有色金属铸件的铸渗工艺研究现状

铸渗技术是近年来发展起来的一种制备金属基表面复合材料的新技术。首先,综述了铸渗工艺的基本原理及研究进展;其次,介绍了铝、镁、铜合金铸件表面铸渗工艺和铸渗技术,并指出了各自技术存在的问题;最后,对有色金属铸渗工艺的发展前景进行了展望。     

工艺条件对WC/高铬铸铁铸渗效果的影响

高铬铸铁铸渗碳化钨制备的复合材料有利于解决特殊工况条件下零部件磨损异常突出的问题，但前提条件是要达到良好的铸渗效果。作者就浇注系统、浇注温度、型腔气压、铸渗层厚度等工艺参数对铸渗效果的影响进行了试验研究。结果表明，在适宜的铸造工艺条件下，碳化钨颗粒和高铬铸铁基体之间可以形成良好的冶金结合，铸渗效果较好。     

犁铧表面耐磨层的消失模铸渗工艺研究

采用消失模铸渗工艺在铸钢犁铧表面制备WC颗粒增强钢基复合材料耐磨层。介绍了铸渗的工艺流程、铸渗用耐磨涂料的配方和涂覆工艺、铸造工艺参数的确定原则;研究了浇注工艺对铸渗件质量的影响,测试分析了铸渗层的硬度及耐磨性。结果表明,犁铧的铸渗部位与内浇道部位的相对位置对铸渗质量影响较大,铸渗部位位于浇口之上可得到较好的铸渗犁铧件;犁铧铸渗层的硬度是基体的1.7倍,耐磨性是基体的2.97倍。     

碳化钨/高铬铸铁复合铸渗层耐磨特性研究

采用CO2水玻璃砂型铸渗工艺制备了碳化钨/高铬铸铁复合铸渗层试样,借助于MLD-10动载磨损试验机、扫描电镜研究了渗剂组分、粒度、工艺参数对铸渗层耐磨性的影响,结果表明:在试验条件下,渗剂中加入60～80目的20%碳化钨颗粒、40%高铬铸铁粉获得的铸渗层耐磨性能最佳.复合铸渗层适合于小能量冲击磨损的工况条件.     

WC/铁基复合材料铸渗复合层的研究

复合层的厚度及其质量是决定复合材料耐磨性的重要因素。实验采用铸渗法工艺，以低铬铸铁为基体，WC颗粒为主要渗剂，研究浇注温度、预制膏块的厚度、增强体颗粒的含量、增强体颗粒改性处理等因素对铸渗层的影响，确定铁基表面复合材料制备的最佳制备工艺。     

灰铸铁表面高铬铸铁铸渗层的组织与性能研究

采用铸渗工艺在灰铸铁表面制备高铬铸铁铸渗层,并研究了不同涂敷层厚度对灰铸铁表面铸渗层的铸渗质量、显微硬度及耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:涂敷层厚度为4 mm的试样,铸渗层深度最大,渗层组织分布均匀,铸渗层显微硬度在1200 HV以上,耐磨性是基体试样的2倍。     

碳化钨增强钢铁基耐磨复合材料的研究和应用

评述了制备复合材料的铸渗法、粉末烧结法、堆焊法、电渣熔铸法等工艺方法,以及碳化钨和钢铁基体的选择、界面反应和强度、复合材料的性能和应用现状.重点介绍了粘结剂、其他添加剂、碳化钨颗粒形状、粒度及其分布、浇注温度等对铸渗工艺及其表面复合材料的影响.阐明铸渗法是一种有前途的制备工艺,自蔓延工艺和铸造工艺的组合有可能取得新的成效.指出复合层厚度在10 mm以上的铸渗工艺,工程化和产业化关键技术以及复合工艺的稳定化是今后的研发重点,表面耐磨复合材料较适用于零部件的局部磨损和低角度的冲蚀磨损,应据磨损工况来选择制备工艺及其复合材料.     

铸渗法制备陶瓷颗粒增强金属基复合材料的研究进展

综述了铸渗法制备陶瓷颗粒增强金属基复合材料的成分设计原则。从陶瓷预制体制备工艺、铸渗法制备陶瓷颗粒增强金属基复合材料制备工艺及改善陶瓷颗粒与金属基体润湿性3个方面阐述了复合材料的研究进展。概述了陶瓷颗粒增强金属基复合材料应用现状,并对未来发展进行了展望。     

颗粒增强钢铁基表面复合材料铸渗技术的研究与发展

从材料的选择、铸渗工艺、及铸渗应用等方面,介绍了国内外运用铸渗法制备钢铁基表面复合材料的新进展.分析了复合材料中增强相和基体间的相互作用和界面问题.提出了今后研究工作中值得重视的几个问题.     

