在水介质中的球磨细铝偻

介绍在水介质中利用缓蚀剂保护铝表面，球磨易燃细铝粉的新工艺。已进入工业生产阶段，并取得了较好效果。     

Fe-Si-Al系合金粉微波吸收特性

采用扁平化工艺以及绝缘包覆工艺对铁硅铝系软磁合金粉末进行改性。对实验样品进行扫描电镜分析,观察颗粒形貌对材料性能的影响;探讨球磨时间以及不同绝缘介质含量对于材料电磁性能的影响规律。根据单层吸波材料(含导电衬底)对电磁波的反射率公式的分析以及对不同样品反射率的计算可知,球磨扁平化工艺以及绝缘包覆工艺可有效地改善铁硅铝金属粉末的微波吸收性能。经改性后的铁硅铝系软磁金属粉末在1.0~3.5 GHz频段具有较好的吸波性能,可应用于抗电磁干扰领域。     

在水介质中球磨细铝粉

介绍在水介质中利用缓蚀剂保护铝表面，球磨易燃细铝粉的新工艺。已进入工业生产阶段，并取得了较好效果。     

球磨工艺参数对Cu-14A1-X粉末形貌的影响

研究了球磨工艺参数(球磨转速、球料比、球磨时间)对新型铝青铜Cu-14A1-X合金粉末形貌的改善作用.结果表明,球磨转速为重要影响因素,球磨转速150r/min、球料比10:1、有效球磨时间4h为最佳球磨参数.     

机械高能球磨法制备表面多孔金属铝

将铸态块状纯铝连同聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）粉末放入球磨罐中进行机械球磨，除去残留于试样的聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）。用XRD分析试样的物相，用SEM分析试样的形貌。实验结果表明，机械高能球磨法能够在试样表面形成多孔结构。并确定了较好的工艺参数，初步探讨了聚四氟乙烯在球磨过程中的作用。电化学腐蚀试验检验了腐蚀性能的变化。     

机械球磨法制备CNTs/Al复合粉末

研究了机械球磨法制备CNTs/Al复合粉末的工艺过程,发现球磨工艺能形成良好的CNTs/Al复合粉末.研究了不同含量的碳纳米管量复合效果,发现不同含量的碳纳米管经过球磨工艺都能形成良好的CNTs/Al复合粉末.而对球磨时间的研究中发现,球磨需要一定的时间才能够把缠绕的碳纳米管球磨成短杆状,使碳纳米管均匀的分布在铝基体中.球磨工艺为制备CNTs/Al坯料提供了前提条件.     

制备纳米铝粉工艺参数的正交优化

试验选用无水乙醇为液相介质、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作为修饰剂,采用高能球磨法,成功制备出分散良好的纳米铝粉.通过正交试验,分析了球磨时间、铝粒的加入量、铝粒与修饰剂的质量比和转速四个工艺参数,对纳米铝粉的产率、产量和粉体的特征粒径D50的影响.结果表明:在本试验条件下,制备纳米铝粉的最佳工艺参数为:时间12 h,铝粒的加入量为20 g,铝粒与修饰剂的质量比为4∶1,转速为300 r/min.     

机械合金化Ti-Al复合粉末的结构及显微形貌(英文)

研究了不同球磨时间内Ti-Al复合粉末显微结构及成分的演变。随着球磨时间的延长,原始粉末的形貌发生了一系列变化,从球磨2h的扁平状变为球磨6h的细小的等轴状。球磨8h后粉末的晶粒尺寸达到纳米级,平均约为17nm。对钛铝复合粉末的演化机理进行了分析。在球磨过程中,铝逐渐融入钛晶格形成钛的固溶体。球磨不同时间的粉末中钛铝反应的起始温度的差热分析表明,机械合金化细化了复合粉末,显著降低了钛、铝反应的起始温度。     

铝灰处理工艺研究

铝熔炼过程中产生的铝灰含铝量大约在45%-50%,有很高的利用价值。通过实验证明了通过铝灰热处理、球磨、中频炉熔炼等工艺,可回收铝灰中大部分金属铝,并将低含铝量的铝灰做成电解铝用阳极钢爪保护环,使铝灰循环利用,充分开发了铝灰的价值,减少了铝灰对环境的污染,并收到了较好的经济效益。     

石墨烯纳米片增强铝基复合材料的制备与性能

采用高能球磨、放电等离子烧结以及热挤压工艺制备含量为5.0%(体积分数)的石墨烯增强铝基复合材料。分别采用X射线光电子能谱、透射电镜及拉伸试验研究挤压态复合材料的显微组织与力学性能,发现5.0%(体积分数)的石墨烯分散在铝晶界上,并且未与铝基体发生界面反应。最终,挤压态复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度高达462 MPa和479 MPa,分别比挤压态铝基体提高62%和60%。断口分析表明,在断裂过程中复合材料中分散的石墨烯起到明显的载荷传递的作用。上述结果表明,采用高能球磨、放电等离子烧结以及热挤压制备工艺可将高含量石墨烯分散于铝合金中,且能控制石墨烯和铝基体之间的界面反应。     

