化学镀Ni-P电镀Ni-Co-Mn复合层力学及耐热腐蚀性能

通过先化学镀后电镀的方法制得"基材-化学镀Ni-P层-电镀Ni-Co-Mn层"的复合层,采用金相观测、纳米压痕、纳米划痕、SEM、EDS等方法研究了镀层的力学性能及耐热腐蚀性能。结果表明,复合层的弹性模量与纳米硬度与电镀层相近,比单一化学镀层略低;复合层与基材结合得较好,复合层中2种镀层亦结合得较好,结合力超出纳米划痕的最大测量值28 N,比单一电镀层与基材的结合力大;化学镀层与电镀层的组织致密度较高,耐热腐蚀性及抗氧化性较好,且化学镀层稍优于电镀层;先化学镀后电镀的工艺比单一电镀的结合牢固,比单一化学镀的镀层生长速率要快,且热腐蚀后与基材的结合力提升很多。     

《电镀与涂饰》2005年第10期主要文章摘要

化学镀铜原理、应用及研究展望；ILH-8型铝件彩虹色处理剂；银-纳米SiO2脉冲复合电镀工艺条件的优化与性能研究；电沉积RE-Ni-W-P-SiC-PTFE复合镀层的耐蚀性研究（Ⅱ）；铝和铝合金电镀前处理工艺及其对镀层结合力的影响。     

Ni-ZrO2纳米复合电镀层的制备及其耐蚀性研究

采用电镀工艺制备了纯镍电镀层和NiZrO2纳米复合电镀层，对纯镍电镀层和NiZrO2纳米复合电镀层分别在10％HCl和10％H2SO4溶液中的耐蚀性进行了对比研究，用SEM对各种电镀层腐蚀后的表面形貌进行了观察.结果表明，在脉冲条件下所制备纳米复合电镀层的耐蚀性明显优于其它电镀层，其原因是电镀层中复合有适量的纳米ZrO2颗粒以及脉冲电沉积工艺本身所致.      

镁合金表面Ni-P/Ni镀层的制备与性能研究

在镁合金表面先化学镀Ni-P层,再电镀Ni,获得高耐蚀性Ni-P/Ni镀层,并用静态腐蚀浸泡法研究了化学镀时间和电镀时间对所得镀层在5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,先化学镀40 min,再电镀15 min所得的Ni-P/Ni镀层具备高耐蚀性能,电化学测试结果表明,此种镀层在酸性和碱性溶液中都具有较好的耐蚀性能。在200℃热处理24 h后,Ni-P/Ni镀层的耐蚀性提高,同时外层Ni层的显微硬度从HV460增大到HV550。镀层侧面的SEM照片显示,镀层均匀致密,与基体结合良好,化学镀层与电镀层之间没有明显的界限。     

纳米金刚石的加入对镁合金Ni-P镀层组织和性能的影响

目的提高镁合金化学镀层的力学性能。方法选择出一组优良镁合金化学镀Ni-P工艺参数,在Ni-P镀液中加入不同的纳米金刚石浓度。通过观察所得镀层的微观组织形貌,对比镀层形貌组织;通过对复合镀层进行热处理,分析镀层组织结构的变化;通过测定金刚石加入前后镀层的摩擦系数,检测了复合镀层的耐磨损性能;通过查看镀层腐蚀斑点数目,检测复合镀层的耐腐蚀性能。结果随着纳米金刚石浓度的增加,复合镀层的形貌越好,当纳米金刚石加入量达到6 g/L时,所得复合镀层的微观形貌均匀、致密。热处理使镀层结构由非晶态变为结晶态,显微硬度明显提高。金刚石的加入致使镀层的摩擦系数降低且稳定,相比化学镀Ni-P镀层,加入金刚石后的复合镀层的腐蚀斑点数较少。结论纳米金刚石的加入大大提高了镀层的力学性能。     

一种环保型锌合金无氰镀镉工艺

在锌合金基体表面上从内到外依次制备锌镍合金预镀层、无氰镀镉层、三价铬铬钝化层和纳米封闭层。锌镍合金预镀层采用碱性锌镍合金电镀工艺,或采用酸性锌镍合金电镀工艺制备。按照GB/T 10125-1997《人造气氛腐蚀试验盐雾试验》进行中性盐雾试验1728 h,镀件表面无白色腐蚀物生成;按照JB 2111-1977《金属覆盖层的结合强度试验方法》测定,镀层没有出现起泡和脱落。这种镀层结构具有优异的耐蚀性和良好的结合力,克服了采用氰化预镀铜和六价铬钝化存在高毒性的技术缺陷,具有较好的市场前景。     

