常化温度对2.5%Si无取向硅钢第二相析出行为的影响

采用扫描电镜、透射电镜和双束扫描电镜对不同常化温度2.5%Si无取向硅钢中不同类型第二相析出物的析出行为和演化规律进行了研究。结果表明,常化温度从850℃升高至1100℃,微米级大尺度第二相粒子呈一次长大-析出-二次长大-回溶的变化规律;当常化温度<920℃时,析出相以AlN+MnS复合长大为主;随后小尺寸的MnS、AlN及其复合析出物数量迅速增多,并在950℃时达到峰值;随着常化温度的进一步升高,第二相粒子析出数量快速减少,然后缓慢增长至趋于平衡,大尺寸析出物出现部分回溶。纳米级析出物则以Cu₂S和Cu₂S+MnS复合析出为主。并且950℃常化时,2.5%Si无取向硅钢的铁损最低。     

基于CSP工艺冷轧板第二相析出行为及其对组织的影响

采用TEM和光学显微镜对CSP工艺生产的冷轧基料和变形81.6％的冷硬板及模拟罩式退火工艺的退火板进行了组织分析.结果表明,在CSP工艺热轧、冷轧及退火各生产工序中都有纳米级第二相析出物的存在,Fe3C有聚集长大的趋势,MnS和AlN弥散分布在晶界和晶内,MnS尺寸为40 ～ 100 nm,在610℃时观察到50 nm左右AlN大量析出.第二相对退火过程中再结晶组织产生了重要影响,MnS及Fe3C对冷轧板组织的影响较A1N弱.随着退火过程的进行,晶粒长大,扁形晶粒增多.     

含锡取向硅钢高温二次再结晶退火过程中抑制剂的析出特点

采用透射电镜研究了含锡取向硅钢高温二次再结晶退火过程中抑制剂的析出行为,分析了抑制剂对初次再结晶的抑制作用。结果表明,析出物除了常规的AlN和MnS外,还有少量Sn单质;其中AlN和MnS相是主要抑制剂,具有强烈的抑制作用;少量Sn相起辅助抑制作用,控制析出物AlN的尺寸和数量,有助于主抑制剂的弥散分布。抑制剂在600~700 ℃时开始析出长大,900 ℃显著长大,1020 ℃平均尺寸达到最大值;抑制剂的尺寸随退火温度升高而增大,体积分数、分布密度则先增大后减少。当退火温度达到1000 ℃时,析出物平均粒径约50.3 nm,体积分数最大约3.81%,分布密度约5.9×10¹⁴ 个/cm³。根据试验和Zener因子综合判定抑制力,Zener因子随退火温度升高而增加,在900 ℃达到最大139,析出物分布密度达到最大8.9×10¹⁴个/cm³;在1020 ℃时,Zener因子几乎为零,完成二次再结晶过程。     

热轧后冷却速度和卷取温度对汽车用低合金高强钢板中析出物的影响

采用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机研究了层流冷却速度和卷取温度对汽车用低合金高强钢板热轧过程中析出行为的影响。结果表明:热轧过程中钢中析出物主要为多边形Nb (C,N)和细小NbC;随着热轧后层冷速度的增大,析出物尺寸减小、长大速度减慢,其密度从200个/μm~2减少到了50个/μm~2。试样热轧后层冷至400℃的卷取过程中,由于析出驱动力不足,析出物的数量骤减,其密度从250个/μm~2减小到了25个/μm~2。控制热轧过程中析出物的尺寸和数量并尽量减少含Nb析出物的数量,有利于连续退火后得到细小均匀的组织,产生细晶强化和析出强化的双重强化效果。     

Nb和Mo对矿用磨球用钢微结构和相变的影响

对不同合金成分磨球用钢样品进行高温激光共聚焦显微镜(HT-CLSM)原位观察和JMatPro软件模拟计算,研究了Nb、Mo元素对其热处理过程中微结构和相变的影响。结果表明,试验钢中添加0.051%Nb元素的原奥氏体平均晶粒尺寸最小(38.8 μm),添加0.079%Mo元素的次之,无添加的最大,可达74.1 μm。添加Nb元素时,析出物类别主要为Nb(C, N)和MnS,析出物的数量最多,显著阻碍了高温奥氏体晶粒长大。添加Mo元素时,析出物类别主要为MnS和AlN,析出物数量次之,对奥氏体晶粒长大有一定的阻碍作用。Nb和Mo元素的添加均有利于扩大贝氏体转变区,增加贝氏体转变量,提高马氏体转变开始温度。     

