爆炸焊接制备超导射频腔用铌-316L不锈钢过渡接头（英文）

利用爆炸焊接方式进行了铌和316L不锈钢的连接。为了观察复合材料的性能,对爆炸焊接和热处理后的复合材料进行了结合面微观结构和力学性能研究。微观结构研究表明结合面没有脆性金属间化合物形成且复合材料热处理后没有发现结合面有元素扩散。还对复合材料进行了室温和低温环境下的拉伸测试、剪切测试和弯曲测试。拉伸测试结果表明液氮温度下复合材料的强度高于室温,同时还观察到在液氮环境下复合材料有分层现象出现。最后进行了Nb-316LSS过渡接头的设计、加工和真空检漏,结果表明真空漏率满足工程要求,从而验证了Nb-316LSS复合材料用于SRF超导腔体氦夹克的可行性。     

TU1无氧铜钎料制备铌和316L不锈钢接头的微观组织和力学性能（英文）

采用TU1无氧铜作为填充材料进行了反应堆级铌与316L不锈钢连接的真空钎焊,研究了样品和过渡接头在不同温度下的显微组织和力学性能。显微组织表明形成了脆的金属间化合物层并观察到结合面有扩散现象发生。虽然在结合面有脆性金属间化合物形成,但并不影响其在超导射频(SRF)腔中的使用。在室温(300 K)和液氮温度(77 K)下进行了拉伸测试和剪切测试。在液氮温度下,抗张强度高于其在室温下的抗张强度,由于脆性金属间化合物的存在导致其在液氮环境下抗剪切强度低于室温环境。由于我们严格控制焊缝厚度,使过渡接头的抗剪切强度高于样品的强度。最后我们对过渡接头进行真空漏率测试。结果显示,其真空漏率均低于1.1×10~(-9) Pa·L/s,这表明真空钎焊技术适用于低温下使用的高真空容器,例如用于SRF腔的不锈钢氦容器。     

TU1无氧铜钎料制备铌和316L不锈钢接头微观组织和力学性能研究

铌和不锈钢的连接可以降低超导射频(SRF)腔体的成本,因此引起超导加速器领域的极大兴趣。在本文中,我们报道了采用TU1无氧铜作为填充材料进行反应堆级铌与316L不锈钢连接的真空钎焊技术,研究了样品和过渡接头在不同温度下显微组织和力学性能。显微组织表明形成了脆的金属间化合物层并观察到结合面有扩散现象发生。虽然在结合面有脆性金属间化合物形成,但并不影响其在SRF腔中的使用。在室温(300 K)和液氮温度(77 K)下进行了拉伸测试和剪切测试。在液氮温度下,抗张强度高于其在室温下的抗张强度,而由于脆性金属间化合物的存在导致其液氦环境下剪切强度低于室温环境。由于我们严格控制焊缝厚度,使过渡接头的剪切强度高于样品的强度。最后我们对过渡接头进行真空漏率测试结果显示其真空漏率均好于1.1×10_^-11 mbar.L/s,这表明真空钎焊技术适用于低温下使用的高真空容器,例如用于SRF腔的不锈钢氦容器。     

C103铌合金喷管材料的焊接研究

本文报导了Nb-10Hf-1Ti合金(C_(103))焊接接头室温及高温拉伸机械性能。进行了焊后不同温度的真空退火和二次退火对焊接接头机械性能的影响的研究。对不同温度热处理的焊缝的拉伸断口进行了宏观和微观电镜断口观察分析。指出900℃真空退火对焊接接头机械性能有不利影响,1200℃高温退火或二次退火可得到具有稳定的良好机械性能的焊接接头。     

奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头的疲劳性能分析

采用单点法并在拉伸载荷的作用下,对304L和316L奥氏体不锈钢等离子弧焊接头的疲劳性能进行测试,得出应力比为0.1条件下的304L与316L奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头的疲劳极限分别为280 MPa和300 MPa;扫描电镜的观察显示奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头的疲劳裂纹扩展区均可见疲劳条带,以穿晶方式扩展,为典型的韧性断裂特征.     

