铋离子在壬基异羟肟酸中金红石-水界面的吸附行为及机制（英文）

通过单矿物浮选、动电位测试、吸附量测试和X射线光电子能谱研究Bi(Ⅲ)在金红石-水界面的吸附行为和机制。单矿物浮选结果表明,加入Bi(Ⅲ)后,金红石的浮选回收率由62%提高到91%。添加Bi(Ⅲ)可以增加活性位点,降低壬基异羟肟酸阴离子与OH-离子之间的竞争吸附,这是Bi(Ⅲ)能够活化金红石浮选的本质。Bi(Ⅲ)吸附在金红石表面,导致Zeta电位正移,有利于壬基异羟肟酸的吸附。XPS结果显示,Bi(Ⅲ)吸附前后,钛原子周围的化学环境没有发生变化。Bi(Ⅲ)在金红石-水界面有两种吸附方式:一种是Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)和Fe~(2+)溶解后,Bi(Ⅲ)占据其空位;另一种是Bi(Ⅲ)以羟基化合物的形式覆盖在金红石表面。     

苯乙烯膦酸与脂肪醇对金红石浮选的影响

用苯乙烯膦酸与脂肪醇组成的复合捕收剂浮选金红石矿取得了较好效果。为了解释复合捕收剂在金红石浮选中的协同作用,进行了Ｈａｌｉｍｏｎｄ管浮选试验、捕收剂溶液表面张力的测量、金红石表面吸附量的测定以及Ｘ射线光电子能谱的测试,特别是角分辨Ｘ射线光电子能谱的测试,直接证明了复合捕收剂在固液界面和液气界面的相互作用及取向。试验结果表明,苯乙烯膦酸在金红石表面发生了化学吸附,脂肪醇与苯乙烯膦酸相互联结,其疏水基指向水相,从而增加了金红石表面的疏水性,提高了浮选回收率。     

油酸钠作用下金红石的浮选行为及作用机理

通过纯矿物试验,研究金红石在油酸钠为捕收剂体系中的浮选行为。当油酸钠用量为20 mg/L、pH值为6~8时,金红石浮选回收率均在80%以上;当pH=7.5时,金红石浮选回收率最高,为85.27%。Zeta电位及红外光谱测试结果表明,油酸钠在金红石表面主要发生了化学吸附,同时也可能存在物理吸附。根据油酸钠溶液化学计算,当pH值为6~8时,油酸钠溶液的优势组分为C17H33COO-和(C17H33COO)22-;而金红石表面Ti4+的羟基化合物主要以[Ti(OH)2]2+和[Ti(OH)3]+形式存在。结合金红石在油酸钠捕收剂体系中的浮选行为,油酸钠在金红石表面的相互作用原理是,金红石表面解离的Ti4+在水溶液中形成羟基化合物[Ti(OH)2]2+和[Ti(OH)3]+络合在金红石表面成为浮选的活性质点,再与C17H33COO-和(C17 H33COO)22-作用形成Ti(C17H33COO)4,从而使金红石疏水上浮;油酸(C17H33COOH(aq))分子和离子-分子缔合物(C17H33COOH·C17H33COO-)的物理吸附也可能存在。     

碳钢在废弃钻井液中的腐蚀行为研究

采用静态,动态失重法,动电位扫描技术,扫描电镜及俄歇电子能谱等手段,研究了碳钢在废弃钻井液化学脱稳处理过程中的腐蚀行为,实验结果表明：化学脱稳后的废弃钻井液腐蚀性增加,氧含量,ｐＨ值,温度,固相含量,金属阳离子及混凝剂等都对腐蚀行为有很大影响,除氧和添加吸附型缓蚀剂可减缓废弃钻井液的腐蚀性。     

Mo—La2O3烧结坯间隙杂质的研究

通过扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、电子探针（ＥＰＭＡ）、Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）及俄歇电子能谱（ＡＥＳ）研究了Ｍｏ－Ｌａ２Ｏ３烧结坯中的间隙杂质。结果表明：Ｌａ２Ｏ３的加入提高了烧结睛坯的抗弯强度和韧性。间隙杂质不驻存在于Ｍｏ中,而且在Ｌａ２Ｏ３粒子表面吸附,使晶界杂质浓度降低。     

碳钢在废弃钻井液中的腐蚀行为研究

采用失重法,动电位扫描、扫描电镜及俄歇电子能谱等手段,研究了碳钢在废弃钻井液化学脱稳处理过程中的腐蚀行为。结果表明：化学脱稳后的废弃钻井液腐蚀性增加,氧含量、ＰＨ值、温度、固相含量、金属阳离子及混凝剂等都对体育馆２行为有很大的影响;除氧和添加吸附型缓蚀剂可减缓废弃钻井液的腐蚀。     