薄板坯连铸连轧Fe-3wt％Si钢带析出物的实验研究

在实验室模拟薄板坯连铸连轧(TSCR)生产Fe-3wt%Si钢带,对不同保温制度的析出物形貌进行观察和分析.结果表明,在晶界、晶内均有析出,且弥散析出物与常规流程中MnS和AIN相基本相同,即圆形弥散析出常化前后尺寸无明显变化,只是数量较少.方形析出物常化后尺寸明显均匀.热轧前铸坯边部和中心温度不均匀会导致析出物出现中心弥散析出而边部聚集析出的现象.     

Nb对取向硅钢热轧板中抑制剂析出行为的影响

采用金相显微镜(OM)和透射电镜(TEM)研究了Nb对取向硅钢中抑制剂析出行为的影响。结果表明,取向硅钢中的抑制剂不仅有Al N和MnS的细小析出物,还有大量细小的Nb(C,N)析出颗粒,0.050%Nb硅钢热轧板中的析出物的面积密度较大、平均晶粒尺寸较小,且0.050%Nb试样热轧组织中再结晶分数较低,回复和变形组织较多。采用Thermal-Calc软件验证了中温加热的可行性,表明在取向硅钢中加入适当的Nb可降低取向硅钢的加热温度。     

含稀土取向硅钢高温铁素体区的再结晶及抑制剂析出行为

利用Gleeble 1500D、SEM、TEM、ICP等研究手段,分析了含稀土取向硅钢在1200℃铁素体区热轧变形30%、保温不同时间后水冷的再结晶及抑制剂析出行为。结果表明,含稀土取向硅钢高温铁素体区热轧后仅发生动态回复,未发生动态再结晶,析出相的数量没有明显增加;热轧后保温20 s左右开始发生静态再结晶,抑制剂析出相开始析出并且长大,再结晶发生率越高,析出相体积分数增长越快。变形结束后析出相中Cu₂S和MnS数量相差不多,再结晶发生率为64%时,MnS增长约7.4%,Cu₂S增长约19.34%。析出相大多于晶内析出,随保温时间延长部分抑制剂逐渐在晶界处形核并长大。     

易切削非调质钢凝固过程及钢中MnS析出规律

利用Thermo-Calc热力学软件计算研究YF45MnV钢中MnS的平衡析出规律及凝固过程中各元素的偏析行为对MnS析出的影响。结果表明:MnS平衡初始析出温度为1421℃,初始析出温度随C、Si、Al含量增加而降低,随Mn、S含量增加而升高;Scheil凝固过程中,计算得到Mn、S的平衡分配系数分别为0.70、0.02,二者随着凝固过程进行在剩余液相中不断偏析富集,达到平衡浓度积后析出MnS。真空感应炉冶炼不同S含量(0.025%~0.065%)的实验钢,发现钢中硫化物主要为大量细小II类MnS+少量尺寸较大的III类MnS。随S含量的提高,大尺寸MnS数量增加,沿晶界偏聚分布的情况更为严重。     

利用连铸—热轧法生产电工钢

利用薄板坯连铸并配合连续热轧的先进生产工艺生产热轧钢板的方法，具有能耗少、经济指标好的优点。因此，研究了利用此法生产各向异性电工钢的可能性，在此种情况下的主要问题，在于能够在热轧钢带中形成体积密度高于1012个／cm3而颗粒度小于0．1μm的抑制相。用传统方法工业生产各向异性钢材时，作为抑制相利用了MnS和A1N相，这些相主要是在热轧过程中以相当快的速度冷却的条件下析出的。在连铸一热轧过程中在板坯凝固以及在预热炉中保温的条件下，可能形成较粗的析出物颗粒。在近似于连铸一热轧过程的条件下，研究硫化物和氨化物夹杂物…     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

FORMULAS OF TENSION OF CONTINUOUS ROLLING PROCESS

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.     

Bulletin of the Awards in 2013

<正>Five reviewers and 9 published articles are selected as the Excellent Rewewerand Excellent Article in 2013 respectively.Excellent Reviewers:Prof.Z ongyi Ma(Institute of Metal Research,CAS,C hina);Prof.Y ongbo Xu(Institute of Metal Research,CAS,C hina);Prof.Guangping Zhang(Institute of Metal Research,C AS,C hina);Prof.Z hendui Cui(Tianjin University,China);