Growth Morphologies of a Binary Alloy with Low Anisotropy in Directional Solidification

Two new classes of growth morphologies, called doublons and seaweed, were simulated using a phase-field method. The evolution of doublon and seaweed morphologies was obtained in directional solidification. The influence of orientation and velocity on the growth morphology was investigated. It was indicated that doublons preferred growing with its crystallographic axis aligned with the heat flow direction. Seaweed, on the other hand, could be obtained by tilting the crystalline axis to 45°. Stable doublons could only exist in a range of velocity regime. Beyond this regime the patterns formed would be unstable. The simulation results agreed with the reported experimental results qualitatively.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

The Influence of Yttrium Implantation on the Oxidation of Impure Iron Containing C and Mn at 700°C

A study of impurity-yttrium interactions hasbeen performed during iron oxidation [p(O₂)= 0.04 Pa, T = 700°C]. Yttrium-implanted specimensalways exhibit better oxidation behavior compared withblank specimens. On pure iron or the Fe 0.054 wt.%C alloy thebeneficial effect is attributed toFe₂YO₄ formation. With themanganese-containing alloys (Fe 0.2 wt.%Mn), theprotective effect of yttrium is attributed to YMnO₃ formation. The best oxidationbehavior is obtained with implanted Fe0.18 wt.%Mn-0.041wt.%C alloys due to the formation of an YMnO₃oxide subscale at the scale-alloy interface. Yttriumimplantation also hinders carbon segregation at theoxide-alloy interface. This effect ensures better scaleadherence. With the most-impure alloy, yttriumimplantation also changes the growth process fromexternal cation diffusion to predominant inward-oxygendiffusion.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN J-INTEGRAL AND FRACTURE SURFACE AVERAGE PROFILE

To investigate the causes that led to the formation of cracks in materials, a novel method that only considered the fracture surfaces for determining the fracture toughness parameters of J-integral for plain strain was proposed The principle of the fracture-surface topography analysis （FRASTA） was used. In FRASTA, the fracture surfaces were scanned by laser microscope and the elevation data was recorded for analysis. The relationship between J-integral and fracture surface average profile for plain strain was deduced. It was also verified that the J-integral determined by the novel method and by the compliance method matches each other well.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Intercritical Heat-affected Zone of X80 Pipeline Steel in Simulated In-Service Welding

The intercritical heat-affected zone(ICHAZ) of X80 pipeline steel was simulated by using the Gleeble-3500thermal/mechanical simulator according to the thermal cycle of in-service welding.The microstructures of ICHAZ with different cooling rates were examined,and the hardness,the toughness and corresponding fractography were investigated.Results show that untransformed bainite and ferrite as well as retransformed fine bainite and martensite–austenite(M–A)constituents constitute the microstructure of ICHAZ.The two different morphologies of M–A constituents are stringer and block.Second phase particles which mainly composed of Ti,Nb,C,Fe and Cu coarsened in ICHAZ.Compared with normal welding condition,the toughness of ICHAZ is poor when the cooling time is short under in-service welding condition because of the large area fraction and size of M–A constituents that connect into chains and distribute at the grain boundaries.The Vickers hardness of ICHAZ that decreases with the increase in the cooling time is independent with the area fraction of M–A constituents.     

The use of infrared thermography in the corrosion science area

The use of infrared (IR) cameras has in recent years gained interest as a non‐destructive testing (NDT) technique in a number of different research fields. All objects with a temperature above absolute zero emits IR radiation, and the amount of radiation increases with temperature. Infrared thermography is a non‐contact technique with high speed which allows inspection of large areas in a relatively short time. In the present work different aspects of IR thermography are described and discussed. Further, corrosion panels with defects, i.e. blisters and filiform corrosion, have been investigated with pulsed thermography. The area of the blisters and filaments, measured with pulsed thermography, have been evaluated, the result obtained have been compared with results from surface profile measurements of the same area. The differences between the results and the limitations of the pulsed thermography are discussed.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of X80 Pipeline Steel Joints by Friction Stir Welding Under Various Cooling Conditions

X80 pipeline steel plates were friction stir welded(FSW) under air, water, liquid CO_2 + water, and liquid CO_2 cooling conditions, producing defect-free welds. The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of these FSW joints were studied. Coarse granular bainite was observed in the nugget zone(NZ) under air cooling, and lath bainite and lath martensite increased signifi cantly as the cooling medium temperature reduced. In particular, under the liquid CO_2 cooling condition, a dual phase structure of lath martensite and fi ne ferrite appeared in the NZ. Compared to the case under air cooling, a strong shear texture was identifi ed in the NZs under other rapid cooling conditions, because the partial deformation at elevated temperature was retained through higher cooling rates. Under liquid CO_2 cooling, the highest transverse tensile strength and elongation of the joint reached 92% and 82% of those of the basal metal(BM), respectively, due to the weak tempering softening. A maximum impact energy of up to 93% of that of the BM was obtained in the NZ under liquid CO_2 cooling, which was attributed to the operation of the dual phase of lath martensite and fi ne ferrite.