Zn含量对7XXX铝合金性能及微观组织影响

为了深入研究7XXX铝合金的成分对材料性能的影响,对通过模铸工艺制备的高锌含量的铝基合金性能和微观组织进行了研究,重点探讨了Zn含量对合金组织、性能和铸造流动性的影响。研究结果表明,当Zn含量从20%增加到40%时:对材料组织的影响主要表现为晶粒尺寸由45μm减小到20μm,晶界处非平衡相α+η的体积分数由9%增加到28%;对力学性能的影响表现为抗拉强度与屈服强度升高,分别达到470 MPa和430 MPa,伸长率有所降低,从7%降低至3%左右,合金硬度值由75 HV提高至140 HV。同时,Zn含量的增加可以降低合金固相线温度,这有利于提高合金的流动性。     

化学成分和浇注温度对7A04合金铸造性能的影响

采用水平直棒流动性金属型模具、临界长度法热裂模具、Tatur Test锥形模具分析研究了Mg、Zn、Cu、Ti合金元素和浇注温度对7A04合金铸造性能影响。结果表明：Mg含量提高后，合金流动指数降低、收缩率变大，Mg含量增加到1.01%时，热裂倾向增加，Mg含量继续增加到2.64%，热裂倾向变小；Zn含量提高后，流动性指数增加，收缩率变小，热烈倾向减小；Cu含量提高后，流动指数大幅提高，收缩率增加，热裂倾向减小；Ti含量提高后，流动指数和收缩率均有所提高，热烈倾向明显减小，当Ti含量由0.131%增加到0.20%时，铸造性能变化幅度减小。温度为720℃时，是热裂指数变化转折点。     

不同Al含量对ZrTiAlV合金热轧力学性能和结构的影响

以ZrTiAlV合金为研究对象,对热轧工艺过程中不同Al含量对ZrTiAlV合金力学性能和结构的影响进行研究。结果表明:在Al含量较低时,合金中的微观组织主要为既粗大又长的β相和极少量细小的α相,随Al含量增加,合金中细小的α相不断增加,而粗大β相逐渐减少;当铝含量增加到5.6%时,其显微组织主要为针状α相和少量的粗大初始的β相;当铝含量增加到6.9%时,其显微组织为β相、等轴的α相及(ZrTi)3Al化合物。随Al含量增加,合金屈服强度和极限抗拉强度也逐渐增加,但伸长率却逐渐减小,当Al含量为3.3%时,合金屈服强度为560 MPa;当Al含量增加到6.9%时,合金屈服强度高达1190 MPa,但其伸长率仅为3%;当Al含量为3.3%到5.6%时,该合金具有良好的力学性能。     

Ni对Al-Si-Cu-Ni-Mg过共晶活塞合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过金属型铸造制备了Al-Si-Cu-Ni-Mg过共晶铝硅合金,结合扫描电镜和能谱仪对合金的组织进行分析。在室温和高温下对该合金进行力学性能测试,研究了Ni元素对铸造Al-Si-Cu-Ni-Mg过共晶铝硅合金组织和力学性能的影响,分析了该合金在高温下的断裂机理。结果表明,随着Ni含量的增加,合金组织中主要富Ni相经历了从Al_7Cu_4Ni到Al_3CuNi再到Al_3Ni的变化,富Ni相体积分数不断增大。在室温下,随着Ni含量的增加,合金的力学性能变化趋势为先下降后上升;在200、300℃下,合金的抗拉强度随Ni含量的增加而提高,伸长率有所下降。300℃时,Ni对合金的屈服强度有明显的提升效果。     

铜含量对触变成形Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金显微组织与力学性能的影响（英文）

研究了铜含量对触变Al-6Si-xCu-0.3Mg(x=3,4,5,6,质量分数,%)合金显微组织与力学性能的影响。试样在液相分数为50%时进行触变成形,并对部分样品进行T6热处理。采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射、硬度和拉伸测试对样品进行表征。结果表明,冷却倾斜板铸造和触变成形工艺能促进铝基体中细小分散的金属间化合物的形成。与硬模铸造相比,合金的力学性能大幅度提高。随着铜含量的增加,触变成形合金的硬度和拉伸强度提高。热处理触变成形Al-6Si-3Cu-0.3Mg合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为298MPa、201 MPa和4.5%。而当铜含量增加至6%时,合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为361 MPa、274 MPa和1.1%。触变成形Al-6Si-3Cu-0.3Mg合金的失效形式为韧窝断裂,而当铜含量增加至6%时,失效形式为解理断裂。     

