁控溅射技术制备TiAlSiN/WS2多层薄膜,利用XRD、SEM、Raman光谱、纳米探针、摩擦和电化学试验对薄膜的微结构、力学性能和腐蚀行为进行测试与分析。SEM结果表明:TiAlSiN/WS2多层薄膜具有清晰的调制周期。纳米硬度结果表明,TiAlSiN/WS2多层薄膜硬度介于TiAlSiN和WS2涂层硬度之间。摩擦实验结果证实TiAlSiN/WS2多层薄膜的摩擦因数低于TiAlSiN涂层的,且摩擦过程平稳。此外,TiAlSiN/WS2多层薄膜表现出良好的抗腐蚀能力,在相对较小的调制周期内,其腐蚀电流密度显著降低。     

阴极离子镀TiAlSiN涂层高温摩擦与磨损性能

采用阴极离子镀在H13钢表面制备了TiAlSiN涂层,通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜分析了涂层表面-界面形貌、物相和三维表面微观形貌。利用EDS面扫描分析了磨痕表面化学元素分布,讨论了高温对涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,TiAlSiN涂层表面主要元素由Ti、Al、Si和N组成,主要物相为(Ti,Al)N,未发现Si3N4相;高温氧化后生成的致密氧化膜Al2O3提高了涂层高温抗氧化性,Si O2降低了涂层表面摩擦因数,结构疏松的Ti O2易导致涂层破裂和剥落;TiAlSiN涂层表面粗糙度高于基体表面粗糙度,磨痕表面Ti和Al元素出现贫集区,表明涂层被磨穿;在700、800和900℃下,涂层表面摩擦因数均在0.3左右,在700℃时磨损机制主要为氧化磨损和粘着磨损,在800℃和900℃时主要为氧化磨损,伴随着少量粘着磨损和磨粒磨损。     

电弧离子镀偏压对TiAlSiN涂层结构及性能的影响

目的 探究脉冲偏压对TiAlSiN涂层结构及力学性能、耐磨性能、抗氧化性能的影响规律及机制。方法 采用阴极电弧离子镀膜技术，调控偏压参数并在M2高速钢上沉积TiAlSiN涂层，利用SEM、XRD、3D轮廓仪、金相显微镜、划痕仪、摩擦磨损试验仪等仪器及高温氧化试验，对涂层结构及性能进行分析表征。结果 偏压为50 V时，涂层主要为AlN相；偏压高于75 V时，涂层以固溶的(Ti,Al)N相为主，TiAlSiN涂层存在较强的(200)面择优取向。偏压由50 V增大至150 V时，涂层的致密性增加，表面粗糙度先降低后上升，涂层结合力先增大后降低。TiAlSiN涂层的磨损方式主要是磨粒磨损，受物相结构、涂层致密性的影响，偏压为100~150 V时，涂层的耐磨性能优异。涂层1000 ℃氧化4 h后，表面氧化程度不同，主要受物相结构、致密性、表面孔隙的多重影响，hcp-AlN相比(Ti,Al)N相更易氧化；偏压增大使得涂层沉积更为致密，氧化层深度变浅；涂层孔隙增加，表面形成的Al2O3团簇增多。结论 偏压100 V下TiAlSiN涂层的综合性能最优，涂层结合力为46.7 V，硬度为3276HV0.025，表面粗糙度最低，耐磨性能较好且高温下抗氧化性能最强。     

