不同实验装置测定粉尘湿润剂的湿润效果相关性

采用滴液法、正向渗透法和反渗湿润法分别研究了3种阴离子型湿润剂对10种硫化矿粉尘的湿润效果,比较了不同实验装置研究湿润剂湿润粉尘的相关性.结果表明:温度约20℃时,使用上述3种实验方法对相同的试剂和粉尘做湿润实验没有相关性,许多情况下还出现完全相反的结果;而对于相同的实验装置,3种湿润剂都具有较好的相关性.由此可以看出,实验室研究湿润剂所采用的方法在原理上要与应用现场的特征相适应,否则就将适得其反.     

造型线粉尘回收工艺探讨

含泥量对型砂性能及其稳定性的影响十分重要,型砂中的含泥量是包括有效陶土、有效煤粉、添加剂及型砂中微粒灰分在内的总和。本文通过对造型粉尘的研究,发现回收旧砂中含泥量低至一定分量时,可通过粉尘回用稳定型砂含泥量。旧砂处理及混砂除尘过程中抽出的有效膨润土和煤粉,能够回收利用,可以降低成本,同时还有利于保护环境。     

造型线粉尘回收工艺探讨

含泥量对型砂性能及其稳定性的影响十分重要,型砂中的含泥量是包括有效陶土、有效煤粉、添加剂及型砂中微粒灰分在内的总和。作者通过对造型粉尘的研究,发现回收旧砂中含泥量低至一定质量分数时,可通过粉尘回用稳定型砂含泥量。旧砂处理及混砂除尘过程中抽出的有效膨润土和煤粉,能够回收利用,可以降低成本,同时有利于环境保护。     

粉尘粒径对颗粒床性能的影响

对颗粒床除尘前后的粉尘粒径大小和其在床层内部的分布情况进行了探讨。结果表明，颗粒床除尘器对粒径〉10μm以上的粉尘的捕尘效率较好。     

产生粉尘爆炸的条件及其预防措施

本文指出在化工、石油、纺织、食品、镁粉、铝粉等生产中，产生粉尘爆炸的３个基本条件。为了有效地防止爆炸的产生，笔者提出了２４条预防措施。     

光电透射式粉尘浓度计的原理及应用

实现除尘系统的粉尘排放浓度在线连续监测，是粉尘污染治理工程中必不可少的重要环节。本文着重介绍了实现这一目的的光电透射式粉尘浓度计的工作原理及其应用情况。     

镁粉尘爆炸的原因及其防止

阐述了粉尘爆炸的原因及机理。由于空气中氧的存在 ,粉尘具有爆炸的反应性 ,处于引起爆炸的浓度 ,与火源相接触等条件而发生爆炸 ,并介绍了如何防止 ,采取什么措施。     

一种制备钛合金的方法及其微观测量

采用快速凝固／机械球磨法制备钛合金粉末;并采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和激光粒度分析仪对其进行微观测量。     

Wetting agent investigation for controlling dust of lead-zinc ores

The purpose of this project is to control the pollution of dust,which occurred in a typical lead-zinc mine.Two kinds of surfactants and water glass were chosen as the wetting agents to study the behaviours of suppressing the dust.The performances of the wetting agents of various sizes and water content of dust and their compositions among different weting agents were investigated. Firstly,the chemical compounds,dispersity,water content,bulk density and other relevant physico-chemical properties of the choiced dust of lead-zinc ore were mensurated.A great number of down-ward penetrating tests were conducted to different partical sizes of dust and to analyze the dust wetting behaviour respectively.The optimal compositions of wetting agents were obtained in accordance with different water contents and partical sizes of the dust after analyzing and statisting the achieved experimental data. The data show that the efficiency of chemical dust suppression of weting agents is much better than that of water.The results of the research work prove that the partical size and the water content of the dust are very important factors to the dust suppression.The results are also proved validly by the dropping experiment,which takes the penetrating diameter and penetrating time as the major factors.The superfine dust is much more difficult to be wetted.Since increasing the water content of dust is the best approach to control it,the choice of wetting agents for improving dispensation is significant.     