微量Mn对Al-7%Mg合金铸锭组织和力学性能的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、流动性及力学性能测试等分析手段研究了微量的Mn元素对Al-7%Mg合金铸态微观组织、流动性及力学性能的影响。结果表明,微量Mn的添加对Al-7%Mg合金的晶粒细化效果并不明显;但对改善合金力学性能是有益的,随着Mn含量的增加,Al-7%Mg合金流动性先增加后降低,当添加0.15%Mn时,合金的单向流动性能最好,平均流动长度达到900 mm;Mn含量在0.05%～0.25%内变动时,合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率均随着Mn的增加而显著提高,添加0.25%Mn时分别为299 MPa、151 MPa和12.6%。     

RE对Zn-Al-Cu-Mg合金组织和力学性能的影响

研究了不同RE含量 (0、0.04%、0.05%、0.06%)对锌合金显微组织、力学性能及耐蚀性的影响.在Zn-Al-Cu-Mg合金中加入适量的RE能阻止树枝晶长大,细化晶粒,并能改善合金的力学性能.当RE的加入量为 0.05%时,合金的抗拉强度提高了11.8%,伸长率提高了1.75倍,硬度提高了5.6%.加入适量的RE后合金的耐蚀性能也有所提高.     

Cu含量对铝合金活塞材料组织和性能的影响

采用电阻炉在780~820℃下冶炼纯度为99.85%的工业纯铝等原料,加入中间合金变质得到一定成分配比的活塞硅铝合金。改变合金中铜的含量制成相应试样,观察其显微组织随铜含量的变化,测试了试样在室温和300℃高温下的抗拉强度。结果表明:当合金中含Cu量从0%增加到1.0%、2.5%时,含Ni相由块状Al3Ni相依次变化为条带状Al3CuNi相、骨骼状的Al7Cu4Ni相;随Cu含量增加,合金的室温和300℃高温抗拉强度逐步增加。     

工艺参数对间接挤压铸造铝铜合金力学性能及热裂倾向的影响

研究了在间接挤压铸造条件下,工艺参数对铝铜合金力学性能及热裂倾向的影响,并分析了合金的组织和性能。试验结果表明:挤压铸造工艺参数的变化可以明显影响铝铜合金的力学性能,控制工艺参数可以得到性能良好的铝铜合金铸件(抗拉强度240～260 MPa,伸长率9%～11.5%),经T6处理后,铸件的抗拉强度可以达到460￣475 MPa,伸长率为8.5%￣10.5%。挤压铸造工艺参数中浇注温度和模具温度对热裂倾向的影响最大,其次是保压时间,比压对热裂倾向的影响最小。基本影响规律是:较低的模具温度和较短的保压时间下热裂倾向大,浇注温度750℃时热裂倾向最小。     

铸态Mg-9Li-xAl合金的组织和力学性能

采用重力铸造制备了Mg-9Li-xAl(Al的质量分数x为0,3%,6%,9%)合金。试验研究了不同铝含量的Mg-9Li-xAl合金的组织和力学性能。结果表明,铝的质量分数x对Mg-9Li-xAl合金中的晶粒大小及晶粒分布有很大影响。当w(Al)=6%时,大量的小块状AlLi相出现在合金中并均匀地分布在β-Li基体上。当铝含量过多时,AlLi会由小块状转变为片状贯穿分布在β-Li基体上。合金的强度随着铝含量的增加先增加后降低,伸长率随着铝含量的增加而逐渐降低。当w(Al)=6%时,其强度到达最大,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达到了136.8 N/mm~2和186.5N/mm~2。     

Influence of non-uniform ultrasonic vibration on casting fluidity of liquid aluminum alloy

