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1.
用铅试金富集催化剂及含铑废水的铑并用钯作灰吹保护,得到钯、铑合粒。合粒经溶解后,用ICP-AES测定其中的铑。该法的富集效果好,钯基体对测定没有干扰,测定快速、准确,相对标准偏差小于1%(n=7),回收率大于97%。本法可用于含铑0.x%~0.000x%的测定。  相似文献   

2.
电镀钯溶液     
以极薄而廉价的白色钯镀层代替昂贵的白色铑镀层是很受人们欢迎的。本文就是推荐一种可用于的钯溶液电沉积,这种钯镀层的溶液,含有1~20克/升的肥,25-120克/升镇盐,0.5~5.0克/升的有机光亮剂,0.1-1.0克/升无机光亮剂和导电盐。实例:钯(以二氯化二氨络钯添加)2克/升;硫酸铵,30g/l;氯化钾,15ml/l;氢氧化铵8g/l;苯甲醛磺酸钠2g/l;硫酸镍0.2g/l;pH值,5.5-7.0;槽液温度,50℃;电流密度0.4-1.5A/dm~2;试片,镀镍钢片;按上述条件电沉积的钯,其厚度与铑相同,它  相似文献   

3.
溶胶凝胶法制备纳米贵金属稀土复合氧化物研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过溶胶凝胶法以无机盐为原料制备纳米贵金属稀土复合氧化物,并采用透射电镜(TEM)、低温氮吸附、X射线衍射(XRD)和程序升温H2还原(TPR-H2)对其形貌特征和物化性能进行了研究.复合氧化物为无定形或不规则多晶物质,以不规则球形粒子聚集成团存在,平均粒径约为70 nm.其比表面积和总孔容适中,孔容呈现双峰分布特征.其储氧值和还原起点温度分别为2767 μmol/g和200℃,具有作为汽车尾气净化三元催化剂涂层料的潜在优异起燃和储氧特性.  相似文献   

4.
利用电化学工作站,探讨了不同基材上硫酸铑体系镀铑的开路电位和极化曲线,并讨论研究了不同基材上电沉积铑的电流效率.同时通过中性盐雾实验、镀层结合力测试,研究和比较了不同基材上铑镀层的性能.结果表明:不同的电镀基材在硫酸铑体系中对其阴极极化的影响不明显;以镍为基材镀铑时,具有开路电势低、电流效率低、白度高、结合力好等特点;以钯为基材时,具有开路电势高、耐蚀性强等特点;以银为基材时,具有电流效率高、结合力好等特点.  相似文献   

5.
研究了硅铁合金富集物样品溶解条件及铁、硅对铂、钯、铑测定的干扰情况。在聚四氟乙烯消化罐中,用盐酸-双氧水(15+3)将样品于150℃恒温密闭消解8 h以上,用ICP-AES测定铂、钯、铑含量。结果表明,在选定的溶解和测定条件下,铂、钯、铑测定相对标准偏差<2%,加标回收率为97%~102%。与碱熔-碲共沉淀-ICP-AES法进行对比,结果一致性好。可满足硅铁合金富集物中铂、钯、铑的测定要求。  相似文献   

6.
英美铂业宣布关闭转炉后,铂族金属供应预计进一步紧张。巴克莱银行研究报告称,英美铂业的转炉关停,将导致2020年铂产量减少350,000盎司,钯产量减少250,000盎司,钱产量减少34,000盎司。这将使得2020年铂短缺量增加至750,000盎司(总需求10%),钯短缺量增加至100万盎司(总需求11%),铑短缺量增加至107,000盎司(总需求11%)。  相似文献   

7.
以N2、O2作载气,采用催化增强化学气相沉积(CECVO)法,于250~300℃和减压/常压下制得沉积于聚酰亚胺(PI)上的Pt,Pd/Pt和Pt/Pd金属双层薄膜.当使用Pd(hfac)2和Pt(COD)Me2为前驱体,在同一反应器内共沉积时只有Pt被沉积(钯配合物起催化剂作用),金属铂、钯顺序沉积可形成双层膜.经XPS和SEM分析了所得沉积膜的表面结构与相组成.结果表明:所有沉积层与PI衬底的粘附性能良好;沉积速率为70~80nm/h,钯、铂粒径分别为100nm和100~150nm.  相似文献   

