Ga、K双掺杂P型Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_3材料的制备及热电性能

采用真空熔炼和热压方法制备了Ga和K双掺杂Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3热电材料。XRD结果表明,Ga0.02Bi0.5Sb1.48-x Kx Te3块体材料的XRD图谱与Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3的XRD图谱对应一致,但双掺杂样品的衍射峰略微向左偏移。热压块体材料中存在明显的(00l)晶面择优取向。SEM形貌表明材料组织致密且有层状结构特征。Ga和K双掺杂可使Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3在室温附近的Seebeck系数有一定的提高,而双掺杂样品的电导率均得到了不同程度的提高,其中Ga0.02Bi0.5Sb1.42K0.06Te3样品的电导率得到较明显的改善。在300~500 K测量温度范围内,所有双掺杂样品的热导率高于Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3的热导率,在300 K附近双掺杂样品的ZT值得到提高,其中Ga0.02Bi0.5Sb1.42K0.06Te3样品在300 K时ZT值达到1.5。     

SPS法制备的赝二元合金（Ga2Te3）x-（Bi0．5Sb1．5Te3）1-x（x=0～0．2）电学性能

采用放电等离子烧结（SPS）方法制备了赝二元合金（Ga2Te3）（Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3）1-x（x=0—0．2），并研究其电学性能。结果表明，在318K时（Ga2Te3）x-（Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3）1-x（x=0．1）合金的电导率为3．7×10^4Ω^-1·m^-1，是三元合金Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3的2倍，而Seebeck系数没有明显下降。从所测得的a和σ值可知，赝二元（Ga2Te3）x-（Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3）1-x（x=0．1）合金的功率因子最大，为2．1×10^-3（W·K^-2·m^-1），是三元Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3合金的1．5倍。     

SPS法制备p-型四元Al-Bi-Sb-Te合金的微结构与热电性能

采用SPS法制备了p-型四元Al-Bi-Sb-Te合金,研究其微结构和热电性能.结果表明:Al含量直接影响材料的电、热学输运性能.当材料中Al替代Sb元素后,四元合金AlxBi0.5Sb15-xTe3(x=0.05～0.2)的电导率明显增大;在室温附近,x=0.1的合金其电导率可达3.3×104Ω-1·m-1,大约是三元Bi0.5Sb1.5 Te3合金的2倍;四元合金系的最小Seebeck系数α为115μV/K,说明材料属p-型半导体;当温度为411 K时,合金AlxBi0.5-Sb1.5-xTe3(x=0.1)的ZT值出现最大值,其值为0.58,是同温度下典型三元Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3合金的1.6倍.     

Bi_2Te_3和Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_3的机械合金化法制备及其热电性能

用机械合金法制备了Bi2 Te3和Bi0 .5Sb1 .5Te3两种热电材料。XRD分析表明两种材料分别在球磨 1 75h和 31 5h后完全合金化。机械合金化合金粉末冷压后在不同温度烧结并测量了热电性能 ,其中Bi0 .5Sb1 .5Te3材料480℃烧结样的最高Seebeck系数约为 2 0 0 μV/K。     

含有弥散离子液体的Bi_(0.5)Sb_(0.5)Te_3烧结体

正日本大阪大学工科研究科勝山茂等人在573K用热压法合成Bi0.5Sb0.5Te3-BMImTFSI烧结体,并对其微结构和热电性进行研究,用扫描电镜观测烧结体断面。热电性能测定结果表明,随BMImTFSI含量增多,塞贝克系数缓慢降低,电阻率增高,而含0.1mL BMImTFSI的烧结体,比单纯Bi0.5Sb0.5Te3的电阻率高2     

SnxBi0.5-xSb1.5Te3热电材料的组织与性能研究

通过真空熔炼、球磨制粉、冷压成形和常压烧结制备具有高热电优值的p型SnxBi0.5-xSb1.5Te3热电材料。研究了Sn含量对SnxBi0.5-xSb1.5Te3热电材料晶体结构、微观形貌和热电性能的影响。结果表明：SnxBi0.5-xSb1.5Te3热电材料晶体结构为R-3m空间群斜方晶系的六面体层状结构；添加合金元素Sn，Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3基热电材料产生大量的纳米结构缺陷。合金元素Sn含量增加， SnxBi0.5-xSb1.5Te3热电材料载流子浓度和DOS有效质量增加，有效地提高电导率和功率因子；同时声子散射增强，显著地降低晶格热导率。在300K时，Sn0.015Bi0.485Sb1.5Te3的功率因子达3.10 mW?m-1?K-2，晶格热导率为0.358 W?m-1?K-1，ZT值为1.25。并且在300～400 K温度范围内，Sn0.015Bi0.485Sb1.5Te3的ZT值为1.25～1.33。     