The application of ultrasonic vibration to the casting process can be realized through mould (die) vibration. However, the resonant vibration of the mould is always accompanied by a non-uniform vibration distribution at different parts, which may induce a complex liquid flow and affect the casting fluidity during the mould filling process. The influence of non-uniform ultrasonic vibration on the fluidity of liquid AlSi9Cu3 alloy was studied by mould vibration with different vibration gradients. It is found that ultrasonic mould vibration can generate two opposite effects on the casting fluidity: the first, ultrasonic cavitation in melt induced by mould vibration promotes the casting fluidity; the second, the non-uniform mould vibration can induce a melt flow toward the weak vibration areas and turbulence there, consequently decreasing the casting fluidity. When the melt flow and turbulence are violent enough to offset the promoting effect of cavitation on fluidity, the ultrasonic vibration will finally induce a resultant decrease of casting fluidity. The decreasing effect is proportional to the vibration gradient.

     

Influence of compositional variations on microstructural evolution,mechanical properties and fluidity of secondary foundry alloy AlSi9Cu3

Abstract

The combined effect of the main alloying elements on the mechanical properties and fluidity of the secondary foundry alloy AlSi9Cu3 has been investigated. Systematic compositional variations within the alloy's tolerance limit illustrate the broad spectrum of attainable properties. The yield strength in the as cast condition can be adjusted from 100 to 200 MPa, while the elongation to fracture can be simultaneously varied between 0·35% and almost 4%. Additionally, variation in fluidity by more than 100% can be achieved. The microstructure–property relationship is interpreted in the light of thermodynamic calculations that reveal a significant mutual interaction of the alloying elements.     

ZrCuAlSi大块非晶合金形成及力学性能

通过铜模铸造法制备(Zr47Cu44Al9)100-xSix(x=0,0.5,1.5,2.5)大块非晶合金.利用差热分析、X射线衍射、显微硬度和室温压缩试验.研究分析添加Si元素对Zr47Cu44Al9合金非晶形成能力、热稳定性及力学性能的影响.结果表明,适量Si的加入能显著提高非晶合金的热稳定性,当Si的加入量为1.5时,合金具有最大的非晶形成能力,其纯非晶试样的临界尺寸由Zr47Cu44Al9的4 mm增大到(Zr47Cu44Al9)98.5Si1.5的6 mm.Si提高非晶形成能力的原因主要是抑制了引起异质形核的CuZr相的形成与析出.力学性能实验显示,显微硬度(Hv)随Si的加入由Zr47Cu44Al9合金的5850MPa增呔到(Zr47Cu44Al9)98.5Si1.5合金的6220 MPa,(Zr47Cu44Al9)98.5Si1.5合金的断裂强度为1862 MPa.     

模具温度和浇注温度对AZ91D镁合金热裂和流动性能的影响

研究了模具温度和浇注温度对AZ91D镁合金热裂性能与流动性能的影响。结果表明,提高模具温度可以显著改善合金的抗热裂性能;当模具温度为368℃时,AZ91D合金在各种浇注温度下均不产生热裂;当模具温度较低(<268℃)时,浇注温度为688℃时,合金的抗热裂性最佳;随着模具温度提高,浇注温度对合金热裂性的影响逐渐减弱消失。浇注温度与模具温度对AZ91D镁合金的流动性能影响显著,两者的提高均能改善合金的流动性能。当模具温度较低(68℃)时,少量提高模具温度不能显著改善合金的流动性能;当浇注温度较高(718℃)时,进一步提升浇注温度,也不能明显改善合金的流动性能。为了获得较好的流动性能与抗热裂性能,应采用较高的模具温度(≥268℃)和适当的浇注温度(688～718℃)生产AZ91D镁合金产品。     

Effects of Cu addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-6Zn magnesium alloy