8.
采用碱熔-碲共沉淀分离富集,用电感-耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定精细化工废催化剂不溶渣中的铂、钯、铑含量。系统考察了碱熔解和碲共沉淀富集分离的条件,研究了碲富集物中的主要元素和比例,确定了ICP-AES法测定铂、钯、铑的条件。结果表明,碱熔-共沉淀能够充分分离富集样品中的铂、钯、铑;测定催化剂不溶渣中653~3652 g/t铂、447~3804 g/t钯、539~6433g/t铑时,相对标准偏差(RSD)、样品加标回收率分别为铂0.84%~1.78%、97.0%~99.4%,钯1.05%~1.82%、97.0%~100.6%,铑1.00%~2.12%、98.2%~100.4%。方法分析快速、易于掌握,已用于生产分析中。  相似文献   

9.
研究了一种新型简化的内氧化工艺,制备了不同氧源系数的Cu-Al2O3复合材料,对所制备复合材料的烧结态和经60%、70%、80%变形后的微观组织、硬度、导电率进行了分析.结果表明:该简化工艺成功制备了Cu-Al2O3复合材料,在铜基体上弥散分布着细小粒状Al2O3颗粒,其粒径约为5~20 nm,颗粒间距约为25~60 nm;复合材料变形后,其硬度明显提高,最大值达到144 HV,而导电率则随变形量的增大先升高后降低,但降幅很小;当氧源系数k为1.20 h,压制粉末烧结(950 ℃,4 h)后全部完成内氧化,且变形后综合性能最优,此时氧化剂含量为最佳的添加量.  相似文献   

10.
分别以柠檬酸(CA)、聚乙二醇(PEG)和淀粉(ST)为添加剂,采用共沉淀法制备CeO_2-ZrO_2-Al2O3(CZA)复合氧化物储氧材料,利用XRD、TG/DSC、SEM、N_2吸附-脱附、氧脉冲吸附和程序升温还原等检测方法对材料性能进行表征。XRD结果表明:ST添加剂的样品经1000℃煅烧后产物主要为CeO_2和γ-Al_2O_3,添加CA与PEG的样品为CeO_2-ZrO_2相,并夹带少量γ-Al_2_O3相;经1100℃煅烧后,3种添加剂样品都主要为CeO2-ZrO2晶相。SEM结果表明:CA、ST和PEG添加剂样品经1000℃高温处理后,分别为颗粒状、蜂窝状和多孔网状结构。N_2吸附-脱附结果表明:经600℃热处理后,ST添加剂样品具有最大的比表面积234.95 m~ 2/g和孔容1.589 cm~3/g;经1000℃热处理后,添加PEG样品获得最大的比表面积、孔容和孔径,其值分别为92.50 m~2/g、0.702 cm3/g和29.84 nm,且有最佳的孔分布和吸附-脱附能力。储氧性能OSC和H2-TPR结果表明:PEG添加剂制备的材料具有最好的储氧能力(OSC)和还原性能;1100℃高温下,ST添加剂样品的结构特性与PEG的接近;而CA添加剂样品的吸附能力、储氧性能都相对较低。  相似文献   

11.
准三维C/C复合材料的层间剪切性能及其断裂机理   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
以炭纤维针刺毡为预制体, 采用化学气相浸渗(CVI)法或结合液相法制备了热解炭、树脂炭和沥青炭基质的准三维C/C复合材料, 研究了这些材料的层间剪切性能及其断裂机理. 结果表明: CVI基质炭比沥青基质炭更有利于C/C复合材料的层间剪切性能的提高; 剪切强度随密度增高而增大, 致密度越高, 基体支撑越强, 同时微裂纹和孔隙度就越低, 断裂裂纹不易形成或扩展, 强度性能就越好; 纯沥青基质炭试样为"突发"的脆性断裂方式, 其他基质炭试样表现为韧性断裂方式.  相似文献   