新型板形测控方法及应用

分析了现代板带轧制过程的板形测量和控制技术,发现轧机板形刚度系数和引用轧件板形刚度系数,可得到新型板形测控模型。新型板形差分方程可应用于板形最佳设定控制,热凸度和磨损凸度模型参数自适应、自适应控制和最优控制。     

零件圆度误差测量的简易新方法

提出了一种在简易支架上测量零件并经微机运算处理而获得圆度误差的新方法,推导了测量原理与算法,编制了应用程序,经过试验对比,显示了一定的应用前景。     

油污光测法及其影响因素

本文介绍了光测法检测油液污染度的原理及其特点,分析讨论了光波长,样品池,油液粘度,油液颜色,水分,气泡对光测法的影响,并提出了相应的解决措施。     

螺纹千分尺校对用量杆工作尺寸测量方法初探

通过对比分析,介绍一种应用广泛、检定准确、适用快捷的螺纹千分尺校对用量杆工作尺寸测量方法。     

铁铬碳合金碳化物高温时效中粗化行为研究

通过对Fe-12.4Cr-0.13C(质量分数,％)合金在780℃分别进行10 h,100 h,200 h的时效处理,研究了合金中析出相在高温时效过程中的粗化行为.采用化学萃取、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HREM)分析测定了不同时效条件下析出相的形貌与类型,并且在此基础上采用纳米粒度及电位分析仪确定其尺寸分布;同时,采用热力学与动力学计算模拟铁铬碳合金碳化物的粗化规律.结果表明,采用激光粒度仪研究碳化物平均粒度及其分布是可行的,且采用TC-DICTRA软件中的移动界面模型可较为准确地计算该碳化物的尺寸变化规律.     

Study on non-electric welding and its application in emergency maintenance

Non-electric welding is a novel effwient technique for emergency maintenance,which utilizes the heat released by self-propagating combustion to join metals without needing any power supply or gas sources.Non-electric welding material,named non-electric welding pen,was prepared by utilizing highly-exothermic thermit (CuO + Al) with other additive powders.The effects of reactant particle size and mixing uniformity on the combustion characteristic of the welding pen were investigated.The results show that the particle size of reactant powder has a significant effect on combustion velocity.With increasing the particle size of reactant powder,the combustion velocity decreases obviously.Moreover,mixing uniformity and particle size are shown to be main factors influencing heat produced in single time,and accordingly affect the combustion temperature.Welding experiments were performed with 45 steel as the base material,and results show that the joint is of a metallurgic bonding with the tensile strength above 280 MPa,which proves non-electric welding a fusion welding technique.     

基于环形结构光的三维拼缝法矢测量方法分析

三维拼缝焊接中,仅仅依靠示教再现以及预装夹的方法已很难满足焊接精度和质量要求.为了保证焊接质量,提高激光拼焊装备的适应性,需要在焊接过程中调整焊炬姿态,要求焊炬要垂直于焊缝表面,即与焊接点法矢方向一致.为了精确测量三维拼缝法矢,文中设计了三维拼缝法矢测量装置,提出了基于环形结构光采用曲面拟合计算三维拼缝法矢的方法,进行了仿真试验,并和基于条形结构光采用平面拟合的方法对比.结果表明,文中提出的方法具有较高的测量精度,有助于实现焊接过程中焊炬位姿的准确调节.     

超声波的传播特性及其对钎料润湿行为的影响

通过ANSYS有限元数值模拟和试验相结合,研究了超声波在固态试件及钎料液滴中的传播特性.结果表明,试件表面的声振动分布不均匀,沿传播方向振幅先增大后减小,再增大,各个峰值位置的间隔约为10 mm.当加载振幅增大时,试件表面上同一位置的振幅也随之变大,且大于所加载的超声波的振幅,但位移场的分布规律不变,表面质点保持着与超声频率相近的振动.钎料液滴内部的声压值随着试件表面振动的增大而增大,当加载振幅超过7.5μm后,钎料液滴内部的声负压值均可达到数万帕.试验观察结果较好地验证了有限元模拟的结果.