粉末造孔烧结泡沫钢的制备、性能及应用研究进展

介绍了粉末造孔烧结法制备泡沫钢的工艺,阐述了造孔烧结法制备泡沫钢的关键技术、孔结构、性能及应用。最后分析了粉末造孔烧结法制备泡沫钢研究存在的问题,并指出了其发展方向。     

泡沫钢的性能、制备工艺及其应用

综述了泡沫钢的国内外研究概况,总结了泡沫钢的性能、制备工艺及其应用,并指出对泡沫钢制备工艺进一步完善将是今后研究的主要任务.     

铸造法制备泡沫钢研究进展

介绍了熔体发泡法、渗流铸造法和Gasar法三种铸造方法制备泡沫金属的工艺原理以及国内外采用这几种方法制备泡沫钢的试探性研究和最新研究进展,阐述了三种制备方法的关键技术和难点,提出了突破相关技术屏障的建议.最后对铸造法制备泡沫钢的研究方向做了前瞻性的展望.     

高强度淬火-配分钢的研究现状及发展方向

淬火-配分(Quenching and partitioning,QP)钢是一种新型高强塑积钢,在汽车领域应用前景广阔。本文阐述了QP钢成分、组织、工艺及性能的研究现状,在此基础上对QP钢工艺一体化应用、涂层板研发、理论模型建立等方面,特别是在热冲压配分工艺上的发展趋势进行了探讨和展望,提出薄板热成形配分工艺局限性及涂层板焊接思路。     

镁合金非熔剂净化工艺研究进展

综述了镁合金非熔剂净化中常用的工艺方法，重点对非熔剂净化工艺中的泡沫陶瓷过滤、旋转喷吹气体净化的工作原理、冶金特点及应用现状作了详细阐述。并指出泡沫陶瓷过滤、旋转喷吹气体以及复合净化等工艺是目前镁合金非熔剂净化的主要研究方向。     

Q&P钢的研究现状及前景展望

Q&P钢是新一代汽车用先进高强钢,其高强度和高塑性的性能有助于提高汽车碰撞的安全性并大幅降低汽车重量,在汽车领域应用前景广阔。文章阐述了Q&P钢的成分主要有硅锰系、低硅含铝系和低硅含磷系等,指出合理的成分设计是实现Q&P钢优异强塑性匹配及良好应用性能的关键;综述了Q&P钢的"淬火—配分"生产工艺以及在Q&P工艺基础上发展起来的Q&P&T、I&Q&P及Q&P&B工艺研究现状;分析了Q&P钢抗拉强度以及组织和性能的影响因素及研究和生产现状,并展望了Q&P钢的应用前景。     

熔体发泡法和吹气法制备泡沫铝的比较研究

比较研究了熔体发泡法和吹气法制备泡沫铝的工艺过程、泡沫结构特点、泡壁凝固组织、气孔率和气孔尺寸、性能特点和应用.为实际生产和应用中合理选择泡沫铝的制备方法提供参考.     

镁合金泡沫化研究进展

简述了当前泡沫镁合金研究较多的几种制备方法,并对其工艺原理、工艺过程及优劣予以对比分析。并论述了泡沫镁的压缩性能和仿生性能。最后对泡沫镁合金的工业化生产提出了看法及展望。     

铸钢钢液喂丝吹氩炉外精炼工艺

钢液炉外精炼工艺可有效的减少钢中气体含量和夹杂物,提高铸件内在质量。通过对铸钢钢液喂丝吹氩炉外精炼工艺的研究,优选出最佳喂丝吹氩炉外精炼工艺,并成功的应用在车钩及摇枕、侧架的生产中。     

高强钢气保护药芯焊丝及焊缝金属强韧化研究新进展

高强钢具有良好的力学性能而发展迅速,但因其焊接接头断裂韧性下降以及缺乏配套焊材两大问题阻碍其大规模应用。简述了现阶段高强钢气保护药芯焊丝及焊缝金属强韧化研究的发展状况,揭示了焊接材料设计、工艺优化及焊缝金属性能之间的影响规律,讨论了合金化元素和焊接工艺参数对焊接接头力学性能特别是低温韧性的影响,并对高强钢焊接未来发展趋势进行了展望,为我国高强钢焊接及应用研究提供参考。     

医用不锈钢的研究与发展

不锈钢由于具有优异的力学性能、耐蚀性能和加工性能而被广泛应用于各种医疗器械及手术工具的制造。概述了医用不锈钢的特点和临床应用,以及存在的主要问题,并以高氮无镍奥氏体不锈钢、不锈钢表面改性、抗菌不锈钢为重点,介绍了医用不锈钢近年来在国内外的主要研究进展。表明医用不锈钢的研究与发展,进一步提高或改善了不锈钢的生物安全性、力学性能、耐蚀性能,甚至带来了一些生物功能化,为医用不锈钢的临床应用带来了新的机遇。     

Mn系贝氏体/马氏体复相钢的研究及应用进展

Mn系贝氏体／马氏体复相钢因其工艺简单、性能良好和价格低廉等优点而得到了广泛的重视。本文回顾了Mn系贝氏体／马氏体复相钢近几年来在微观组织、强韧化机理、延迟断裂及疲劳性能等方面所取得的研究成果，简要介绍了Mn系贝氏体／马氏体复相钢在不同领域的应用情况与进展。     

新型抗菌功能医用金属研究

不锈钢、钛及钛合金等医用金属材料已广泛应用于骨科、齿科及心血管介入等医疗领域,生物可降解镁合金是正在研究发展的新型医用金属材料,具有诱人的临床应用前景。面对目前『临床上亟待解决的植入物引发的细菌感染问题,开展医用金属材料的抗菌功能研究意义重大,也是实现金属材料结构／功能一体化发展的新探索。简要介绍了作者近年来在不锈钢、钛合金、可降解镁基金属等医用金属材料的抗菌功能研究方面的主要进展,并展望了抗菌医用金属材料的临床应用前景。     

泡沫钛的制备和性能研究进展

近年来泡沫钛一直是泡沫金属研究中的热点之一。其主要的制备方法有粉末冶金法、浆料发泡法、捕获气体发生膨胀法、自蔓延高温合成法、气体-金属共晶凝固、快速成型法、纤维烧结法、等离子喷涂法、相变超塑性法、凝胶注模法、等离子体活化烧结法等,对其性能研究主要集中在结构参数、力学性能、耐腐蚀性能和生物相容性等方面。对泡沫钛的制备和性能进行了综述,并对今后的性能改良和理论模型研究等方向进行了展望。     

超细晶超高碳钢研究现状及展望

超细晶超高碳钢是国外近年来发展起来的一类新型的、并具有重要发展前景的高性能钢铁材料.在系统总结大量文献资料的基础上,综述国内外近年来超细晶超高碳钢的研究进展,包括制备工艺,微观组织及其影响因素,室温力学性能,超塑性,层状超高碳钢复合材料等,指出今后超细晶超高碳钢研究的发展方向.     

Newly developed welding process and its applications to ultra-fine-grained steel

Low carbon low alloy high strength steel materials for welding structures developed and used in service applications are roughly divided into: 1) steels with low content of alloying elements and which are hot-rolled, or which have annealed structures (eg. SM steel); 2) thermo-mechanically treated steels with restricted additions of alloying elements (eg. TMCP steel); 3) steels strengthened with the addition of alloying elements and through the thermal refining process (eg. high strength low carbon and low alloy steels like HT780). In recent years, in view of saving resources, reducing costs and making welding easier, research and development have been carried out to produce high strength steels for welding structures with tensile strength of 800 MPa level with the low carbon equivalence of mild steel levels.^1,2     

TiC-reinforced cast Cr steels

A new class of materials, namely TiC-reinforced cast chromium (Cr) steels, was developed for applications requiring high abrasion resistance and good fracture toughness. The research approach was to modify the carbide structure of commercial AISI 440C steel for better fracture resistance while maintaining the already high abrasion resistance. The new alloys contained 12Cr, 2.5–4.5Ti, and 1–1.5C (wt.%) and were melted in a vacuum induction furnace. Their microstructure was composed primarily of a martensitic matrix with a dispersion of TiC precipitates. Modification of TiC morphology was accomplished through changing the cooling rate during solidification. Wear rates of the TiC-reinforced Cr steels were comparable to that of AISI 440C steel, but the impact resistance was much improved.     

高性能金属材料研究进展

综述了高性能合金钢、铝锂合金、镁合金、高温合金及生物医用金属材料等高性能金属材料的性能特点、研究应用现状和发展前景。     

Development of Creep-Resistant and Oxidation-Resistant Austenitic Stainless Steels for High Temperature Applications

Austenitic stainless steels are cost-effective materials for high-temperature applications if they have the oxidation and creep resistance to withstand prolonged exposure at such conditions. Since 1990, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has developed advanced austenitic stainless steels with creep resistance comparable to Ni-based superalloy 617 at 800–900°C based on specially designed “engineered microstructures” utilizing a microstructure/composition database derived from about 20 years of radiation effect data on steels. The wrought high temperature-ultrafine precipitate strengthened (HT-UPS) steels with outstanding creep resistance at 700–800°C were developed for supercritical boiler and superheater tubing for fossil power plants in the early 1990s, the cast CF8C-Plus steels were developed in 1999–2001 for land-based gas turbine casing and diesel engine exhaust manifold and turbocharger applications at 700–900°C, and, in 2015–2017, new Al-modified cast stainless steels with oxidation and creep resistance capabilities up to 950–1000°C were developed for automotive exhaust manifold and turbocharger applications. This article reviews and summarizes their development and their properties and applications.     

Steels for Fusion Reactor Applications

This paper discusses a program to develop austenitic stainless and ferritic (martensitic) steels for fusion applications. The service lifetime of the first wall and blanket component structures will have a major effect on the economic viability of fusion energy. These components will operate at elevated temperatures in a corrosive environment within a strong radiation field. Alloy systems under consideration for this application include high-strength Fe-Ni-Cr super-alloys and alloys based on niobium, vanadium and titanium. Much of the experimental research, however, is focussed on more conventional austenitic stainless steels and chromium-molybdenum martensitic grades to withstand the unique irradiation environment of a fusion reactor.