Ni-28.0 mass%Al纳米复合镀层的氧化研究

利用复合电镀技术，通过向电镀溶液中加入平均粒度为75 nm的Al粉的方法在Ni基材上制备了Ni-28.0 mass%Al纳米复合涂层，XRD和TEM分析表明，Al纳米颗粒均匀分布在Ni纳米晶粒中.1050℃氧化实验表明：Ni-28.0 mass%Al纳米复合镀层的氧化速度明显低于单Ni镀层及Ni基材的，这是因为在氧化过程中Ni-Al纳米复合镀层热生长连续的Al2O3氧化膜.      

纳米金刚石的复合镀技求

1概述1．1何谓复合镀技术？复合镀技术是指采用电镀、电刷镀、化学镀等工艺制备复合镀层（材料）的技术。复合镀技术是复合电镀、复合电刷镀、复合化学镀等技术的泛称。复合有两层含义：第一层含义是向电镀溶液、电刷镀溶液、化学镀溶液中添加不溶性固体颗粒材料，把这种添加的过程叫做“复合”；     

非晶态化学镀Ni-P-Yb-ZrO2复合镀层的工艺研究

为了提高非晶态化学镀Ni-P镀层的综合性能,向Ni-P化学镀液中添加纳米ZrO2粒子及稀土Yb,获得Ni-P-Yb-ZrO2复合镀层.分析了镀液组分(纳米ZrO2、稀土Yb、表面活性剂)的添加量及操作工艺参数(pH值、搅拌速度)对Ni-P-Yb-ZrO2复合镀层中纳米ZrO2粒子含量的影响,并确定了最佳的镀液组分添加量和操作工艺参数.在该最佳条件下获得的Ni-P-Yb-ZrO2复合镀层,表面平整,纳米ZrO2粒子分散较为均匀,耐磨性能优异且结合力良好.     

Zn/纳米CeO2复合镀层的制备及电化学性能研究

纳米粒子具有一系列特殊的性能,采用电镀的方法在镀层中添加纳米颗粒可改善镀层的某些性能.利用纳米稀土氧化物在基体相中的补强作用以及可能赋予镀层某些新性能的特点,采用复合电镀的方法制备了Zn/纳米CeO2复合镀层,分析了镀液中CeO2颗粒悬浮量、阴极电流密度和镀液温度等因素对复合镀层中纳米CeO2复合量和膜层质量的影响,用正交试验法优选了各工艺参数.采用电化学方法研究了Zn/纳米CeO2复合镀层的耐蚀性.结果表明:复合镀层晶粒细小,平整光滑,显微组织均匀、致密,且镀层耐蚀性能比相同电镀条件下制得的纯锌镀层有所提高.     

纯镁表面负载中药提取物对复合涂层性能影响

在纯镁超声微弧氧化表面,采用电泳沉积方法引入壳聚糖作为中间层,并在壳聚糖表面浸提中药提取物。研究中药提取物对复合涂层的微观结构、磨损性能、耐蚀性和生物活性等的影响。结果表明：负载中药提取物能对超声微弧氧化表面实现封孔处理,负载中药提取物涂层具有适宜的表面状态,从而改善耐蚀性;负载中药提取物涂层为化学结合提高了涂层的结合力和抗磨损性能,并具有优异的体外生物活性。     

烧结钕铁硼电镀锌铁合金工艺与耐蚀性能

采用弱酸性氯化物镀液在钕铁硼基体上制备了高耐蚀性的锌铁合金镀层,讨论主要工艺参数对镀层铁含量的影响,优化工艺条件。采用盐雾试验(NSS)、SEM和电化学方法研究镀层的耐蚀性能和耐蚀机理。结果表明,优化工艺条件后合金镀层含铁质量分数为0.92%,钝化后在质量分数3.5%的Na Cl溶液中出白锈时间达到196 h。合金镀层对钕铁硼基体起到阳极保护的作用,镀层结晶致密,填补了钕铁硼基体的固有缺陷,同时又为获得致密的钝化膜创造了条件,减少了镀层表面的缺陷,使镀层整体具有极高的电阻,提高了其耐蚀性能。     

