液料等离子热喷法制备Fe3+/TiO2纳米粉末

通过对液料等离子热喷前驱物添加掺杂成分实现了液料等离子热喷TiO2纳米粉末的掺杂改性,并利用TEM,XRD及XPS对其进行表征.结果表明,采用液料等离子热喷法可以制备Fe3 掺杂TiO2纳米粉末,所制备粉末形貌基本呈球形或近球形,粒径分布为10～35 nm,掺杂量小于2.0%时粉末为锐钛矿及金红石相混晶,Fd3 掺杂促进锐钛矿向金红石相的转变,掺杂量为10.0%时析出了Fe2Ti3O9相.Fe3 掺杂不会引起TiO2粒径的大范围波动.粉末中含有O,Ti,Fe和C等元素,Fe元素在TiO2中仍为 3价.     

La3+、Ce4+掺杂对纳米TiO2-Fe2O3凝胶相变过程的影响

采用sol-gel法制备了掺杂La3+、Ce4+的TiO2-10wt%Fe2O3复合粉体,利用TG-DTA和XRD分析对凝胶的相变过程进行了表征。结果表明:TiO2-10wt%Fe2O3凝胶在450℃发生非晶态向锐钛矿相的转变,而在500℃煅烧2 h后未发现锐钛矿相向金红石相转变;随La3+、Ce4+掺杂量的增加,锐钛矿晶粒呈现细化→长大的趋势;随La3+掺杂量的增加,对Fe2O3微晶的生成作用呈现促进→抑制的趋势,而对Fe3O4微晶的生成呈现抑制→促进的趋势;随Ce4+掺杂量的增加,对Fe2O3微晶的生成作用随掺杂量的增加呈促进→抑制→促进的趋势,而对Fe3O4微晶的生成呈现抑制→促进的趋势;La3+、Ce4+掺杂对TiO2相变过程有重要影响。     

Mg2+掺杂TiO2薄膜的制备及其光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯和Mg(NO3)2为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法在较低的热处理温度下制备了Mg2+掺杂的TiO2薄膜,并研究了TiO2薄膜光催化降解甲基橙的情况.采用DTA、XRD、SEM等研究测试手段,发现通过溶胶-凝胶法在TiO2溶胶中加入Mg(NO3)2的方法,可以降低TiO2从无定型到锐钛矿相和锐钛矿相到金红石相的晶型转变温度,并在600C热处理条件下,获得了具有锐钛矿相和金红石相混晶的TiO2薄膜,通过甲基橙水溶液光催化实验表明:其光催化活性高于未掺杂TiO2薄膜的光催化活性.     

XRD表征Ag掺杂对TiO2晶型结构的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备Ag掺杂TiO2,掺杂Ag的摩尔浓度为:1 mol%、2 mol%、5 mol%,利用XRD对Ag不同掺杂浓度的TiO2的晶型结构进行了表征.结果表明:掺杂Ag降低了TiO2从锐钛矿相向金红石相转变的温度,促进了TiO2晶型结构的转变.通过Scherrer公式计算发现,适量的掺杂,可以使具有光催化活性的锐钛矿粒子粒径减小.     

Mo掺杂纳米TiO2光催化材料的制备及其降解氨气的研究

介绍了溶胶-凝胶法(Sol-Gel)制备纳米TiO2的工艺流程。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、热重-差示扫描量热(TG-DSC)等方法表征了Mo掺杂TiO2的相组成、相变点与掺杂量的关系。结果表明,掺杂Mo的TiO2在520℃、650℃煅烧2h后呈锐钛矿结构,在700℃煅烧2h已有10．3％锐钛矿结构转化为金红石结构。TG-DSC测试表明,随着Mo掺杂浓度的增大,TiO2由非晶态向锐钛矿结构的转变温度升高。光催化降解反应表明,Mo掺杂TiO2光催化反应2h后氨气降解率达32．3％,且浓度不出现波动。     

Li+掺杂TiO2薄膜的制备及晶化行为

本文采用DTA,XRD,SEM及Raman光谱等测试手段,研究了利用溶胶-凝胶法制备LiNO3掺杂的TiO2薄膜的相变行为,提出了通过加入Li+离子降低薄膜从无定形到锐钛矿、锐钛矿到金红石的相转变温度的方法.并通过甲基橙水溶液的光催化降解实验表明在600℃热处理温度下的LiNO3掺杂的TiO2薄膜的光催化效率高于未掺杂的TiO2薄膜.     

