壳聚糖季铵盐在硫酸介质中的缓蚀性能研究

研究了壳聚糖季铵盐作为单组分缓蚀剂对碳钢在硫酸溶液中的缓蚀性能,以及缓蚀剂浓度、温度、时间和特性粘度、取代度等因素对缓蚀效果影响.结果表明,在一定条件下壳聚糖季铵盐具有良好的缓蚀性能,为壳聚糖季铵盐开拓新的应用领域作了探讨.     

氯离子与咪唑啉复配缓蚀剂的合成与应用

利用油酸和二乙烯三胺为原料合成咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂后,在50℃、5%的盐酸介质中用静态失重法对咪唑啉季铵盐与阴离子表面活性剂和无机阴离子的研究,得到了一个与咪唑啉季铵盐有最佳复配效果的复配体,咪唑啉季铵盐与I-复配比为1:1(质量比)时,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果最佳.在不同时间和不同温度下对复合型缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率进行了研究.结果表明,新型缓蚀剂对A3钢的缓蚀率达到99%以上,与单独用咪唑啉季铵盐相比,其缓蚀效率提高了0.7%左右.     

高温高压H2S/CO2环境缓蚀剂分子结构与缓蚀性能关系的研究

用静态和动态腐蚀失重法研究喹啉季铵盐、吡啶季铵盐、曼尼希碱和咪唑啉季铵盐四种不同主体类型缓蚀剂在高温高压H₂S/CO₂环境中N80钢的缓蚀性能,并结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）表面分析技术研究了不同缓蚀剂主体分子结构与缓蚀性能的关系。结果表明,四类缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率的大小顺序是：喹啉季铵盐>吡啶季铵盐>曼尼希碱>咪唑啉季铵盐。喹啉季铵盐与其他三种缓蚀剂主体分子结构相比具有更好的抗硫性能,其对N80钢具有良好的吸附性能,可形成抗腐蚀性介质渗透能力强的致密均匀和稳定不易分解的有机膜。其缓蚀剂用量为0.15%时,缓蚀率可达97%。     

三苯环咪唑啉季铵盐的合成与缓蚀性能

利用两步法合成了三苯环咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂(简称Q ATI)，并对其结构进行了表征，通过腐蚀失重法、电化学测定等方法对其在HCl、H2SO4 酸洗液中对碳钢的缓蚀效果进行测定.结果表明，三苯环咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀性能优异.同时探 讨了其缓蚀机理.     

一种复合型咪唑啉缓蚀剂

以油酸和二乙烯三胺为原料合成咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀剂后,在50℃、5%的盐酸溶液中用静态失重法对咪唑啉季铵盐与阴离子表面活性剂和无机阴离子进行研究,得到了一个与咪唑啉季铵盐有最佳复配效果的复配体,咪唑啉季铵盐与I-复配比为1∶1(质量比)时,缓蚀剂的缓蚀效果最佳。在不同时间和不同温度下对复合型缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率进行了测量。这种缓蚀剂对A3钢的缓蚀率达到99%以上,比单独用咪唑啉季铵盐缓蚀效率提高了0.7%。     

喹啉季铵盐酸化缓蚀剂对超级13Cr不锈钢电化学行为的影响

研究了喹啉季铵盐对超级13Cr不锈钢在1 mol/L盐酸溶液中电化学行为的影响,并分析了温度、卤族阴离子类型和浓度对于喹啉季铵盐缓蚀效率的影响及机理。研究表明,喹啉季铵盐属于抑制阳极反应为主的混合型缓蚀剂,温度的升高会促进喹啉季铵盐的脱附过程,使其保护作用降低。卤族阴离子协同作用效果的顺序为：I^->Br^->Cl^-。随着I^-浓度的升高,其协同作用效果提高。加入0.005 mol/L以上浓度的KI,喹啉季铵盐的缓蚀率可达99%以上。     

含噻二唑季铵盐表面活性剂的合成及缓蚀杀菌性能研究

结合杂环化合物和季铵盐表面活性剂用作缓蚀剂和杀菌剂的结构特点,合成了含噻二唑杂环的季铵盐表面活性剂(MTOTB),并采用1HNMR、ESI-MS和FT-IR对其结构进行表征.采用表面张力法研究其表面活性,采用电化学测试和表面分析的方法研究其在含硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的模拟海水中对碳钢的缓蚀性能.结果 表明,MTOTB在...     

含氮杂环双季铵盐在高温酸性溶液中的缓蚀性能

以喹啉为母体,对二氯苄为卤化剂合成一种含氮杂环双季铵盐,并对其结构进行红外表征;同时利用静态失重法、极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)对其在高温酸性水介质中的缓蚀性能进行了研究.极化曲线表明该双季铵盐缓蚀剂为强烈的阴极型缓蚀剂,EIS表明含N 的杂环分子在低频区表现为明显的吸脱附感抗环,表明在弱阳极极化下季铵盐类缓蚀剂就会发生阳极脱附.失重试验和电化学测试表明其缓蚀性能良好,但进一步性能的提高还需要通过复配来降低其脱附敏感性.     

咪唑啉季铵盐对Q235钢在盐酸溶液中的缓蚀性能

合成了苯乙酸咪唑啉季铵盐(PAIPI)和萘乙酸咪唑啉季铵盐(NAIPI),通过失重法、电化学方法研究了两者在1 mol/L HCl中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能,并探讨了其在Q235钢表面的吸附行为.结果表明,两者在1 mol/LHCl中对Q235钢均为阳极型缓蚀剂,其中NAIPI对Q235钢的缓蚀性能优于PAIPI;两者在Q235钢表面均是单层吸附,属于物理吸附.     

CO2饱和NaCl溶液中松香基咪唑啉季铵盐的缓蚀吸附行为

以松香和二乙烯三胺为原料合成了松香基咪唑啉,并采用氯乙酸钠对合成产物进行季铵化改性,得到水溶性松香基咪唑啉季铵盐.通过失重法和电化学方法测试了该季铵盐在60℃的CO2饱和3%NaCl溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能.结果表明,水溶性松香基咪唑啉季铵盐对Q235钢有很好的缓蚀作用,150 mg/L用量时缓蚀率超过90%.该缓蚀剂是一种以阳极抑制为主的缓蚀剂,遵循Langmuir吸附等温式,在钢表面发生自发吸附,存在较强的吸附作用力.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis