合成温度对LiFePO_4/C复合材料电化学性能的影响

以FePO4为铁源、Li2CO3为锂源、聚丙烯为还原剂和碳源,采用一步固相法合成原位碳包覆磷酸亚铁锂(LiFePO4/C)复合材料,研究合成温度对材料LiFePO4/C复合材料电化学性能的影响。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和拉曼光谱技术对合成产物的晶体结构、表面形貌和碳结构进行表征,通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和充放电测试对材料的电化学性能进行测试和分析。结果表明:在600～750℃温度范围内都可合成纯LiFePO4/C复合材料,随着合成温度的升高,材料颗粒尺寸和石墨化程度都将增大;600℃保温8h合成的材料颗粒尺寸为100～500nm,其1C放电比容量达到144.2mA·h/g,5C放电比容量达到119mA·h/g。     

树枝状碳芯结构LiFePO_4/C复合材料的制备及电化学性能

采用环氧树脂为碳源制备树枝状碳芯结构LiFePO4/C复合材料。利用X射线衍射、透射电镜和X射线光电子能谱对复合材料进行分析,采用恒电流充放电和电化学阻抗方法研究试样的倍率性能、循环性能和电化学阻抗。结果表明:树枝状LiFePO4/C复合材料的树干是碳芯结构,由无定形碳芯和包覆在碳芯上的纳米LiFePO4颗粒组成;树枝状碳芯结构LiFePO4/C复合材料在15 mA/g的电流密度下,首次放电容量达到167.4 mA.h/g;当电流密度增大到900 mA/g时,放电容量高达120.8 mA.h/g,经过50次循环后,容量保持率高达99.5%。     

均匀沉淀法制备LiFePO4/C及其电化学性能

以FeSO4·7H2O、H3PO4、H2O2和尿素为原料,采用均匀沉淀法制备LiFePO4的前驱体FePO4·xH2O,研究表面活性剂PEG对前驱体FePO4·xH2O形貌的影响。并将获得的FePO4·xH2O与Li2CO3及葡萄糖混合后合成LiFePO4/C。利用XRD、SEM、循环伏安测试、电化学性能测试、交流阻抗测试等手段对LiFePO4/C进行表征。结果表明:当不添加表面活性剂PEG时,FePO4·xH2O颗粒呈球形,但团聚现象严重;添加PEG后,颗粒较分散,形貌为多面体,合成的LiFePO4/C在0.1C时的首次放电比容量为151.0 mA·h/g,倍率性能好,振实密度达1.44 g/cm3。     

固相法合成原位碳包覆LiFePO4复合正极材料及其性能

以LiH2PO4和FeC2O4.2H2O为原料,聚乙烯醇为碳源,通过机械化学活化辅助固相法合成原位碳包覆的LiFePO4材料;考察合成温度对LiFePO4/C材料晶体结构、物理和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:700℃下处理的产物结晶良好、分布均匀、颗粒细小;在最佳的热处理条件下,热解碳在LiFePO4颗粒表面形成了良好的纳米导电层,LiFePO4/C材料在0.1C、0.5C、1C和2C倍率下放电比容量分别为155.7、150.1、140.1和130 mA.h/g,且材料在0.1～2C范围内充放电都有很平稳的平台,极化小,并具有较高的高倍率(2C)放电比容量和较好的循环性能。     

氧化-沉淀法合成高振实密度球形LiFePO4/C正极材料

采用氧化-沉淀法,以FeSO4.7H2O、H3PO4和H2O2为原料通过合成球形前驱体FePO4.2H2O来制备高密度球形LiFePO4/C复合材料。结果表明:当溶质浓度为0.1 mol/L,搅拌速度为500 r/min,陈化时间为36 h时,可合成振实密度高、球形度好的球状前驱体FePO4.2H2O;采用超声波浸渍液法将制备的FePO4与LiOH.H2O、蔗糖混合,通过碳热还原法合成球形LiFePO4/C。该球形LiFePO4/C正极材料的振实密度为1.68 g/cm3,在0.05 C、0.1 C和0.5 C倍率下的首次放电比容量分别为138.9、128.7和113.2 mA.h/g,经20次循环后,容量的保持率分别为99%,98.7%和98.6%。     

沉淀-碳热还原联合法制备橄榄石磷酸铁锂

以FeSO4.7H2O,NH4H2PO4和H2O2为初始原料,通过液相沉淀制得前驱体FePO4,然后通过碳热还原得到LiFePO4/C。X射线衍射和扫描电镜分析表明:560,600,700和800℃合成的样品均为LiFePO4/C,LiFePO4颗粒粒径随合成温度的升高而逐渐增大,560℃合成材料的颗粒粒径分布在0.3~0.4μm之间;而800℃合成材料的颗粒粒径则达到0.6~0.7μm,反应剩余的碳黑直接分布在LiFePO4颗粒之间,有利于提高其电子导电率。560℃样品在放电倍率为0.1C时的首次放电比容量为151 mA.h/g(0.1C),而当放电倍率达到1C时,放电比容量为129 mA.h/g,且具有良好的循环性能。     

Zn_2SnO_4和Zn_2Sn_(0.8)Ti_(0.2)O_4/C的制备和电化学性能(英文)

以SnCl4.5H2O、TiCl4、ZnCl2和N2H4.H2O为原料,采用水热法制备Zn2Sn0.8Ti0.2O4纳米粉体。在此基础上,以葡萄糖和水热合成的Zn2Sn0.8Ti0.2O4为原料,以碳热还原法制备Zn2Sn0.8Ti0.2O4/C复合材料。利用XRD、XPS、TEM、恒电流充放电等方法分别研究Zn2SnO4和Zn2Sn0.8Ti0.2O4/C复合材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能。同时用非原位XRD、XPS和SEM分析Zn2Sn0.8Ti0.2O4/C复合材料电极在充放电过程中的结构和形貌变化。合成的纯Zn2SnO4的首次放电容量为1670.8mA.h/g,循环40次后放电容量迅速衰减为342.7mA.h/g。而Zn2Sn0.8Ti0.2O4/C复合材料的首次放电容量为1530.0mA.h/g,循环100次后容量还保持为479.1mA.h/g,与纯Zn2SnO4、Zn2Sn0.8Ti0.2O4和Zn2SnO4/C相比,电化学性能有较大的提高。     

改进的碳热还原法合成LiFePO_4/C材料

采用LiAc·2H2O作为锂源,利用熔盐碳热还原方法在较低的烧结温度和较短的烧结时间内(650℃,4h)合成纯相LiFePO4/C材料。扫描电镜照片显示这种方法合成的材料粒径大约为1μm,小于用Li2CO3作为锂源合成的材料。电化学测试表明,采用LiAc·2H2O作为锂源合成的材料表现出了高的放电容量和良好的倍率循环性能:在0.5C和5C倍率下,其首次放电容量分别为148mA.h/g和115mA.h/g;50次循环后,容量保持率分别为93%和89%。     

固相法合成LiFePO4/C正极材料的电化学性能

以廉价原材料FeSO4·7H2O为铁源,以蔗糖为碳源,采用固相法合成了锂离子电池正极材料--LiFePO4/C复合材料.用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和电化学测试技术对不同铁源合成的LiFePO4/C复合材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行研究.结果表明:合成的样品具有均一的橄榄石型结构,以FeSO4·7H2O为铁源合成的LiFePO4/C复合材料的循环性能和高倍率放电性能均优于以FeC2O4·2H2O为铁源合成的LiFePO4/C复合材料的;由FeSO4·7H2O合成的LiFePO4/C复合材料的5C倍率放电比容量为105.9 mA-h/g,经循环30次后,容量仍高达105.2 mA-h/g.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备LiFePO_4/C复合材料及其性能

为了提高LiFePO4的电化学性能,以柠檬酸为络合剂和碳源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备LiFePO4/C复合正极材料。采用FTIR和XRD等对前驱体及产物进行表征,并测试样品的电化学性能。结果表明:经700℃烧结10h所得产物具有单一的橄榄石型晶体结构,碳含量为10.81%(质量分数)。样品在0.1C下首次放电比容量为127.1mA·h/g,在0.2C、0.5C、1C下首次放电比容量分别为106.1、83.3、70.6mA·h/g。该样品在0.1C下经过20次循环后,容量还保持为126.3mA·h/g,衰减仅为0.035%。循环伏安和交流阻抗测试表明该材料具有较好的电化学性能。     

Synthesis and electrochemical performances of spherical LiFePO4 cathode materials for Li-ion batteries

Spherical LiFePO4 and LiFePO4/C composite powders for lithium ion batteries were synthesized by a novel processing route of co-precipitation and subsequent calcinations in a nitrogen and hydrogen atmosphere. The precursors of LiFePO4, LiFePO4/C composite and the resultant products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the electrochemical performances were investigated by galvanostatic charge and discharge tests. The precursors composed of amorphous Fe3(PO4)2·xH2O and crystalline Li3PO4 obtained in the co-precipitation processing have a sphere-like morphology. The spherical LiFePO4 derived from the calcinations of the precursor at 700 ℃ for 10 h in a reduction atmosphere shows a discharge capacity of 119 mAh·g -1 at the C/10 rate, while the LiFePO4/C composite with 10wt.% carbon addition exhibits a discharge capacity of 140 mAh·g -1.The electrochemical performances indicate that the LiFePO4/C composite has a higher specific capacity and a more stable cycling performance than the bare olivine LiFePO4 due to the carbon addition enhancing the electronic conductivity.     

Electrochemical performance of Ti4+-doped LiFePO4 synthesized by co-precipitation and post-sintering method

Ti4+-mixed FePO4·xH2O precursor was prepared by co-precipitation method,with which Ti4+ cations were added in the process of preparing FePO4·xH2O to pursue an effective and homogenous doping way.Ti4+-doped LiFePO4 was prepared by an ambient-reduction and post-sintering method using the as-prepared precursor,Li2CO3 and oxalic acid as raw materials.The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),X-ray diffractometry (XRD),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS),and electrochemical charge/discharge test.Effects of Ti4+-doping and sintering temperature on the physical and electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 powders were investigated.It is noted that Ti4+-doping can improve the electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 remarkably.The Ti4+-doped sample sintered at 600 ℃ delivers an initial discharge capacity of 150,130 and 125 mA·h/g with 0.1C,1C and 2C rates,respectively,without fading after 40 cycles.     

反应物中锂元素的量对LiFePO4/C电化学性能的影响

以Fe2O3和LiH2PO4为原料,葡萄糖为碳源,采用碳热还原法合成了LiFePO4/C正极材料,考察了反应物中锂元素的量对正极材料LiFePO4/C电化学性能的影响。用X射线衍射、扫描电镜(SEM)和恒电流充放电测试和循环伏安法对正极材料的结构、形貌以及电化学性能进行了研究。结果表明:当反应物中额外添加锂元素的量是理论量的10%时,制得的正极材料的电化学性能最佳,在0.2和1C(1C=170mA/g)的充放电倍率下,首次放电比容量分别为156.3和137.5mAh/g,经过20次充放电循环后,容量基本保持不变。     

复合金属掺杂的LiFePO4/C复合材料的制备与电化学性能研究

以超声波辅助沉淀法合成的纳米级球形FePO4·2H2O为原料,采用碳热还原法制备了复合金属掺杂的LiFePO4/C复合材料。通过X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM),恒电流充放电测试,循环伏安和交流阻抗测试表征了FePO4·2H2O和LiFePO4/C的物相、结构和电化学性能。结果表明,溶液浓度为0.1 mol/L时制备的FePO4·2H2O为分布均匀的纳米级球形颗粒。复合金属掺杂显著提高了LiFePO4的放电比容量,Ni和Nb复合掺杂的LiFePO4/C复合材料表现出了最佳的电化学性能,0.1 C倍率条件下首次放电容量158.8 mAh/g,1 C倍率下首次放电容量150.2 mAh/g,100次循环后容量保持率分别为98.30%和97.8%。Ni和Nb复合掺杂后提高了LiFePO4的锂离子扩散速率和电导率。     

Mg-Co复合掺杂对LiFePO4电化学性能的影响（英文）

通过固相反应制备了Mg2+和Co4+复合掺杂的LiFePO4电极材料。采用X射线衍射、恒电流充放电和循环伏安研究复合掺杂对 LiFePO4结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:复合掺杂能够提高 LiFePO4的首次放电比容量,0.1C和1C的放电容量分别达到147.2mA·h/g 和133.3mA·h/g。循环伏安测试结果表明:复合掺杂改善了LiFePO4的导电性能,增强了Li+的脱嵌可逆性。     

Structure and electrochemical performance of spinel LiMn2O4 synthesized by mechanochemical process

1　INTRODUCTIONLithium ion battery was used in many areasbecause of its high voltage, high energy densityand long cycle life and so on. Spinel lithium man ganese oxide was one of the most promising mate rials in term of its environmental benign, low cost,easy preparation and temperature safety. Mainproblem is the poor cycle life. As we all know thatboth the structure and electrochemical performanceof material strongly depended on the preparingmethod and starting…     

Electrochemical performance of C-La~(3+) codoped LiFePO_4 synthesized by microwave heating

La3+ was selected to elevate the lattice electronic conductivity of LiFePO4,and LiFePO4/(C+La3+) cathode powders were synthesized by microwave heating using a domestic microwave oven for 35 min. The microstructures and morphologies of the synthesized materials were investigated by XRD and SEM. The electrochemical performances were evaluated by galvanostatic charge-discharge. The electrochemical performance of LiFePO4 with different La3+ contents was studied. Results indicated that the initial specific disch...