12.
Conventional thermal spray processes as atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) have to use easily flowable powders with a size up to 100 μm. This leads to certain limitations in the achievable microstructural features. Suspension plasma spraying (SPS) is a new promising processing method which employs suspensions of sub-micrometer particles as feedstock. Therefore much finer grain and pore sizes as well as dense and also thin ceramic coatings can be achieved. Highly porous coatings with fine pore sizes are needed as electrodes in solid-oxide fuel cells. Cathodes made of LaSrMn perovskites have been produced by the SPS process. Their microstructural and electrochemical properties will be presented. Another interesting application is thermal barrier coating (TBC). SPS allows the manufacture of high-segmented TBCs with still relatively high porosity levels. In addition to these specific applications also the manufactures of new microstructures like nano-multilayers and columnar structures are presented.  相似文献   

13.
In the present study, bioactive coatings enriched with micro-pores and Ca-P-Sr elements were formed on pore walls of porous titanium by micro-arc oxidation (MAO). It is found that pore size plays a significant role on the MAO treatment of porous titanium. For samples with pore size smaller than 90 μm, whatever applied voltage and treatment time were employed, MAO coatings were formed only in the near surface region. As to the sample with average pore size of 150 μm, MAO coatings were formed on both outer and inner pore walls throughout the depth. Compared with the untreated one, the specific surface area dramatically increased about 460 times. Further studies found that pore size, thickness and amounts of O, Ca, P and Sr elements of the coating on the outer pore walls were obviously higher than those on the inner pore walls. Additionally, the coating on the outer pore walls was composed of anatase and rutile TiO2 and other complex Ca-P-Sr phases, in comparison with anatase TiO2 formed on the inner pore walls. In spite of the distinct features of coatings on the different locations of pore walls, MAO-treated porous titanium overall showed a good apatite-inducing ability.  相似文献   

14.
不同无机铵盐对陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮造孔的应用研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
分别研究了无机铵盐NH4F、NH4Cl、(NH4)2SO4和NH4HCO3的不同添加量对低温陶瓷结合剂CBN砂轮造孔的影响,采用气孔率、抗折强度以及试样SEM断口形貌对造孔效果进行了评价。结果表明:NH4Cl使砂轮开裂,不能作为低温陶瓷结合剂CBN造孔剂。NH4F造孔效果不明显,不适合造孔。(NH4)2SO4造孔剂的质量分数应控制在5%以内,质量分数达到5%时,砂轮孔隙率为36.14%,抗折强度为29.03MPa,气孔皆为小孔,气孔可调性差。NH。HCO,造孔剂质量分数应控制在15%以内,质量分数为5%时,砂轮孔隙率为34.19%,抗折强度为40.32MPa;质量分数增加到15%时,孔隙率达到42.5%,抗折强度为29.16MPa,且大孔径气孔比例随质量分数的提高而提高,气孔可调性好。  相似文献   

15.
Porous copper with elongated pores was fabricated by a radial solidification method. The process was carried out in a combined crystallizer under high pressure of a mixture of hydrogen and argon. Pore size, pore length, pore density and porosity of the porous copper were characterized. Furthermore, the oil retaining capacity including oil content and oil efficiency was also evaluated. It is found that porous copper solidified with water-circulated chiller through a thick graphite jacket possesses a gradient structure with increasing pore size, and thus pore density decreases. Also pore length and pore aspect ratio decrease from lateral inwardly, while its porosity is almost uniform. The results show that the porous copper with radial pores has a good oil retaining capacity.  相似文献   

16.
为解决多孔金属结合剂CBN砂轮在高孔隙率下的强度下降问题,采用球形尿素颗粒为造孔剂,制作孔径、孔形和孔隙可控的多孔金属结合剂砂轮磨料层胎体,研究不同载荷情况下的孔隙率和孔隙排布等孔隙结构因素,对多孔金属结合剂磨料层胎体力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:孔隙有序排布时的胎体弹性模量要小于孔隙无序排布的;胎体材料的屈服强度随孔隙率增大而下降;在相同孔隙率下,孔隙有序排布的胎体,在纵向受压、孔隙正向排布的情况下屈服强度更高。   相似文献   

17.
1. IntroductionOne of the undesirable features of the modern day world is the widespread coatami-nation associated with the release of a large number of chemicals into the environment.At presellt, people paid more and more attention to indoor air pollution than ever be-cause people almost spend their 8ty90% time in rooms everyday. FOrmaldehyde and otheraldehydes are main pollutans in indoor air. Formaldel1yde is a kind of poison. Highconceatrated formaldehyde can cause a 8eries of symptoms su…  相似文献   

18.
Electron-beam physical vapor deposited (EB-PVD) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) display a lower thermal conductivity compared with the deposited bulk material. This effect is achieved due to the presence of pores within these films. The spatial and geometrical characteristics of the porosity influence directly the magnitude of the achieved reduction of the thermal conductivity. In this work, three EB-PVD coating containing different microstructures were manufactured by varying the manufacturing process parameters during the deposition process. Their corresponding thermal conductivities were measured via the laser flash analysis method (LFA) in both the as-coated state and after ageing (1100 °C/100 h). Analysis of the pore formation during processing was carried out by ultrasmall-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS). This technique is supported with a computer based modeling developed by researchers at Advanced Photon Source (APS) in ANL, USA, and in National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), USA. The model enables the characterization of the size, shape, volume and orientation of each of the pore populations in EB-PVD TBCs. The effect of these spatial and geometrical characteristics of the porosity on the thermal conductivity of the EB-PVD coatings were studied via a non-interacting approximation based on Maxwell's model. Results of LFA measurements and the applied approximation indicate an interrelation between the microstructure and the thermal properties of the analyzed EB-PVD coatings. Microstructures containing a higher volume fraction of fine anisotropic intra-columnar pores, and larger voids between feather-arms oriented at lower angles toward the substrate plane correspond to lower thermal conductivity values. Inter-columnar gaps do no significantly contribute to lowering the thermal conductivity due to their orientation parallel to the heat flux and their lower volume fraction compared with the volume occupied by the primary columns. On heat treatment, the deepest section of the gaps between feather-arms break-up into arrays of nano-sized low aspect ratio voids. The anisotropic, elongated intra-columnar pores evolve toward low aspect ratio shapes that are less effective in reducing the thermal conductivity.  相似文献   

19.
以聚氨酯泡沫为前驱体,使用气雾化Ni-20Cr粉末为原料配制水基浆料,采用有机泡沫浸渍工艺制备了具有梯度孔结构的泡沫Ni-20Cr合金滤管。研究了不同烧结温度和装填方式对泡沫金属滤管烧结效果及力学性能的影响,并测试了烧结后泡沫滤管的力学性能和透气性能。结果表明:泡沫素坯经低温预烧+高温烧结的两步烧结工艺后可得到收缩均匀的泡沫合金滤管,孔筋结构均匀、无堵孔且复合界面结合良好。其室温压缩屈服强度大于3 MPa,且随着挂浆量的增加其屈服强度可达4.43 MPa;由于泡沫合金滤管高的孔隙率和大的孔径,且孔结构呈梯度变化,其在气体流量相同的情况下压差明显小于传统粉末冶金烧结多孔管。  相似文献   

20.
SiO2气凝胶及纤维复合SiO2气凝胶材料因轻质、高效、导热系数低等优点在保温隔热领域备受关注,应用前景广阔。其隔热性能、力学性能与微观结构、化学组成密切相关。本文对现阶段常见的微观结构、隔热性能、力学性能的表征方法做了介绍,常见的有密度、疏水角、晶态结构、微观形貌、比表面积及孔径分布、导热系数、化学组成、热稳定性、抗弯抗压等。综述了以上各种表征方法存在的优缺点及表征参数变化说明的问题。各种表征方法得到的表征参数之间存在紧密联系,需要从多角度理解和分析。  相似文献   

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