Pulse electroplating of Ni-W-P coating and its anti-corrosion performance

Ni-W-P coatings were electrodeposited on copper substrates by pulse electroplating. Effects of electrolyte pH (1-3), temperature (40–80 °C), average current density (1–7 A/dm²) and pulse frequency (200–1000 Hz) on deposition rate, structure and corrosion resistance performance of Ni-W-P coatings were studied by single factor method. Surface morphology, crystallographic structure and composition of Ni-W-P coatings were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, respectively. Corrosion resistance performances of Ni-W-P coatings were studied by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 3.5% NaCl solution (mass fraction) and soil-containing solution. It was found that the pulse electroplated Ni-W-P coatings have superior corrosion resistance performance and the electroplating parameters significantly affect the structure and corrosion resistance performance of Ni-W-P coatings. The optimized parameters of pulse electroplating Ni-W-P coatings were as follows: pH 2.0, temperature 60 °C, average current density 4 A/dm², and pulse frequency 600 Hz. The Ni-W-P coating prepared under the optimized parameters has superior corrosion resistance (276.8 kΩ) and compact surface without any noticeable defect.     

镁合金表面沉积铜钨复合涂层工艺及涂层性能研究

目的提高镁合金表面的耐蚀耐磨性。方法采用冷喷涂与化学气相沉积(CVD)相结合的方法在镁合金表面制备出Cu/W复合涂层,并对复合涂层的结构、成分、组织形貌、耐磨性、耐蚀性、结合力进行分析。结果镁合金基体沉积Cu/W复合涂层后,表面硬度提高了687.1HV,磨损率从0.032%降到0.020%,腐蚀电位正移了1.3 V,临界载荷相比直接化学气相沉积W涂层提高了120.5 N。结论Cu/W复合涂层显著提高了镁基体的耐磨、耐蚀性,涂层与基体结合力较高。     

钛表面微弧氧化+碳膜的制备与表征

为提升钛金属与碳膜的界面结合,增强涂层的防护作用,利用微弧氧化(MAO)技术在钛表面快速简易制备出与基体为冶金结合的多孔层结构,并以此为基采用离子束复合磁控溅射技术制备碳膜。采用SEM+EDS、AFM分析所制备膜层的微观结构,借助划痕仪、磨损试验机和电化学工作站表征膜层的结合力和性能。结果表明：表层碳膜并不能完全覆盖微弧氧化层的微孔,同时Ti基体表面微弧氧化层可有效增加表层碳膜与Ti基体的结合力；Ti基体/MAO层/碳膜的膜基体系在摩擦磨损过程中,摩擦系数小且波动很小,磨痕宽度最小,表现出最为优异的摩擦学性能；而新设计复合膜层的耐蚀性较传统的Ti基体/Ti打底层/碳膜的膜基体系要差,这与表层碳膜较薄,复合膜层仍呈现出微弧氧化层多孔特征有关,其导致腐蚀介质易于通过微孔而降低耐蚀性。     

Effect of initial deposition behavior on properties of electroless Ni–P coating on ZK60 and ME20 magnesium alloys

The composition of magnesium alloys is greatly associated with initial deposition behavior of electroless Ni–P coatings. Thus, the initial deposition behavior of electroless Ni–P coatings on ZK60 and ME20 alloys was investigated. The results indicated that differences in the alloy compositions significantly influenced the initial deposition process and the adhesive strength, corrosion resistance, and crystal structure. The initial deposition of coatings on ZK60 and ME20 alloys preferentially occurred on the precipitates. The precipitates in ZK60 alloy had higher chemical activity after HF activation and controlled the initial deposition rate of the coating. The initial deposition rate of the coating on ME20 alloy mainly depended on the density of the MgF₂ film formed by HF activation rather than on the precipitates. Owing to differences in the initial deposition process, the coating on ZK60 alloy had higher adhesive strength and better corrosion resistance than that on ME20 alloy. The coatings on ZK60 and ME20 alloys mainly had crystalline structures, and the coating on ME20 alloy had also a slight microcrystalline structure.     

Corrosion properties of plasma-polymerized methylcyclohexane films using electrochemical methods

Three types of methylcyclohexane (MCH) coating were deposited as interlayer dielectrics on copper using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) at three different RF plasma power levels. The coating performance was then evaluated by an electrochemical im pedance spectroscopy (EIS) and a potentiodynamic polarization test in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. An atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Fourier transform infrared reflection (FT-IR) spectroscopy were also conducted to analyze the coatings. The MCH coatings showed a lower corrosion rate than the copper substrate in the potentiodynamic tests. The EIS results showed that the corrosion resistance of the coatings increased with an increasing plasma power. Thus, the MCH films with an increasing plasma power improved the corrosion resistance due to the formation of a low-porosity coating, the enhanced formation of C−H, C−C, and C≡C stretching configurations, and the improved smooth surfaces.     