热震对TiAlSiN涂层结构与性能的影响

目的探究TiAlSiN涂层经过不同热震次数后,其组织结构及性能的变化规律及机制。方法采取电弧离子镀技术在单晶硅和M2高速钢(W6Mo5Cr4V2)表面沉积TiAlSiN涂层,采用加热-水淬循环的方法进行热震试验。采用3D表面轮廓仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征涂层显微形貌,用金相显微镜测定膜/基结合力,用能谱仪(EDS)分析涂层元素含量变化,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征物相结构,用划痕仪和硬度计测量涂层力学性能,用摩擦磨损试验仪、光学显微镜探究涂层摩擦学性能及摩擦磨损机制。结果随着热震次数的增加,涂层表面产生的TiO颗粒尺寸增大,含量增多,粗糙度增加。XRD衍射峰向小角度发生偏移,但仍保持立方结构。涂层的力学性能变差,硬度值由2066HV_(0.025)下降至1447HV_(0.025),结合力由常温的71.8 N下降至33.9 N,结合力等级由常温的HF1降至HF4。此外,30、40、50次热震后,涂层展现出比常温下更优异的耐磨性能,摩擦系数由常温的0.571分别降低至0.427、0.389、0.273,磨损率由常温时的1.4×10~(-14) m~3/(N·m)分别降至1.01×10~(-14)、0.93×10~(-14)、0.71×10~(-14)m~3/(N·m),磨损类型主要为粘着磨损与氧化磨损。结论 TiAlSiN涂层在600℃下具备优异的抗热震性能,多次冷-热循环后仍为立方结构。随着热震次数的增加,TiAlSiN涂层表面质量及力学性能下降,但摩擦磨损试验中,由于涂层表面多次热震形成的氧化物起到润滑效果,有效减缓了涂层与摩擦球的剧烈接触,使TiAlSiN涂层的耐磨减摩性能提高。     

氮气分压对AlCrTiSiN超晶格涂层微观结构及力学性能的影响

超晶格涂层因具有优异的力学性能及抗氧化性能在刀具涂层工业中备受关注。采用多弧离子镀技术在高速钢表面制备了AlCrTiSiN涂层,研究了氮气分压对AlCrTiSiN涂层微观结构及力学性能的影响。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜研究了AlCrTiSiN涂层的微观结构;利用纳米压痕仪、划痕仪和磨损仪研究了AlCrTiSiN涂层的力学性能。结果表明:不同氮气分压的AlCrTiSiN涂层均由(Cr,Al)N相、(Ti,Al)N相和(Cr,Al)2N相以及非晶态的Si相和Si3N4相组成。与氮气分压为4Pa的涂层相比,氮气分压为2或3Pa的涂层具有更高的硬度、抗载荷能力和涂层-基体结合强度,以及更低的摩擦因数及磨损率。此外,45钢和铸铁切削试验表明:AlCrTiSiN涂层刀具较AlCrN涂层刀具有更好的切削性能,无涂层刀具具有最差的切削性能。     

基体偏压对电弧离子镀AlCrSiON涂层结构和热稳定性的影响

为研究基体偏压对AlCrSiON纳米复合涂层结构、力学性能和热稳定性的影响规律及机制,采用电弧离子镀技术在硬质合金基体上沉积AlCrSiON涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、纳米压痕仪(划痕仪)研究涂层组织结构和力学性能;通过真空退火试验研究涂层的高温稳定性。结果表明:AlCrSiON涂层为致密柱状晶结构,并主要由c-(Al,Cr)N和c-(Al,Cr)(O,N)两相组成,呈现出纳米复合结构。随着偏压的升高,涂层表面的颗粒数目和尺寸减少,组织结构更加致密;硬度和弹性模量均呈现出先增加后减小的趋势,当偏压为–80 V时分别达到最大值30.1 GPa和367.9 GPa。涂层具有良好的高温稳定性,不同偏压下沉积的AlCrSiON涂层经800~950℃热处理后均能够保持良好的结构稳定性及力学性能,但经1 100℃热处理后涂层发生相分解并引发组织结构变化,导致涂层硬度减小。     