纳米TiN增强高铬铸铁铸渗层耐磨性的研究

采用CO2水玻璃砂型铸渗工艺在中碳铸钢ZG270-500表面制备了纳米TiN高铬白口铸铁铸渗层,研究了纳米TiN加入量对铸渗层组织显微硬度和耐磨性的影响.结果表明,在试验条件下,纳米TiN能够提高铸渗层的硬度,当加入量为1 0％时铸渗层具有最好的耐磨性能,加入量过多时纳米TiN有向界面处富集的趋势.     

RHEOLOGY FEATURE OF SIMPLE METAL MELT

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

LASER CLADDED TiCN COATINGS ON THE SURFACE OF TITANIUM

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of X80 Pipeline Steel Joints by Friction Stir Welding Under Various Cooling Conditions

X80 pipeline steel plates were friction stir welded(FSW) under air, water, liquid CO_2 + water, and liquid CO_2 cooling conditions, producing defect-free welds. The microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of these FSW joints were studied. Coarse granular bainite was observed in the nugget zone(NZ) under air cooling, and lath bainite and lath martensite increased signifi cantly as the cooling medium temperature reduced. In particular, under the liquid CO_2 cooling condition, a dual phase structure of lath martensite and fi ne ferrite appeared in the NZ. Compared to the case under air cooling, a strong shear texture was identifi ed in the NZs under other rapid cooling conditions, because the partial deformation at elevated temperature was retained through higher cooling rates. Under liquid CO_2 cooling, the highest transverse tensile strength and elongation of the joint reached 92% and 82% of those of the basal metal(BM), respectively, due to the weak tempering softening. A maximum impact energy of up to 93% of that of the BM was obtained in the NZ under liquid CO_2 cooling, which was attributed to the operation of the dual phase of lath martensite and fi ne ferrite.     

INDUSTRY NEWS

China Securities News reported on March 21, 2014： Guangdong Hongtu Wuhan Die Casting Co., Ltd. （Wuhan Hongtu）, a wholly owned subsidiary of Guangdong Hongtu Technology （Holdings） Co., Ltd., held a groundbreaking ceremony recently. With the registered capital of 50 million Yuan, Wuhan Hongtu has a total land area of 100,000 square meters and a plant construction area of 72,000 square meters. It is expected to have a production capacity of about 30,000 tonnes of aluminum castings annually after it is put into production.     

STUDY ON PROPERTIES OF PULSE ELECTRODEPOSITED RE-Ni-W-P-SiC COMPOSITE COATINGS

The effects of pulse frequency f and duty cycle r on the deposition rate, composition, morphology, and hardness of pulse electrodeposited RE （rare earth）-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings have been studied. The results indicate that pulse current can improve the deposition rate of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings; W, P, and SiC contents in the coating decrease with the increase of pulse frequency and reach the lowest value at f = 33Hz, whereas the RE content in the composite coatings increases with the increase of pulse frequency. SiC content decreases with the increase of duty cycle, W content reaches the lowest value, and P content reaches the highest value at r = 0.4; pulse current and RE can lead to smaller size of the crystalline grains; however, the effects of different pulse frequency and duty cycle on the morphologies of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings are not obvious. The hardness of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings is the highest when the duty cycle is at 0.6 and 0.8 and pulse frequency is at 50Hz. At the same pulse frequency, the hardness of RE-Ni-W-P-SiC composite coatings at r= 0.8 is higher than that at r= 0.6.     

GROWTH MORPHOLOGIES OF A BINARY ALLOY WITH LOW ANISOTROPY IN DIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION

Two new classes of growth morphologies, called doublons and seaweed, were simulated using a phase-field method. The evolution of doublon and seaweed morphologies was obtained in directional solidification. The influence of orientation and velocity on the growth morphology was investigated. It was indicated that doublons preferred growing with its crystallographic axis aligned with the heat flow direction. Seaweed, on the other hand, could be obtained by tilting the crystalline axis to 45°. Stable doublons could only exist in a range of velocity regime. Beyond this regime the patterns formed would be unstable. The simulation results agreed with the reported experimental results qualitatively.     

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN J-INTEGRAL AND FRACTURE SURFACE AVERAGE PROFILE

To investigate the causes that led to the formation of cracks in materials, a novel method that only considered the fracture surfaces for determining the fracture toughness parameters of J-integral for plain strain was proposed The principle of the fracture-surface topography analysis （FRASTA） was used. In FRASTA, the fracture surfaces were scanned by laser microscope and the elevation data was recorded for analysis. The relationship between J-integral and fracture surface average profile for plain strain was deduced. It was also verified that the J-integral determined by the novel method and by the compliance method matches each other well.