高质量2英寸双面YBCO/MgO薄膜的批量化制备

开展了2英寸(5.08cm)MgO单晶基片上YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)薄膜的制备及工艺稳定性研究。通过对基片表面状态的研究,提出了高温退火处理基片的方法,改善了基片的表平整度,大幅度提高了薄膜的取向性以及结晶质量,制备得到的YBCO薄膜具有优越的超导电性,薄膜临界电流密度J(c77K,0T)≈2.5MA/cm2,微波表面电阻R(s10GHz,77K)≈0.16mΩ,能够满足超导滤波器的设计要求。另外,还就工艺的稳定性和可重复性进行了研究,表明电子科技大学已具有小批量化提供大面积双面YBCO样品的能力。     

MOD法制备Zr~(4+)掺杂的YBCO薄膜及其性能

通过在前驱溶液中掺杂乙酰丙酮锆(Zr(C5H7O2)4),成功地制备了掺杂YSZ的YBCO薄膜。该YBCO薄膜具有很好的面内和面外织构,通过SEM和TEM发现,在薄膜的表面均匀地分布着大小为10nm左右的YSZ颗粒。通过对掺杂的和未掺杂的YBCO薄膜超导性能的比较发现,经过掺杂的YBCO薄膜的临界转变温度(Tc)为90.5K,比未掺杂的YBCO薄膜(Tc=91.7K)下降了1.2K;掺杂的YBCO薄膜在自场下的临界电流密度(Jc)为3.31MA/cm2,比未掺杂YBCO薄膜的Jc(3.69MA/cm2)稍微有所降低,但是在外加磁场下,掺杂的YBCO薄膜的场性能远高于未掺杂的样品,在77K,1T磁场下的掺杂样品中,其Jc值是未掺杂的YBCO薄膜的2.5倍。     

热处理工艺对无氟PA-MOD法制备YBCO超导薄膜的影响

采用无氟的高分子辅助金属有机物沉积（PA-MOD）法在（00l）LaAlO3单晶基底上制备了超导转变温度Tc = 90 K的YBCO超导薄膜。研究了高温热处理过程中不同成相温度和气氛湿度对制备高性能YBCO薄膜的影响。通过X射线衍射（XRD）θ-2θ扫描、ω扫描和φ扫描分析了不同热处理工艺制备的YBCO薄膜的双轴织构程度;通过扫描电镜（SEM）测试研究了不同薄膜样品的表面形貌;采用超导量子干涉仪测量了薄膜的超导转变温度曲线和磁化曲线。结果表明,770 ℃干燥气氛中成相的样品具有优异的双轴织构及平整、致密的表面形貌。采用该优化工艺制备的YBCO薄膜在77 K零场下的临界电流密度（Jc）达到2 MA/cm2,是其它工艺制备薄膜Jc的1.7~6.7倍。     

斜切基片上台阶流动生长的YBCO薄膜及BST/YBCO双层薄膜

用脉冲激光沉积法在斜切(001)SrTiO3单晶基片上生长了c轴取向的YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导薄膜,在斜切(001)LaAlO3单晶基片上生长了Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3/YBa2Cu3O7-δ双层薄膜,并用扫描电镜和透射电镜对薄膜组织进行了表征。结果表明,在1°~3°斜切的SrTiO3基片上生长的YBa2Cu3O7-δ薄膜,呈现台阶流动(stepflow)到三维岛状生长的转变;而6°~15°斜切基片上生长的YBa2Cu3O7-δ薄膜为完全台阶流动生长。在1.2°斜切的LaAlO3基片上原位制备了良好异质外延生长的Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3/YBa2Cu3O7-δ双层薄膜。在77K,1MHz频率和±30V直流偏压下,测定了其电容-电压特性,确定其介电常数、可调谐性和品质因数分别为1200,60%和133。表明该Ba0.1Sr0.9TiO3薄膜可应用于在液氮温度下工作的可调谐微波器件。     

采用全化学溶胶--凝胶工艺制备YBCO覆膜导体

采用TFA-MOD工艺在LaAlO3(100)衬底上制备了临界电流密度高达1.5 MA/cm2(77 K,0 T)的YBCO超导薄膜材料,其超导转变温度接近91 K;同时还在LaAlO3(100)衬底上采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了具有高度外延取向的Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3缓冲层材料,在此基础上采用TFA-MOD工艺沉积的YBCO超导薄膜也获得了高达0.25MA/cm2(77 K,0T)的临界电流密度.     