激光熔覆和重熔制备Fe-Ni-B-Si-Nb系非晶纳米晶复合涂层

采用激光熔覆和重熔的方法在低碳钢CCS-B上制备Fe-Ni-Si-B-Nb系非晶纳米晶复合涂层。利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、EDAX能谱及透射电镜分析涂层的物相、组织结构,运用显微硬度计、纳米压痕仪及摩擦磨损试验机研究涂层的显微硬度分布、微观力学性能及摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:熔覆层的组织由表面至基体分为非晶纳米晶复合区、熔覆层与基体,其中,复合区为Fe2B、γ-(Fe,Ni)多晶和非晶相的混合组织;涂层的最高显微硬度达到了1 369 HV;涂层的平均摩擦因数为0.275;涂层的主要磨损形式是磨粒磨损和粘着磨损,具有良好的摩擦磨损性能。     

工作气压对TiBN/TiAlSiN纳米多层涂层的结构和性能影响

为应对高速干式切削、工磨具行业对新型防护涂层的需求,制造高硬度、耐摩擦磨损的纳米复合涂层具有巨大的市场前景。 采用阴极多弧离子镀技术,在不同的工作气压下用 TiB2 和 TiAlSi 合金靶作为阴极蒸发靶材,在硬质合金衬底上分别沉积了 TiBN,TiAlSiN 涂层和 TiBN/ TiAlSiN 多层涂层。 借助于 XRD、 XPS、 SEM、 AFM 和 HRTEM 对涂层的成分、形貌及微观结构进行表征分析。 并用纳米压痕硬度计和球盘式摩擦测试仪分别研究了涂层的硬度和摩擦磨损性能。 研究结果表明:TiBN/ TiAlSiN 涂层呈现一种非晶相包裹纳米多晶相的微观结构形态,工作气压越高,涂层表面越趋于光滑;涂层在 1. 0 Pa 工作气压下涂层显微硬度值达到 38 GPa;在 2. 0 Pa 的工作气压下,涂层显微硬度值约 34 GPa,摩擦因数低于 0. 29。 与 TiBN 和 TiAlSiN 涂层相比,TiBN/ TiAlSiN 纳米多层涂层的机械、摩擦学性能更加优越,这为应用在干式切削、磨削工具领域的硬质润滑多层涂层的制备与研究指明了一条方向。     

Effect of Ti content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TiAlSiN nanocomposite coatings

TiAlSiN coatings has been proposed and studied because of their desirable properties in hardness and coating-substrate adhesion. Further improvement of their performance can be achieved by better understanding the effect of the concentration of each element on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings. In this paper, the TiAlSiN coatings with different Ti content were deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering method. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the coatings were analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, nano-indentor and Rockwell indentation tester. The results reveal that TiAlSiN coatings consisted of amorphous phase and crystalline phase. With a Ti content of 63 at.%, as well as a Si content of 7 at.%, a super-hard TiAlSiN coating with a nanoindentation hardness of 66 GPa was achieved. What is more, in contrast to the well-described super-hard nanocomposite TiAlSiN coatings, another “nanocomposite” microstructure coating with a Ti content of 29 at.% in which the amorphous phase is wrapped in a crystalline phase was identified, with a comparatively low hardness value of 20 GPa. The highest adhesion strengths with a Rockwell indentation classes HF2 was achieved for a coating with a Ti content of 63 or 65 at.%.     