The application of Mg-Zn binary alloys is restricted due to their developed dendritic microstructure and poor mechanical properties. In this study, an alloying method was used to improve the mechanical properties of Mg-Zn alloy. The Mg-6Zn magnesium alloys microalloyed with varying Cu content(0, 0.8, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5wt.%) were fabricated by permanent mould casting, and the effects of Cu content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-6Zn alloys were studied using OM, SEM, XRD and tensile tests at room temperature. The obtained results show that the addition of Cu not only can refine the grains effectively, but also can modify the eutectic morphology and improve the mechanical properties of the alloys. The main phases of the studied alloys include α-Mg, MgZn_2, Mg_2Cu and CuMgZn. When the content of Cu exceeds 0.8wt.%, Mg_2Cu phase appears. Meanwhile, the eutectic morphology is modified into dendritic shape or lamellar structure, which has an adverse effect on the tensile properties. Furthermore, among the investigated alloys, the alloy containing 0.8% Cu shows an optimalultimate tensile strength of 196 MPa, while the alloy with 1.5wt.% Cu obtains an excellent elongation of 7.22%. The experimental alloys under different Cu contents show distinguishing fracture behaviors: the fracture of the alloy with 0.8wt.% Cu reveals a mixed mode of inter-granular and quasi-cleavage, while in other investigated alloys, the fracture behaviors are dominated by cleavage fracture.     

Influence of ultrasonic melt treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of AlSi9Cu3 alloy

A novel MMM (Multi-frequency, Multimode, Modulated) ultrasonic (US) technology was used to refine the as cast microstructure and improve the mechanical properties of a AlSi9Cu3 alloy. Ultrasonic vibration was isothermally applied to the melt for 120 s at different temperatures slightly above the liquidus temperature of the alloy, using different electric power values, before pouring into a metallic mould. The microstructure of the cast samples was characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry. Ultrasonic vibration promoted the formation of small α-Al globular grains, changed the size and morphology of intermetallic compounds and distributed them uniformly throughout the castings. Ultimate tensile strength and strain were increased to 332 MPa and 2.9%, respectively, which are 50% and 480% higher than the values obtained for castings produced without vibration. The microstructure morphology and the alloy mechanical properties were found to depend on the electric power and the melt temperature, and by using a suitable combination of these parameters it is possible to achieve high refinement efficiency by treating the melts in the liquid state.     

时效处理对AlSi9Cu3压铸铝合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过拉伸试验、光学显微镜、扫描电镜及能谱仪等分析手段研究了T5时效处理(160 ℃×6 h)后AlSi9Cu3高压铸造(HPDC)铝合金的显微组织、力学性能和拉伸断口形貌。结果表明,AlSi9Cu3高压铸造铝合金试样经过时效处理后,显微组织主要为等轴晶状的初生α-Al、共晶Si相以及析出θ-Al₂Cu相和α-Fe相。析出的平衡相θ-Al₂Cu弥散分布在晶界上,提高了AlSi9Cu3压铸铝合金的强度和硬度。时效处理后,AlSi9Cu3压铸铝合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率和硬度分别为375 MPa、258 MPa、4.0%和94 HBW。同时在AlSi9Cu3压铸铝合金的拉伸断口观察到了准解理和少量沿晶断裂特征。     

活化元素Co对Mo-Cu合金性能的影响

采用机械活化法制粉,制备了活化元素Co含量不同的Mo-Cu合金.通过对密度、硬度、电导率、热导率、热膨胀系数的测试及组织的观察,研究了Co元素对Mo-Cu合金致密化工艺及其组织性能的影响.结果表明,Co与Mo形成了中间相Co7Mo6,这有利于烧结致密化温度的降低,当1 250℃烧结1 h后合金相对密度达97.71%;随着Co含量的添加,Mo-Cu合金的硬度值增加,电导率、热导率下降较为明显,而热膨胀系数变化幅度不大,与Al2O3陶瓷基片热膨胀系数比较接近;其显微组织呈细小均匀的网络结构.     

AZ91D镁合金锭的流动性研究

对国内外五个厂家提供的AZ91D镁合金锭进行了成分分析和铸造流动性能螺旋试验研究，结果表明，合金元素Al和微量元素Be是该事金流动性的主要影响因素，它们分别通过改变熔化温度下的过热度和抗氧化性能而影响该合金熔体的流动性。