用熔融织构靶制备的YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)超导薄膜的微观组织结构

用脉冲激光蒸发熔融织构靶材在SrTiO3(001)单晶基片上制备了YBa2Cu3O7-δ超导薄膜。用X-射线衍射仪、透射电镜和原子力显微镜分别对薄膜的微观结构和表面形貌进行了分析。结果表明,薄膜呈c轴取向,薄膜中产生了一定数量的颗粒状Y2O3杂相,且具有择优取向,而靶材中所含的Y2BaCuO8相却没有在薄膜中形成,沉积温度升高,有利于犤001犦取向的Y2O3的形成,但不利于犤111犦取向Y2O3的形成,与传统的粉末烧结靶相比,用熔融织构靶制备YBa2Cu3O7-δ薄膜可以明显抑制薄膜表面颗粒的形成。     

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 文章利用简易的固相反应法制备了YBa2Cu3O7 δ(YBCO)样品。利用FD TX RT Ⅱ高温超导转变温度测定仪测试YBCO样品的超导临界温度Tc为90 K左右，并绘制了YBCO的R T曲线和电镜图像。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Y2O3掺杂ZnO压敏薄膜及其电性能（英文）

研究溶胶-凝胶法制备不同浓度Y2O3掺杂对ZnO-Bi2O3压敏薄膜微观结构和电性能的影响。研究结果表明:Y2O3掺杂ZnO薄膜在750°C空气气氛下退火1h,ZnO薄膜的特征峰与ZnO的六方纤锌矿结构相匹配;ZnO晶粒直径随着掺杂量的增加而减小,Y2O3稀土掺杂氧化锌晶粒细化;薄膜厚度均匀且每一层厚度约80nm。研究结果还表明:当Y3+掺杂浓度为0.2%(摩尔分数)时,ZnO薄膜的非线性伏安特性最好,其漏电流为0.46mA,电位梯度为110V/mm,非线性系数为3.1。     

Y2O3对反应烧结Si3N4/SiC复相陶瓷组织和性能的影响

以低压铸造用升液管为研究目的,以Y2O3-Al2O3-Fe2O3为复合烧结助剂,磨切单晶硅废料Si粉和SiC为主料,反应烧结法制备Si3N4/SiC复相陶瓷。研究了Y2O3含量对复合材料结构和力学性能的影响,采用XRD、SEM对复合材料的相组成、微观形貌进行分析。结果表明,反应烧结后试样生成Si3N4结合SiC晶粒为主相的烧结体,并含有少量Sialon晶须及未反应的Si。Y2O3含量对复相陶瓷力学性能影响很大,在分析稀土Y2O3作用机理的基础上,得到2.5%Y2O3优化试样的力学性能优良,相对密度达到88%,维氏硬度达到1.1 GPa,常温抗弯强度50 MPa。     

YBCO体材料的制备与临界电流密度

本文报道了烧结YBCO块材、Ag基YBCO复合带和熔融织构生长YBCO体材的制备方法、临界电流密度及显微结构。对于烧结YBCO块材,由于存在晶间弱连接问题,J_c仅在10~2—10~3A/cm~2范围(77K、0T),且对外磁场(在0—0.004T范围内)和样品尺寸十分敏感。粉轧工艺制备的Ag基-YBCO复合带材,其显微结构和J_c-H关系与烧结块材类似,由于带材中YBCO层的横截面积较小,与烧结块材相比,带材的J_c有一定提高,最高J_c值达6600A/cm~2(77K,0T)。熔融生长的YBCO体材,具有强烈的c-轴织构。这种结构的样品,其J_c值在77K,0T下大于35000A/cm~2,而在2T磁场下大于18000A/cm~2,显示出熔融织构生长工艺明显改善了烧结YBCO体材中所存在的弱连接。     