Corrosion and tribological properties and impact fatigue behaviors of TiN- and DLC-coated stainless steels in a simulated body fluid environment

In this study, the corrosion and tribological properties of TiN and DLC coatings were investigated in a simulated body fluid (SBF) environment. The ball-on-plate impact tests were conducted on the coatings under a combined force of a 700 N static load and a 700 N dynamic impact load for 10,000 impacting cycles. The results indicated that the TiN and DLC coatings could achieve a higher corrosion polarization resistance and a more stable corrosion potential in the SBF environment than the uncoated stainless steel substrate SS316L. The good corrosion protection performance of TiN could be due to the formation of a Ti-O passive layer on the coating surface, which protected the coating from further corrosion. The superior corrosion property of the DLC coating was likely attributed to its chemical inertness under the SBF condition. The TiN and DLC coatings also exhibited an excellent wear resistance and chemical stability during the sliding tests against a high density polyethylene (HDPE) biomaterial. Compared to the DLC coating, the TiN coating has a better compatibility with the HDPE. However, the impact tests showed that the fatigue cracks and the coating chipping occurred on the TiN coating but not on the DLC coating.     

Tribological and electrochemical characteristics of DLC coatings with bias voltage

Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings were deposited on a STS 316L substrate by means of R.F plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (R.F PACVD) technique using benzene (C₆H₆) as a reaction gas. The tribological and electrochemical characteristics of the DLC coatings were investigated by a tribological technique (wear test) and by electrochemical techniques (potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy). Surface analyses of the DLC coatings were conducted by means of scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. This study provides reliable and quantitative data for an assessment of the effect of bias voltage on tribological and electrochemical characteristics in a simulated body fluid environment (0.89 wt.% NaCl of pH 7.4 at 37°C). From the results of the tribological and electrochemical techniques, wear and corrosion resistance of the DLC coatings were improved owing to the low surface roughness, low porosity and good adhesion strength. Among all DLC coatings in this experiment, the DLC coating with a bias voltage of −800 V showed better wear and corrosion resistance than did other coatings     

预沉积ZnO薄膜对ZnO−MoS2/ZnO复合涂层结构与性能影响

目的 通过优化原子层沉积工艺获取不同厚度ZnO薄膜,研究ZnO薄膜晶体取向对ZnO?MoS2涂层生长结构的影响,获得具有优异摩擦学性能的ZnO?MoS2/ZnO复合涂层。方法 采用原子层沉积法在不锈钢基体上预沉积不同厚度的ZnO薄膜,再用射频磁控溅射技术继续沉积ZnO?MoS2涂层,制备ZnO?MoS2/ZnO固体润滑复合涂层。结果 X射线衍射分析发现,预沉积ZnO薄膜有诱导后续ZnO?MoS2涂层沉积生长的作用,预沉积100 nm厚ZnO薄膜的ZnO?MoS2/ZnO复合涂层显示出宽化的MoS2 (002)馒头峰,其截面形貌显示为致密的体型结构,获得的摩擦因数最低(0.08),纳米硬度最高(2.33 GPa),硬度/模量比显示该复合涂层的耐磨损性能得到提升;X射线光电子能谱分析结果表明,复合涂层表面游离S与空气中水发生反应程度大约为原子数分数5%,显示复合涂层耐湿性能较好;基于原子层沉积ZnO薄膜生长及其对后续ZnO?MoS2涂层生长的影响分析,提出了ZnO?MoS2/ZnO复合涂层磨损模型,阐明了ZnO薄膜对复合涂层结构及摩擦学性能的影响,并以该模型解释了200 nm厚 ZnO薄膜上沉积ZnO?MoS2涂层出现的摩擦因数由高到低的变化趋势及最终磨损失效现象。结论 合适的原子层沉积制备的ZnO薄膜有利于MoS2 (002)取向生长,可有效提升ZnO?MoS2/ZnO复合涂层的摩擦学性能;控制ZnO薄膜厚度,可实现ZnO薄膜与基底及ZnO?MoS2层间界面之间的优化结合,以制得具有较好摩擦学性能及使用寿命的ZnO?MoS2/ZnO复合涂层。