TiAlN,TiAlSiN涂层的制备及其切削性能

目的研究TiAlN及TiAlSiN涂层的微观结构及力学性能,以及硬质合金涂层刀具切削SUS304不锈钢的切削性能及磨损行为。方法采用阴极电弧离子镀技术在硬质合金试片及铣刀上分别制备纳微米TiAlN及TiAlSiN涂层。通过X射线荧光测量系统测量涂层的厚度,用扫描电镜(SEM)观察涂层表面形貌,用能谱仪(EDAX)分析涂层元素成分,用X射线衍射(XRD)分析涂层晶相结构,用纳米压痕仪表征涂层硬度,用洛氏硬度计定性测量涂层结合力,通过高速铣削试验探究涂层刀具的切削性能及磨损行为。结果 TiAlN及TiAlSiN涂层的厚度分别为3.32μm和3.35μm,表面致密、光滑,高分辨率(20 000×)下观察到涂层表面有液滴、针孔及凹坑存在。Si元素促进了Ti N(200)晶相的生长,晶粒尺寸减小,硬度增加。TiAlN及TiAlSiN涂层的显微硬度分别为29.6 GPa及37.7 GPa,结合力分别满足VDI-3198工业标准的HF3和HF1等级。在130 m/min的高速切削条件下,TiAlSiN涂层刀具寿命约为未涂层刀具的5倍,TiAlN涂层刀具的1.5倍。结论 Si掺杂制备的TiAlSiN涂层具有高的硬度及良好的抗粘附性,更适用于不锈钢材料的高速切削加工。     

Si含量对多元等离子体浸没离子注入与沉积技术制备TiAlSiN涂层微结构和机械性能的影响(英文)

采用多元等离子体浸没离子注入与沉积制备TiAlSiN纳米复合涂层,利用EDX,XRD,SEM,XPS,纳米探针和划痕试验对涂层成分组成、微结构和机械性能进行测试分析。XRD测试表明,TiAlSiN涂层具有较强的TiN(200)择优取向。XPS测试表明,TiAlSiN涂层中也含有AlN、Si3N4、Al2O3和Ti2O3。与制备的TiN涂层相比,当涂层中的Si含量为0.9%时,TiAlSiN涂层表现出较高的硬度,达32GPa,但涂层的断裂韧性和结合强度较低;当涂层中的Si含量增加至6.0%时,TiAlSiN涂层具有超高的硬度57GPa,并表现出较好的断裂韧性和结合强度。     

PVD涂层刀具高速铣削CoCrMo合金的性能研究

目的为了提高涂层硬质合金刀具的切削性能,研究了物理气相沉积PVD法制备的涂层硬质合金铣刀在高速干式环境下的铣削性能。方法采用阴极电弧技术制备了TiN、TiAlN以及TiAlSiN涂层硬质合金铣刀刀头,通过一同沉积涂层的硬质合金圆片,间接测量得出涂层的显微硬度、厚度和平均摩擦系数,并以CoCrMo合金为切削对象,进行了PVD涂层与无涂层刀具高速铣削下的对比试验。结果TiAlSiN显微硬度最高达3800HV,摩擦系数达0.3,TiAlN涂层平均膜厚为2μm,间接测得TiN、TiAlN以及TiAlSiN涂层的结合力依次为60、58、42N。在三者的切削性能中,TiAlSiN涂层的切削性能比TiAlN和TiN涂层的好,同等切削参数时,TiN刀具的高速铣削时间最短,TiAlSiN涂层的平均磨损值为0.1895,TiN的平均磨损值为0.3047。结论涂层中添加Al、Si,极大地提高了刀具的使用性能,改善了刀具切削过程中的耐磨性、红硬性,极大地延长了刀具的使用寿命。TiAlSiN涂层的硬度高,耐磨损性好,切削性能好,适合高速铣削加工。     

Structure and mechanical properties of TiAlSiN/Si3N4 multilayer coatings

TiAlSiN/Si₃N₄ multilayer coatings which have different separate layer thicknesses of TiAlSiN or Si₃N₄ were deposited onto glass sheets, single-crystal silicon wafers and polished WC-Co substrates by reactive magnetron co-sputtering. The morphology, crystalline structure and thickness of the as-prepared multilayer coatings were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD and film thickness measuring instrument. The mechanical properties of the coatings were evaluated by a nanoindenter. The effects of monolayer thickness on the microstructure and properties of TiAlSiN/Si₃N₄ multilayer coatings were explored. The coatings showed the highest hardness when the thickness of Si₃N₄ and TiAlSiN monolayers was 0.33 nm and 5.8 nm, respectively. The oxidation characteristics of the coatings were studied at temperatures ranging from 700 °C to 900 °C for oxidation time up to 20 h in air. It was found that the coatings displayed good oxidation resistance.     

Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-based amorphous coatings

Amorphous coatings were fabricated by arc spraying and the effect of the post heat treatment on the microstructure, and the mechanical properties of arc sprayed coatings were studied. Post heat treatment was conducted in the atmospheric environment within the temperature ranged from 500 °C to 800 °C. The microstructure characteristics were analyzed by means of optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that with the increase of anneal temperature, the microstructure of the sprayed coatings had several changes as follows: the reduction of porosity, the decomposition and the crystallization of amorphous phase, and the formation of precipitates. The microhardness of the sprayed coatings increased after the heat treatment and it can reached to 1275 HV_300g at the post treated at 600 °C. All the coatings exhibited an excellent abrasive wear resistance, approximately 6 times higher than that of the arc-sprayed 3Cr13 coating.     

环境温度对磁控溅射Ti-Al-Si-N涂层摩擦学性能的影响

目的探索磁控溅射制备的Ti-Al-Si-N涂层在不同环境温度下的摩擦学性能。方法利用磁控溅射技术,在AISI304不锈钢表面制备了Ti-Al-Si-N涂层,采用扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪研究了涂层的成分与微观结构,利用HT-1000型高温摩擦磨损试验机,以直径为5 mm的Al_2O_3球作为摩擦副,研究了Ti-Al-Si-N涂层在室温、200、400、600℃时的摩擦学性能。结果磁控溅射制得的Ti-Al-Si-N涂层表面平整、致密,具有典型的柱状晶结构;在室温、200、400、600℃的环境温度下,涂层的摩擦系数分别为0.6、0.35、0.25和0.2,磨损体积分别为0.319、0.232、0.0149和0.0136 mm~3。涂层的摩擦系数和磨损体积均随温度的升高而降低。结论随着测试温度的升高,磨痕区域生成越多的以氧化钛和氧化铝为主的氧化物,其具有一定的减摩作用。在室温下,涂层的磨损机理主要为疲劳剥落,200℃时为磨粒磨损,400℃时为磨粒磨损和氧化磨损,600℃时主要为氧化磨损。     

Microstructure and Wear Resistance Evolution of HVOFSprayed WC-（W,Cr）2C-Ni Coating with Post Heat Treatment In Air Atmosphere

WC-(W,Cr)2C-Ni coating was prepared on 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel and C-276 Ni-base Hastelloy by high velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF)spraying.The effect of post heat treatment in air atmosphere on the microstructure,phase composition,microhardness,fracture toughness,and wear resistance of HVOF-sprayed WC-(W,Cr)2C-Ni coating was investigated.The microstructure and phase composition of the coatings were analyzed by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The microhardness and fracture toughness of the coatings were measured using a microhardness tester and a Vickers hardness tester.Moreover,dry friction and wear behavior of the coatings sliding against Si3N4 ball was investigated using an oscillating friction and wear tester;and the worn surfaces of the coatings were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM).It was found that heat treatment within 500-800°C resulted in crystallization of amorphous phase in as-sprayed coating,generating nanoscale new phases such as NiWO4,CrWO4 and Cr2WO6.Besides,heat treatment led to increase of the microhardness of as-sprayed coating,and the highest microhardness was obtained after heat treatment at 800°C.The fracture toughness and wear resistance of the as-sprayed coating increased with increasing heat treatment temperature up to 700°C but tended to decrease with further elevating temperature.In other words,the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the as-sprayed coatings were worsened owing to excessive growth of oxidation grains and depletion of ductile Ni binder after heat treatment above 700°C.Thus it was suggested that as-sprayed ceramic composite coating should be post heat treated in air at a moderate temperature of 700°C so as to achieve the optimized mechanical properties and wear resistance.