阳极氧化制备TiO_2纳米管阵列的可控相转变及表征

采用电化学阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管阵列,分别在O2、N2、5%H2+95%N2(体积分数)和NH3气氛中于400~650℃退火处理,初步实现TiO2纳米管中锐钛矿向金红石相转变的可控制备。采用FESEM、XRD、Raman对退火处理后TiO2纳米管的表面形貌、结构以及相转变等进行表征。结果表明:随着退火温度的升高,在O2气氛退火时,源于Ti基体的吞噬效应(Feeding effect)是导致TiO2相转变的主要原因;在N2和(5%H2+95%N2)气氛退火后,氧空位加速了锐钛矿向金红石相的转变;而在NH3气氛中退火后,N掺杂则有效抑制了锐钛矿向金红石相的转变。在此基础上,对其相转变机理进行了初步探讨,为进一步制备具有可控相含量及微观点缺陷的TiO2半导体和高性能器件提供了有益思路。     

用偏钛酸作原料制备纳米TiO2粉末以及颗粒相结构与光催化性能关系的研究

米用常温氨水水解TiOSO4过程中加入自制的表面活性剂制备了超细纳米TiO2粉末,用XRD,TEM和比表面仪对不同煅烧温度下的纳米TiO2粉末结构、粒径大小和比表面等进行了表征,研究了纳米TiO2粉末对甲基橙的光催化降解能力。研究表明煅烧温度在400℃～800℃时得到的纳米TiO2粉末呈锐钛矿结构,粒径约为5．5nm～9．6nm,比表面积高达189．45m^2/g;在850℃煅烧后所得的纳米TiO2粉末为锐钛矿与金红石型混晶结构;在l100℃时得到的纳米TiO2粉末为金红石型纳米TiO2粉末,同时微粒出现团聚且粒径变大。光催化实验表明：纳米TiO2粉末的光催化活性与煅烧温度密切相关,850℃煅烧1．5h所制得的混晶结构纳米TiO2粉末表现出较高的光催化活性。与国产商品纳米锐钛矿型TiO2相比,其降解甲基橙的速率约为国产商品纳米TiO2的1倍。     

掺杂Y^3＋的纳米TiO2微粒的制备及其光催化性能

在Sol-Gel法制备纳米TiO2微粒的最佳制备条件的基础上，制备了掺杂稀土离子钇(Y^3 )的纳米TiO2复合粒子，并对这二者进行了XRD，TEM和DRS表征及光催化活性检验。结果表明，未经掺杂的TiO2与掺杂稀土Y^3 的TiO2均为锐钛和金红石的混合晶型，锐钛和金红石的比例约为3：1；掺杂抑制了TiO2晶粒的生长，使得TiO2粒径明显变小，其颗粒大小为10nm左右。用DRS表征微粒的光吸收能力和光吸收带边移动情况，发现掺杂导致了TiO2光吸收能力增强及吸收带边红移。通过对苯酚的光催化氧化降解研究，发现当Y^3 掺杂量(按质量)为1．5％时，TiO2光催化活性最高，与未掺杂的TiO2相比，其光催化活性提高约20％。     

Fe3+掺杂对氧化钛凝胶相变过程的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备不同含量Fe3+掺杂的纳米氧化钛粉体,利用X光衍射仪研究了氧化钛凝胶的相变过程,分析了产物的晶体结构、金红石转变量和锐钛矿晶粒尺度.试验结果表明,Fe3+的掺杂抑制了锐钛矿相变,促进锐钛矿向金红石相的转变;阻碍锐钛矿晶粒的长大.Fe3+掺杂量大于2mol%时,在600℃烧结获得小于40nm的锐钛矿晶体.     