溶剂热合成Bi2Te3基合金的结构与电学性能

用溶剂热法合成了二元Bi2Te3和三元Bi1.3Sn0.7Te3合金纳米粉末,并采用热压技术制备了块状热电材料.XRD分析结果表明:Bi-Sn-Te三元固溶体合金可以直接通过溶剂热合成获得单相产物,而非掺杂Bi2Te3合金需要通过热压等后热处理来实现产物的单一化;热压过程有助于促进反应的完全和晶型的完整,但会导致晶粒的长大.对试样电导率σ和Seebeck系数α的测量结果显示,Bi-Sn-Te三元固溶体合金比二元Bi-Te合金具有更好的电学性能.     

纳米SiC分散的Bi2Te3热电材料的制备与性能研究

用机械合金化工艺（MA）和放电等离子烧结工艺（SPS），制备出纳米SiC（平均直径约30nm）弥散分布的Bi2Te3热电材料，并研究了纳米SiC颗粒弥散对Bi2Te3性能的影响。实验采用MA合成纳米SiC分散Bi2Te3粉末，用SPS制备块体材料。XRD分析表明用MA和SPS成功制备了Bi2Te3合金，随着纳米SiC含量的增加，材料的颗粒尺寸减小，表明纳米SiC有抑制颗粒长大的作用。电学性能测试发现少量（体积分数≤1．0％）纳米SiC的加入对Bi2Te3电学性能有很大影响：虽然随着SiC含量的增加电导率有所降低，但Seebeck系数得到了提高。当加入0．1％SiC时，Seebeck系数和功率因子达到最大值，均高于纯Bi2Te3试样，随着SiC含量进一步增加，Seebeck系数和功率因子降低。显微硬度随着纳米SiC含量的增加也得到提高。综合实验结果表明极少量纳米SiC颗粒的加入可以提高Bi2Te3的电学性能和力学性能。     

退火对高压烧结Gd掺杂Bi_2Te_(2.7)Se_(0.3)纳米晶热电性能的影响

以Bi粉、Te粉、Se粉、Sb I3粉、Gd粉为原料,用高压烧结法制备了Gd掺杂的n型Bi2Te2.7Se0.3热电材料,对制备的样品分别在573、603、633 K真空退火36 h。用粉末XRD和FE-SEM研究了样品的物相及显微形貌;在298~473K范围内测定了样品的热电性能。建立了Bi2Te3基材料的禁带宽度与压力和体积的近似关系式,利用此关系式较好解释了高压烧结样品在退火前后热电性能的变化特性。研究结果表明制备的样品在退火前后均为纳米结构。高压烧结和Gd掺杂使样品晶胞尺寸变大,禁带宽度减小。退火使高压烧结样品的电导率提高,塞贝克系数增大,热导率降低。样品于633 K退火36 h后具有较好的热电性能,在423 K时其ZT达到最大值为0.74。     

退火处理对室温制备Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3薄膜热电性质的影响

利用射频磁控溅镀法在SiO2/Si基板上制备了Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3薄膜样品,并且测量了薄膜样品在不同退火时间与退火温度下的热电性质。结果表明,薄膜样品经30 h退火后的热电性质与1 h退火后的热电性质相差不大,这说明长时间退火并不是Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3薄膜的最佳退火时间。而在不同退火温度下,样品的塞贝克系数在275～300℃退火下降比较快,当退火温度为300℃时降至最小,约为181μV/K;而其电阻率则随退火温度的升高呈现出先减小后增大的趋势,退火温度为225℃时具有最小的电阻率,约为6.1 mΩ.cm。最后本文得出经225℃退火10 min后可得到最佳的热电性质,即薄膜样品的塞贝克系数为208μV/K,电阻率为6.1mΩ.cm,功率因子则为6.9×10-4W/(m.K2)。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.