Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb-0.2W-0.15B合金板材的制备及其拉伸性能

采用感应熔炼气体雾化法制备Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb-0.2W-0.15B预合金粉末,对预合金粉末进行表征,通过热等静压工艺制备TiAl基合金坯料.应用包套叠轧的方法轧制出TiAl基合金板材,对轧制的TiAl基合金板材进行不同相区的热处理,分别得到双态组织和全片层组织,对热处理后的TiAl基合金进行拉伸性能测试.结果表明:TiAl基合金的预合金粉末主要由α2相和少量γ相组成,热等静压致密化处理后的板坯组织细小均匀.拉伸实验表明,双态和全片层组织的TiAl基合金板材在高于700 ℃时,其塑性大幅提高;双态组织TiAl基合金板材的断裂形式主要以韧性断裂为主,而全片层TiAl基合金板材的断裂形式仍为脆性断裂.     

快速冷却TiAl基合金显微组织演变的研究

利用离心铸造的方法,浇注了目标成分为Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb(at.%)的合金,并对其进行热等静压(HIP)处理(1270℃/173MPa/4h),研究了TiAl基合金在快速冷却条件下的晶粒尺寸变化和片层间距变化规律,以及HIP工艺对其析出相尺寸的影响。研究结果表明,TiAl基合金试样横截面边缘区域的晶粒尺寸最小,而最大尺寸晶粒出现在过渡区域内;片层间距和HIP过程中析出相在截面内的尺寸变化符合抛物线规律。     

轴向柱塞泵中滑靴副的摩擦磨损性能研究

采用摩擦磨损试验机和白光干涉仪,考察不同载荷和转速下工具钢球与304钢组成的滑靴副的摩擦因数、磨损体积和磨痕形貌,从而找到最优工况以提高滑靴副的寿命以及工作效率。通过极差和方差分析发现:载荷、转速和半径对摩擦因数的影响都比较显著,并且载荷为100 N、转速为50 r/min和半径为20 mm时的摩擦因数达到最小值。基于正交试验的最优结果,开展控制变量试验。结果表明:随载荷的增大,磨损体积先增大后减小,在50 N时磨损体积最小,为91.468×10⁶μm³;磨损体积随转速的增大而逐渐增大,且在50 r/min时磨损体积最小,为926.613×10⁶μm³;随着载荷和转速的变化,磨痕的深度和宽度也会变化,其中载荷对磨痕宽度的影响显著,从50 N到150 N时,磨痕的宽度增大2.2倍、深度增大1.9倍;转速对磨痕深度的影响显著,从50 r/min到150 r/min时,磨痕的宽度增大34%、深度增大1.66倍。     

硅含量对喷射沉积SiC_p/Al-Si功能梯度复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

对喷射沉积技术制备的不同硅含量铝基功能梯度复合材料进行室温摩擦学性能研究。结果表明:当硅含量分别为7%、17%和20%时,SiCp/Al-Si功能梯度复合材料的摩擦因数随载荷或滑动速度(转速)的增加而减小;随着SiC颗粒含量的增加,摩擦因数呈增大趋势;随基体硅含量增加,摩擦因数越稳定。在转速300~500 r/min、700~900 r/min和载荷10~30 N、40~50 N时,磨损率随转速、载荷的增加而升高,随SiC颗粒含量的增加而降低,梯度变化明显;在转速500~700 r/min和载荷30~40 N时,随转速、载荷的增加,磨损率反而减小;随基体硅含量的增加,磨损率呈降低趋势,材料在摩擦过程中生成的机械混合层(MML)厚度呈减小趋势。     

热等静压制备Si_p/Al-Cu复合材料的组织与性能

采用热等静压(HIP)技术制备50Sip/Al-Cu和70Sip/Al-Cu复合材料(50Sip/Al-4.0Cu和70Sip/Al-4.0Cu,Si含量为体积分数,Cu的质量分数为4.0%),利用XRD和扫描电镜研究热等静压态样品的相组成和组织形貌,并测试其主要物理和力学性能。结果表明:材料完全致密、Si颗粒在Al基体中分布均匀且组织细小;热等静压态的50Sip/Al-Cu和70Sip/Al-Cu复合材料的热膨胀系数分别为12.7×10 6和8.7×10 6K 1,抗弯强度分别为395和350MPa,热处理后的材料强度拉弯可进一步提高至548和397 MPa,与采用其他技术制备的同类材料相比,热等静压制备的Sip/Al-Cu复合材料在保持低膨胀系数的同时具有更高的抗弯强度及其他力学性能。     

金属型离心铸造TiAl基合金显微硬度分布规律研究

利用离心铸造的方法，浇注了目标成分为Ti-48Al—2Cr-2Nb（at．％）的合金，并对其进行热等静压（HIP）处理（1270℃／173MPa／4h），研究了样品截面内的显微硬度分布规律，以及热等静压工艺时其显微硬度分布的影响。结果表明，由于金属型离心铸造TiAl基合金内部往往存在难以消除的微观缩松，铸态样品横截面内的显微硬度分布不存在明显的规律性；HIP工艺明显减小了样品横截面的显微硬度平均值，且呈现出较强的规律性，表现为中心区域附近较高，而边缘区域较低。     

液压马达球铰副表面ZrO2涂层的摩擦学性能

为探索表面ZrO2涂层的球铰副在液压马达中的摩擦学规律,采用摩擦磨损试验机和白光干涉仪模拟ZrO2涂层的球铰副在不同载荷和转速的工况下,球铰副在液压马达中的摩擦磨损变化情况。分别从摩擦因数、磨损体积和磨痕形貌分析其摩擦磨损规律,从中找到最优的工况去提高ZrO2涂层的球铰副寿命和工作效率。通过开展控制变量试验发现：转速对ZrO2涂层的球铰副摩擦学性能的影响远大于载荷,在100 N-100 r/min时摩擦因数最小为0.059 6;磨损体积随载荷和转速的增大而逐渐增大,且在50 N-50 r/min时磨损体积最小为0.184 mm3。综合以上规律发现,载荷100 N和转速50 r/min工况下ZrO2涂层的球铰副减摩抗磨效果最好,低转速能够有效延长液压马达的使用寿命和提高机械效率。     

航天用超大规格GH4169高温合金螺栓热镦工艺

为研究一种航天用超大规格GH4169高温合金螺栓热镦工艺，利用热模拟试验机对材料进行了高温压缩实验，分析了不同变形温度和应变速率对材料变形抗力的影响，并对GH4169高温合金螺栓的热镦成形过程进行了数值模拟，分析了成形过程中等效应力场分布、损伤值分布、金属流线分布、摩擦因数对成形载荷的影响，最后进行了工艺实验。研究结果表明：应变速率一定时，随着变形温度的升高，材料的变形抗力逐渐降低；变形温度一定时，随应变速率的增大，材料的变形抗力逐渐增大；摩擦因数μ=0.3时成形过程中的最大载荷为3.56×10⁶ N,摩擦因数μ=0.5时成形过程中的最大载荷为4.11×10⁶ N。工艺实验得到的GH4169高温合金螺栓锻件充填饱满，尺寸符合要求，未发现锻造缺陷，符合航天领域使用需求。     

生物医用β型Ti-15Mo-xNb合金的显微组织、力学性能和干态耐磨性(英文)

为了研究元素Nb含量对β型Ti-Mo基合金显微组织和性能的影响,制备了4种Ti-15Mo-xNb(x=5%,10%,15%和20%)合金,并研究其显微组织和性能。采用CJS111A型球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机评价了Ti-15Mo-xNb合金与Gr15对磨时的干摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:Nb含量对Ti-15Mo-xNb合金显微组织结构形态的影响较大,4种合金主要由β相组成,其硬度值均高于HV200;Ti-15Mo-5Nb合金的压缩屈服强度最低,Ti-15Mo-10Nb合金的压缩屈服强度最高;在干磨状态下Ti-15Mo-xNb合金的摩擦因数不稳定但其值较高;在不同的加载条件下,磨损表面均出现了较深的平行磨痕,在加载载荷为1N时Ti-15Mo-5Nb合金的摩擦因数最低;Ti-15Mo-xNb合金的磨损机制为粘着磨损。     

自耗电极/感应凝壳熔铸TiAl基合金成分均匀性研究

利用重力和离心铸造方法，在金属型中浇注了目标成分为Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb（原子分数，％）的TiAl基合金，随后对其进行热等静压（HIP）处理（1270℃／173MPa／4h），研究了合金中各元素的分布均匀性。结果表明，熔炼过程中Al元素将产生一定的挥发。使得重力和离心浇注的TiAl基合金中Al元素含贯均低于目标成分，离心力场对成分均匀性无明显影响。各种元素沿铸件横截面径向分布基本上是均匀的，微观区域内的成分波动可通过HIP工艺得到显著的改善。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.