Crystal structure analysis and thermoelectric properties of p-type pseudo-binary (Al2Te3)x–(Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3)1−x (x = 0 0.2) alloys prepared by spark plasma sintering

Sm³⁺-doped TiO₂ nanocrystalline has been successfully prepared by low temperature combustion synthesis (LCS). Results showed that the samarium doping was found to be able to significantly inhibit the anatase–rutile phase transformation. Photocatalytic degradation experiments indicated that doping samarium ions in TiO₂ could enhance photocatalytic activity in photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. The increase in photocatalytic activity is probably due to prevention of electron–hole recombination and the existence of a synergistic effect between anatase and rutile. The highest enhancement in photoreactivity was obtained at 0.5 mol% samarium ions doping, which may be in favor of the most efficient separation of the charge carriers. It has been found that the photocatalytic activity is drastically increased under the presence of a small amount of anatase phase (only 5.9% anatase) compared to pure rutile, and the sample calcined at 600 °C with 51.61% rutile shows the highest photocatalytic activity, which suggests the existence of a synergistic effect between anatase and rutile powders in the Sm³⁺-doped TiO₂, which is similar to that of undoped TiO₂.     

Dominant microstructural feature over photocatalytic activity of high velocity oxy-fuel sprayed TiO2 coating

TiO₂ photocatalytic coatings were deposited through high velocity oxy-fuel spray using anatase powder and rutile powder as feedstock. The as-sprayed TiO₂ coating was composed of anatase phase and rutile phase. The anatase content in the coating was significantly influenced by fuel gas flow and melting condition of spray powder. A high anatase content of 35% was achieved for the coating deposited using rutile powder. The anatase content in the coating deposited using anatase powder reached 55-65%. The as-sprayed TiO₂ coating was photocatalytically reactive for degradation of acetaldehyde in air. The photocatalytic activity was influenced by spray conditions. The surface morphology and phase structure of coatings deposited at different spray conditions were investigated to clarify the relationship between the coating microstructure and activity. It is found that the photocatalytic activity is significantly influenced by anatase content and surface area.     

Effect of Nd2O3 addition on the surface phase of TiO2 and photocatalytic activity studied by UV Raman spectroscopy

TiO₂ modified with Nd₂O₃ (Nd-TiO₂) nanoparticles were prepared by a co-precipitation method and utilized as the photocatalysts for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). The influence of Nd₂O₃ on the bulk and surface phase, surface area, particle size, and optical response of TiO₂ was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET, and UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra. It is found that the crystalline phase and phase composition in the bulk and surface region of Nd-TiO₂ calcined at high temperatures can be tuned by changing the amount of Nd₂O₃. Based on the results from XPS, EDX, XRD, and UV Raman spectra, it is assumed that Nd³⁺ ions do not enter the TiO₂ lattice, but highly disperse onto the Nd-TiO₂ particle surface in the form of Nd₂O₃ crystallites. These crystallites inhibit the agglomeration, growth in crystal size, and anatase-to-rutile phase transformation of TiO₂. In the photocatalytic degradation of RhB reaction, Nd-TiO₂ nanoparticles with higher surface area and wider optical response are more reactive in case of the same surface anatase phase. When the mixed phases of anatase and rutile exist in the surface region of Nd-TiO₂, the synergetic effect over surface area and optical response is the important parameter which determines optimal photocatalytic activity.     