用剪切絮凝法脱除高岭石中的赤铁矿

采用剪切絮凝工艺,可有效脱除高岭石中的赤铁矿。Ａｕｇｅｒ电子能谱研究表明,油酸钠能够化学吸附于赤铁矿表面使其疏水,通过对赤铁矿颗粒间总作用势能的计算,推测赤铁矿在剪切搅拌力场的作用下发生疏水作用是其絮凝的主要原因,而在同样的条件下高岭石与油酸钠未发生相互作用,其颗粒仍保持高度的分散。     

苯乙烯膦酸体系中细粒金红石的疏水絮团浮选（英文）

通过浮选试验、动电位测试、显微镜观测、激光粒度分析、吸附量测定和DLVO理论研究细粒金红石在苯乙烯膦酸(SPA)体系中的絮团浮选行为。单矿物浮选试验结果表明,苯乙烯膦酸对细粒金红石的絮团浮选具有良好的诱导作用;同时,溶液pH值、剪切力(搅拌速率)和搅拌时间均对絮团浮选效果有一定影响。动电位测试发现,随着SPA的加入,等电点及电位均负向移动,表明矿物与药剂之间主要发生化学吸附。激光粒度分析表明,在搅拌速度为1800 r/min和1000 mg/L SPA时,金红石颗粒的尺寸最大。此外,通过显微镜观测和浮选试验证明絮团的产生有利于细粒金红石的浮选。综上可得,SPA通过化学吸附作用能有效诱导细粒金红石的疏水絮团并增大其颗粒尺寸。最后,通过DLVO理论计算进一步验证SPA与金红石颗粒之间主要发生化学吸附作用,进而促进絮团产物的形成。     

防锈铝板表面腐蚀原因分析

采用光学金相、扫描电镜、能量色用谱，俄歇电子能谱和X光电子能谱等多种方法分析了防锈铝板表面发生大面积腐蚀的原因，分析结果说明缝隙腐蚀是导致防锈铝板表面发生失效的主要原因。     

口腔医用不锈钢托槽表面着色及膜层成分研究

为了获得重现良好﹑色彩鲜艳的不锈钢表面色彩和了解不锈钢表面着色膜的成分,采用了电位控制不锈钢表面着色方法;并利用俄歇能谱分析表面膜层成分.研究表明通过利用电位变化曲线能够控制不锈钢表面氧化膜的厚度,使着色工艺易于控制,同时分析了化学着色溶液的温度和浓度﹑着色时间对不锈钢托槽表面颜色的影响,测定了着色过程中的电位变化曲线.俄歇能谱成分分析表明不锈钢表面膜层含有Cr、Fe、S、O等元素.     

Mycobacterium Phlei在黄铁矿和方铅矿表面的选择性吸附作用机理

运用吸附量测定、ζ-电位研究、红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱分析,探讨Mycobacterium Phlei在黄铁矿和方铅矿表面的选择性吸附作用机理。结果表明,在其他实验条件固定的情况下,当溶液的初始pH值大于5时,Mycobacterium Phlei在黄铁矿表面的吸附量远远大于方铅矿；静电作用不是致使Mycobacterium Phlei在黄铁矿和方铅矿表面产生选择性吸附的主要作用力；Mycobacterium Phlei细胞表面的C、N和O元素通过矿物表面的Fe,Pb和S元素与矿物表面发生了化学吸附,而且与黄铁矿表面元素的作用程度大于方铅矿。矿物的表面结构及其性质、细胞表面基团与矿物表面金属离子的键合作用大小可能是致使Mycobacterium Phlei产生选择性吸附的主要原因。     

Selective adsorption of bacteria on sulfide minerals surface

The adsorption of bacteria on sulfide minerals surface was studied, and the selective adsorption mechanism of cells on the sulfide minerals was investigated by means of FTIR, UVS and XPS. The results show that the three strains of bacteria adsorbed more preferentially on pyrite than on other two sulfide minerals surface at neutral and alkaline pH conditions. FTIR and UVS of three strains of bacteria indicate that there are more functional groups on their surface, such as O---H, C=O, N--H, C--43, and the content of saccharide is more than that of protein. The state of every element on sulfide minerals surface was analyzed by XPS. The empty orbital number of electronic shell of metal ions on minerals surface is important in selective adsorption process, and some stable constants of metal coordinates can be used to explain the contribution of some groups in saccharide of cell wall to the selective adsorption.     

The corrosion inhibition of copper by benzimidazole

The chemical nature of the complexes formed between copper and benzimidazole in solution has been determined with the aid of Auger electron spectroscopy. Measurements of the adsorption isotherm of benzimidazole on copper reveal that such adsorption is of the Langmuir type. Some correlation is seen to exist between the corrosion inhibition tendency of benzimidazole on copper and the composition of the surface films formed.     

Upgrading ilmenite into a high-grade synthetic rutile

Titanium, the ninth most abundant element, occurs mainly in minable form as ilmenite (95%) and rutile (5%) minerals. The current world consumption of these minerals is used mainly to produce titanium dioxide pigments, with the balance in welding rod flux and titanium metal. Ilmenite is currently being mined in annual quantities eight times larger than rutile. In the past 35 years, an increasing percentage of the pigments have been produced via the chloride method, which requires rutile. This has caused the need to produce a synthetic rutile of more than 90% TiO₂ content and large amounts of an 85% TiO₂ slag from ilmenite. The direct chlorination of 61% TiO₂ ilmenite is being done on a large scale in the United States.     

Flotation behavior and mechanism of rutile with nonyl hydroxamic acid

The flotation and surface interaction of rutile with nonyl hydroxamic acid were investigated in this work. The results show that the adsorption density and flotation recovery of rutile have similar tendency, especially the maximum recovery and adsorption occur at pH about 7.5. In terms of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis, chemical adsorption is identified on the surface of rutile, where a chelate of O,O-five-membered rings with Ti⁴⁺ on the surface of rutile may form. Adsorption measurements, Zeta potential test, IR spectrum analyses, and solution chemistry calculations illustrate that the adsorption on the rutile surface involves both physical and chemical adsorption, while chemical adsorption is dominant.     

Leptosririllum ferrooxidans-sulfide mineral interactions with reference to bioflotation nad bioflocculation

The adhesion of ferrous ions grown Leptospirillumferrooxidans cells on pyrite and chalcopyrite minerals was investigated through adsorption,Zeta-potential and diffuse reflectance FT-IR measurements.The influence of bacterial species on minerals floatability was determined by Hallimond flotation tests while the flocculation behaviour was examined by Turbiscan measurements. The minerals iso-electric point(pH 6.5-7.5)after interaction with bacterial cells shifted towards cells iso-electric point(pH 3.3), in...     

Leptosririllum ferrooxidans-sulfide mineral interactions with reference to bioflotation nad bioflocculation

The adhesion of ferrous ions grown Leptospirillumferrooxidans cells on pyrite and chalcopyrite minerals was investigated through adsorption, Zeta-potential and diffuse reflectance FT-IR measurements. The influence of bacterial species on minerals floatability was determined by Hallimond flotation tests while the flocculation behaviour was examined by Turbiscan measurements. The minerals iso-electric point （pH 6.5-7.5） after interaction with bacterial cells shifted towards cells iso-electric point （pH 3.3）, indicating the chemical nature of cells adsorption on mineral surfaces. The FT-IR spectra of minerals treated with bacterial cells showed the presence of all the cell functional groups signifying cells adsorption. The bacterial cells adsorption on chalcopyrite was higher compared with pyrite, which agreed with cells greater depression effect on chalcopyrite flotation and pronounced flocculation behaviour in comparison with pyrite.     

Adsorption behavior and mechanism of Bi(III) ions on rutile–water interface in the presence of nonyl hydroxamic acid

The adsorption behavior and mechanism of Bi(III) ions on the rutile–water interface were investigated through micro-flotation, Zeta potential measurement, adsorption amount measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). According to the results of micro-flotation, Bi(III) ions could largely improve the rutile flotation recovery (from 62% to 91%), and they could increase the activating sites and reduce the competitive adsorption between nonyl hydroxamic acid negative ions and OH^? ions, which determined that Bi(III) ions were capable of activating rutile flotation. The adsorption of Bi(III) ions onto the rutile surface led to the shift of Zeta potential into the positive direction, which was good for the adsorption of nonyl hydroxamic acid anions. In addition, the results of XPS indicated that the chemical environment around Ti atom had not changed before and after the adsorption of Bi(III) ions. Based on the adsorption mechanism of Bi(III) ions, it was deduced that firstly Bi(III) ions occupied the vacancies of the original Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions on the rutile surface; secondly Bi(III) ions covered on the rutile surface in the form of hydroxides.     

O，O-二（2，3-二羟基丙基）二硫代磷酸对黄铜矿和方铅矿的选择性抑制

以丁铵黑药为捕收剂,添加一种新型抑制剂O,O-二（2,3-二羟基丙基）二硫代磷酸（DHDTP）对黄铜矿和方铅矿进行浮选,通过动电位和吸附量的测试,探讨抑制剂DHDTP与矿物的相互作用机理。浮选试验结果表明：在整个pH范围内,抑制剂DHDTP对黄铜矿的抑制作用很弱;在pH6～10范围内,抑制剂DHDTP对方铅矿有很强的抑制作用。随着抑制剂DHDTP用量的增多,方铅矿的回收率迅速降低,而黄铜矿的回收率只有小幅度的降低。在DHDTP用量278mg／L、矿浆pH6的条件下,人工混合矿浮选得出的精矿中铜的品位和回收率较好,分别为24．08％和81％。通过动电位和吸附量的测试结果可知,DHDTP在方铅矿上的吸附能力明显高于黄铜矿的。