Synthesis temperature of Ba4CuPt2O9 compounds and the influence of their addition on the orientation of the c-axes of fluorine-doped YBCO superconductors

An experimental study has been carried out to investigate the synergistic effect of Ba₄CuPt₂O₉ compounds on the critical current density of fluorine-doped YBCO superconductors. The Ba₄CuPt₂O₉ compounds were synthesized by a solid state reaction. It was found that the synthesis temperature of the Ba₄CuPt₂O₉ compounds was over 800°C, which was higher than that ever reported previously. In addition, the influence of Ba₄CuPt₂O₉ compounds on the critical current density of YBCO superconductors has been investigated using two types of Ba₄CuPt₂O₉ compounds: one is not heat-treated, i.e. source materials; and the other is heat-treated at 950°C. It was found that the former affected the orientation of the c-axes, but the latter did not have an influence on the orientation of the c-axes, but adversely affected the superconductivity of samples quenched at temperatures above 850°C.     

Developing melt-textured YBCO

Melt-textured yttrium-barium-copper-oxide is suitable for many applications. By testing demonstrators where these elements are used, it can be learned which material properties must be optimized for a specific application field. For example, critical-current density must be increased for use in electric motors. Mechanical properties are very important for trapped-field magnets. Homogeneous properties on large monoliths seem necessary for bearings in fly-wheel systems. For more information, contact T. Habisreuther, Institut für Physikalische Hochtechnologie, Winzerlaer Str. 10, D - 07745 Jena, Germany; habisreuther@ipht-jena.de.     

X-ray diffraction study of Ba0.985Na0.015Ti0.985Nb0.015O3, Ba0.6Na0.4Ti0.6Nb0.4O3 and Ba0.3Na0.7Ti0.3Nb0.7O3 compositions

The Ba_0.985Na_0.015Ti_0.985Nb_0.015O₃, Ba_0.6Na_0.4Ti_0.6Nb_0.4O₃ and Ba_0.3Na_0.7Ti_0.3Nb_0.7O₃ compositions of the (1 − x) BaTiO₃–xNaNbO₃ (BTNNx) system have been studied by X-ray diffraction and by measurements of dielectric properties. The specimens with composition BTNN (x = 0.015, 0.40 and 0.70) have been refined by the JANA program from X-ray powder diffraction data. Ceramic samples with composition (1 − x) BaTiO₃ + xNaNbO₃ (where x = 0.015, 0.40 and 0.70) were prepared by calcinations from appropriate mixture of BaCO₃, TiO₂, Na₂CO₃ and Nb₂O₅. The calcined powder was sintered at temperature range 1200–1400 °C. As the composition x increased from 0.015 (and 0.70), the ferroelectric ceramics (x = 0.015, FE) with tetragonal phase changed to the ferroelectric relaxors (RFE, x = 0.40). RFE ceramics showed a peculiar diffuse phase transition and dielectric relaxation at the low temperature (down to 180 K) due to a frustration between RFE and FE state. These ceramics present the classical ferroelectric character when 0 ≤ x < 0.075 and 0.55 < x ≤ 1 and relaxor character when 0.075 ≤ x ≤ 0.55.     

Magnetic, electrical and plastic properties of Fe76Nb2Si13B9, Fe75Ag1Nb2Si13B9 and Fe75Cu1Nb2Si13B9 amorphous alloys

Influence of 1 h annealing in vacuum on magnetic, electrical and plastic properties of Fe₇₆Nb₂Si₁₃B₉, Fe₇₅Ag₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ and Fe₇₅Cu₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ melt spun ribbons were carefully investigated. It was shown that in all cases soft magnetic properties can be significantly enhanced by applying 1-h annealing at characteristic temperatures T_op. This optimization annealing causes that permeability increases more than 15-times and magnetic losses (tangent of loss angle) achieves a minimum in relation to the as quenched state. Using structural examinations (X-ray and HRTEM) it was shown that for the Fe₇₅Cu₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ alloy the optimized microstructure corresponds to a nanocrystalline αFe(Si) phase whereas in other alloys to a relaxed amorphous phase free of iron nanograins. As a consequence of this fact the Fe₇₆Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ and Fe₇₅Ag₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ alloys show higher plasticity in comparison to the nanocrystalline Fe₇₅Cu₁Nb₂Si₁₃B₉ alloy. Temperatures of the first stage of crystallization, and related diffusion parameters were determined using measurements of resistivity versus temperature with different heating rates.     

高温超导YBCO的定向凝固

讨论了YBCO高温超导体定向凝固中所涉及的包晶反应、界面稳定性及其形态控制、凝固取向和晶向控制等问题。并提出了定向凝固中应该注意的问题。     

Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42-H2O体系的沉淀配合平衡热力学

针对草酸盐配位共沉淀热分解还原法制备超细铁镍合金粉过程中Fe2+-Ni2+-NH3-NH4+-C2O42--H2O体系的溶液平衡建立热力学分析模型,并根据模型进行相关计算,揭示反应体系中各物质随pH值、氨及草酸浓度的变化关系。结果表明:溶液中的Fe主要以[Fe(C2O4)n]2 2n络合物形式存在,而铁氨络合物含量很低。当氨含量较低时,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在;氨含量较高时,在酸性条件下,溶液中的Ni主要以[Ni(C2O4)n]2 2n存在,在碱性条件下,则主要以[Ni(NH3)n]2+存在。低pH值下,Ni的沉淀率较Fe的高,而高pH值下,Ni的沉淀率则较Fe的低。     

New Zr6CoAs2-type compounds: Y6CoBi2, Ho6CoBi2 and Tm6CoBi2

Results of a powder X-ray diffraction investigation of new ternary compounds are reported. The compounds Y₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8312(1) nm, c=0.4144(1) nm], Ho₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8246(2) nm, c=0.4095(1) nm], and Tm₆CoBi₂ [a=0.8155(2) nm, c=0.4066(1) nm] crystallize in the hexagonal Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure (space group P6b2m No. 189). The Zr₆CoAs₂-type structure is a superstructure of the Fe₂P-type structure.     

Thermodynamics and phase diagrams in the binary systems Na2O-SiO2, Na2O-GeO2, Na2O-B2O3, Li2O-B2O3, CaO-B2O3, SrO-B2O3, and BaO-B2O3

We applied our model to the enthalpy of mixing data of the binary systems Na₂O-SiO₂, Na₂O-GeO₂, Na₂O-B₂O₃, Li₂O-B₂O₃, CaO-B₂O₃, SrO-B₂O₃, and BaO-B₂O₃. The most stable composition in the liquid, that is where the enthalpy of mixing is most negative, is with a metal-oxygen ratio of 4 to 3, for monovalent metals (Na and Li) and 3 to 4 for divalent metals (Ba and Ca) in liquid silicates or borates. The same applies to the CaO-SiO₂, CaO-Al₂O₃, PbO-B₂O₃, PbO-SiO₂, ZnO-B₂O₃, and ZnO-SiO₂ systems. The oxygen to metal ratio, its constant value in various types of systems, reflects and describes the structure of the liquid. Using the analyzed enthalpies of mixing data and the available phase diagrams, we calculated the enthalpies of formation of the various binary compounds. The results are in excellent agreement with data in the literature that were obtained from direct solid-solid calorimetry.     

电弧喷涂制备Fe65Cr20Mo7B3.5SiMn1.5W3涂层

在Q235低碳钢板上利用电弧喷涂工艺进行喷涂,以制得Fe65Cr20Mo7B3.5SiMn1.5W3涂层。喷涂材料为自行配制的丝材,按照35%的填充率将配好的粉填充到U型不锈钢外皮中,经过多道拉拔、挤压工艺制成Φ2mm的粉芯丝材。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪、透射电镜对涂层的物相和组织形貌及成分进行了表征;采用差示扫描量热仪、显微硬度仪等设备对涂层的热稳定性及显微硬度进行了检测和分析。试验结果表明:涂层组织形貌呈典型的层状组织结构,由变形良好的带状粒子相互搭接堆积而成。涂层含有50.63%的非晶相,同时含有纳米级的晶相。涂层组织均匀、结构致密、孔隙率低,并且涂层硬度高达1040.5HV0.3,属硬质涂层,具有良好的热稳定性。