SnO2@TiO2核-壳纳米线的制备及其光催化性能研究

本文通过固-液-气(VLS)生长机制,利用化学气相沉积法(CVD)制备SnO₂纳米线。利用原子层沉积(ALD)以钛酸四异丙酯为前驱体在SnO₂纳米线表面沉积不同厚度的TiO₂壳层,形成SnO₂@TiO₂核-壳纳米线结构。通过中间Al₂O₃插层,分别制备出金红石和锐钛矿两种不同晶型的TiO₂,从而制备出两种不同复合结构的SnO₂@TiO₂核-壳纳米线。实验研究该复合结构中TiO₂的厚度与晶型对紫外光下光催化降解甲基橙溶液活性的影响。     

无模板剂的溶胶-水热法合成具有可见光响应的氮掺杂混晶 TiO2(锐钛矿/金红石/板钛矿)纳米棒束

采用无模板剂的溶胶-水热法制备了具有可见光响应的N掺杂锐钛矿/金红石/板钛矿型TiO_2(N-TiO_2)纳米棒束,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、紫外-可见光漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对获得的样品进行了表征。以甲基橙为模型反应物,评价了N-TiO_2纳米棒束的光催化活性。表征结果结合光催化活性评价结果显示,与P25-TiO_2相比,N掺杂、混晶及纳米棒束之间的协同作用是所制备的混晶N-TiO_2纳米棒束具有良好光催化活性的主要原因,并对混晶N-TiO_2纳米棒束光催化降解甲基橙的机理进行了探讨。     

Influence of La and Dy on the properties of the long afterglow phosphor CaAl2O4: Eu, Nd

The long afterglow phosphor CaAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺,Nd³⁺ was prepared by the high temperature solid-state reaction method, and the influence of La³⁺ and Dy³⁺ on the properties of the long afterglow phosphor was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL), and thermoluminescence (TL). The XRD pattern shows the host phase of CaAl₂O₄ is produced and no impurity phase appears. The peak wavelength of the phosphor does not vary with La³⁺ and Dy³⁺ doping. It implies that the crystal field, which affects the 5d electron states of Eu²⁺, is not changed dramatically after doping of La³⁺ and Dy³⁺. The TL spectra indicate that the phosphor doped with La³⁺ or Dy³⁺ produces different depths of trap energy level. In the mechanism of long afterglow luminescence, it is considered that La³⁺ or Dy³⁺ works as trap energy level. The decay time lies on the number of electrons in the trap energy level and the rate of the electrons returning to the excitation level.     

Microstructure characterization and photocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO2 films with ultrafine anatase nanocrystallites

A series of mesoporous TiO₂ films on borosilicate glass with ultrafine anatase nanocrystallites were successfully synthesized using a non-acidic sol gel preparation route, which involves the use of nonionic surfactant Tween 20 as template through a self assembly pathway. The microstructure of these TiO₂ films was characterized by XRD, SEM, HR-TEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm analysis. Their photocatalytic activities were investigated by using creatinine as a model organic contaminate in water. It was found that all mesoporous TiO₂ films prepared with Tween 20 exhibited a partially ordered mesoporous structure. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO₂ films could be remarkably improved by increasing Tween 20 loading in the sol at the range of 50% (v/v), which yielded large amount of catalyst (anatase) on the glass support and enhanced specific surface area. The optimum Tween 20 loading was 50% (v/v) in the sol, above which good adhesion between TiO₂ films and borosilicate glass could not be maintained. The final TiO₂ film (Tween 20: final sol = 50%,v/v) exhibits high BET surface area (∼ 120 m²/g) and pore volume (0.1554 cm³/g), ultrafine anatase nanocrystallinity (7 nm), uniform and crack free surface morphology, and improved photocatalytic activity.     

Y-TiO2薄膜的超声波—溶胶—凝胶法制备及表征（英文）

提出了一种制备Y掺杂TiO2薄膜的新方法。采用溶胶-凝胶法结合超声技术,以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体制备Y-TiO2溶胶,分别采用XRD、SEM、FT-IR和UV-vis对样品的组成与结构进行了表征。结果表明:Y3+掺杂可较好地抑制TiO2由锐钛矿相向金红石相的相变,提高了相变温度,抑制了晶粒生长。Y掺杂TiO2薄膜的晶型结构为锐钛矿相结构,晶型为锐钛矿相,粒度为6~16nm。Y3+掺杂能引起TiO2光学吸收边的"红移",带隙变窄,红移程度随掺杂量增加而增大,随温度升高而减小。薄膜表面平整,厚度约80nm。