316不锈钢电子束焊接热处理复合接头组织及力学性能北大核心CSCD

通过调节扫描轨迹、束流数量、束流能量比、束流间距等参数,进行了316不锈钢电子束焊接同步预热/缓冷复合工艺研究,获得了成形良好的焊接接头。利用光学显微镜、材料试验机、扫描电子显微镜等测试分析了电子束焊接热处理复合接头的显微组织、显微硬度、拉伸性能、拉伸断口。结果表明,与常规电子束焊接相比,电子束焊接热处理复合接头焊缝区的析出相细小均匀,焊缝区及热影响区显的微硬度分布均匀,焊接热处理复合接头抗拉强度提高了6%;接头的微观断口具有韧性断裂特征,断口为典型韧窝断口;电子束焊接热处理复合加工有助于提高焊缝质量和焊缝的力学性能。     

316不锈钢电子束焊接热处理复合接头组织及力学性能

通过调节扫描轨迹、束流数量、束流能量比、束流间距等参数,进行了316不锈钢电子束焊接同步预热/缓冷复合工艺研究,获得了成形良好的焊接接头。利用光学显微镜、材料试验机、扫描电子显微镜等测试分析了电子束焊接热处理复合接头的显微组织、显微硬度、拉伸性能、拉伸断口。结果表明,与常规电子束焊接相比,电子束焊接热处理复合接头焊缝区的析出相细小均匀,焊缝区及热影响区显的微硬度分布均匀,焊接热处理复合接头抗拉强度提高了6%;接头的微观断口具有韧性断裂特征,断口为典型韧窝断口;电子束焊接热处理复合加工有助于提高焊缝质量和焊缝的力学性能。     

热处理对复合板焊接接头中316L不锈钢焊缝组织及耐蚀性的影响

对Q345碳钢/316不锈钢复合板进行焊接,并对焊接接头进行了不同工艺的热处理;通过组织观察、晶间腐蚀试验和应力腐蚀试验研究了热处理工艺对316L不锈钢焊缝组织和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明:316L不锈钢焊缝组织均为奥氏体+条状铁素体;随热处理次数增加,奥氏体晶界变宽,二次热处理后在316L不锈钢焊缝奥氏体晶界处有明显Cr23C6析出,并形成了贫铬区,容易发生晶间腐蚀和应力腐蚀,降低了316L不锈钢焊接接头的耐蚀性。     

316L不锈钢扩散焊接头的微观结构和力学性能

针对不同焊接参数的含镍中间层316L不锈钢扩散焊接头,进行室温和550℃高温拉伸实验,采用SEM、XRD和金相显微镜分析接头区域的微观结构和相分布。结果表明:接头的室温力学性能随焊接温度的提高而降低,而高温力学性能随温度的提高而提高。XRD分析表明,焊接过程中产生的Fe0.64Ni0.36导致接头区域的相组成不均一;在高温拉伸实验时,DB2和DB3接头中的Fe0.64Ni0.36发生相变,强度和塑性更好的FeNi3是接头高温强度提高的原因。     

不锈钢光纤激光熔透焊接头微观结构对疲劳性能的影响分析

利用光纤激光器对不锈钢实施熔透焊试验,分析不锈钢光纤激光熔透焊接头微观结构对疲劳性能的影响。通过微观结构分析方法分析不锈钢光纤激光熔透焊接头微观结构对疲劳性能、硬度、拉伸强度的影响规律。试验结果表明：母材的疲劳寿命比焊接接头的高;在室温腐蚀试验下,循环次数越大焊接接头最大应力荷载下降越明显,腐蚀时间越长,对疲劳性能影响越大;室温疲劳试验中,同等循环次数下,光纤激光熔透焊接头疲劳强度随厚度增大而提高;在瞬断区显微组织对疲劳裂纹扩展断口形貌没有太大影响,母材比焊接接头在疲劳裂纹扩展时更容易出现疲劳条带;焊缝数量可提高焊接接头疲劳性能,在焊缝数量一样时,增加2倍焊缝长度,能够提高疲劳极限,但提升幅度不大;焊缝硬度高于母材的;焊接试样的拉伸测试指标均低于母材的拉伸测试指标。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis