AZ91HP镁合金疲劳裂纹扩展行为与断裂机理

试验分析了AZ91HP镁合金在压铸态(F)、固溶状态(T4)和固溶-时效状态(T6)的裂纹扩展行为,并探讨了压铸态镁合金疲劳断口组织特征与裂纹扩展机制。结果表明:压铸态AZ91HP-F疲劳裂纹扩展行为与ΔK值的大小有关,ΔK值越小,断口越平滑,ΔK值越大,断口越粗糙;裂纹扩展过程存在塑性诱发裂纹闭合效应,这一效应使得裂纹扩展的Kop值增加,ΔKeff值减小,并使疲劳裂纹扩展速率与合金塑性有关,由于AZ91HP的塑性依T6、F、T4状态依次增加,导致裂纹扩展速率依次降低。     

相变塑性钢的低周疲劳性能和裂纹扩展速率

通过对新型低碳低硅相变塑性钢(TRIP钢)的低周疲劳和裂纹扩展试验,得到试验TRIP钢循环应变硬化系数n’为0.1891,循环强度系数K’为1551MPa;疲劳强度指数b为-0.1123,疲劳强度系数fσ’为1266MPa;疲劳延性指数c为-0.5918,疲劳延性系数fε’为0.3374。裂纹扩展门槛值ΔKth为229MPa(mm)1/2,具有良好的疲劳性能。用试验得到的疲劳特性参数进行了相关零件的结构和疲劳仿真分析,指导汽车零件的设计。预测认为轻量化结构设计是合理的,轻量化后零件的疲劳台架试验结果也验证了预测的正确。     

高强度钢腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的温度效应和过载迟滞效应

通过在18,35和55℃蒸馏水中疲劳裂纹扩展试验,证明了超高强度钢30CrMnSiNi2A腐蚀疲劳具有强烈的温度效应,得到了ΔK值和温度对裂纹扩展速率影响的复合表达式。由于扩展速率数据拟合得到的表观激活能值(36.7kJ/mol)十分接近于氢在γ-Fe中的扩散激活能值,支持了氢助裂纹扩展的观点。对大气中疲劳裂纹扩展具有重要价值的过载迟滞效应,在腐蚀疲劳时显著地减小,在0.1Hz的低频率下尤其明显。     

基于两步七点拟合ADB610钢焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展

在应力比为0.1、恒幅加载载荷下,对低碳贝氏体ADB610钢手工电弧焊焊接接头母材区、热影响区和焊缝区采用CT(紧凑拉伸)试样进行疲劳裂纹扩展试验研究。采用两步七点递增多项式拟合方法计算疲劳裂纹扩展速率(da/dN),并计算应力强度因子范围(ΔK),分别将母材区、热影响区和焊缝区每个试样的(da/dN)和(ΔK)数据进行了回归拟合,得到了以Paris公式表达的ADB610钢母材区、热影响区、焊缝区(da/dN)与(ΔK)的关系式。并将这三区域中多个试样Paris公式中的参数取均值,得到三区域均值裂纹扩展速率表达式。结果表明,在裂纹扩展的初期和中期,母材区的裂纹扩展速率最快,焊缝区的裂纹扩展速率最慢;在裂纹扩展末期,三区域的裂纹扩展快慢相当。     

9Cr与CrMoV异种焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值研究

裂纹扩展抗力是材料的内在属性,Paris的重要贡献是将ΔK引入疲劳裂纹扩展的研究,表明疲劳裂纹扩散的控制参数是应力强度因子ΔK。本试验异种焊接接头采用钨极氩弧焊(TIG)进行打底焊接,而后采用埋弧自动焊进行多层多道焊接,焊后进行相应的回火处理,之后随炉自然冷却。实验材料为9Cr钢母材、Cr Mo V母材和两侧的热影响区及焊缝区。按照降K法进行测试,应力比分别设定为0.5、0.7、0.9,在近门槛值区域进行多次测量,通过线性回归法拟合出直线方程,由此计算出疲劳扩展门槛值,可反映该焊接条件下9Cr与Cr Mo V异种材料接头的疲劳裂纹扩展行为。     

桥梁钢Q345焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展速率研究

对桥梁用钢Q345焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展性能进行了试验研究。测得对接接头的硬度分布,结果表明,焊接接头焊缝中心处的硬度值较低,在热影响区的重结晶区存在硬度最高点,而在部分重结晶区存在硬度最低点,硬度最低点为对接接头的薄弱区。通过疲劳裂纹扩展速率测试,得到其对接接头不同区域的疲劳裂纹扩展a-N曲线以及lg(da/dN)-lgΔK曲线。分析对比对接接头各区域的疲劳裂纹扩展速率lg(da/dN)-lgΔK曲线可知,在同一应力水平下,对接接头不同部位的疲劳裂纹扩展速率不同,热影响区的扩展速率较快,母材次之,焊缝金属最慢。并通过疲劳断口和焊接接头的显微组织,分析了其疲劳裂纹扩展速率不同的原因。     

低碳低硅600MPa级TRIP-SH钢的疲劳性能研究

通过低硅TRIP-SH钢的低周疲劳试验、高频疲劳试验,获得了该钢的低周疲劳ε-N曲线、高频疲劳的σ-N曲线及裂纹扩展速度da/dN表达式.结果表明,该钢低周疲劳循环应变硬化指数n'=0.1887,循环强度系数K'=1547 MPa,高频疲劳的疲劳极限σ0.1为405 MPa,裂纹扩展门槛值ΔKth为229 MPa · mm0.5.较高的疲劳强度和裂纹扩展门槛值表明TRIP-SH钢具备良好的疲劳性能.     

应力比对TC4-DT钛合金疲劳裂纹扩展速率的影响

对TC4-DT钛合金在不同应力比下的疲劳裂纹扩展行为进行了研究,绘制出疲劳裂纹扩展速率和应力强度因子幅值ΔK之间的关系曲线,用SEM对断口形貌进行了观测。实验结果表明,随着应力比增加,裂纹扩展速率增加;应力比降低,da/dN曲线向高ΔK方向移动。预裂区主要是以微区解理断裂机制为主,稳态扩展区主要是以疲劳条带扩展机制为主,同时也存在微区解理断裂机制,快速扩展区的断口形貌呈韧窝型静载断裂特征。     

Q960E热影响粗晶区疲劳寿命与ΔKth值的关系分析

基于模拟焊接热循环试验及疲劳裂纹扩展试验,对动载结构用高强钢Q960E热影响粗晶区进行了多种应力幅值作用下的疲劳寿命研究.通过得到Paris方程建立了不同焊接热模拟工艺下疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值（ΔK_th）随不同交变载荷下疲劳寿命值的近似线性关系.利用场发射扫描电镜中背散射衍射功能（EBSD）对疲劳裂纹扩展试样中的裂纹尖端进行了晶体学取向分析及扩展机制讨论.结果表明,在应力幅值ΔP固化后,疲劳寿命N随ΔK_th的增大而增加,其延寿微观机理在于组织中的亚结构取向存在差异,所形成的大角度晶界（≥15°）可有效迫使裂纹转向,从而提高材料的疲劳寿命.     

腐蚀疲劳过程中裂尖阳极溶解对裂纹扩展的作用

在模拟腐蚀疲劳裂尖介质中,分别用铂丝和40CrNiMo钢为辅助电极测定了在不同拉伸速率下中温回火的40CrNiMo钢的腐蚀电流密度i_(a)与应变速率、塑性应变量的关系,其结果为:利用疲劳裂纹尖端应变的弹塑性有限元计算,得到腐蚀疲劳裂尖阳极溶解引起的裂纹扩展与△K的关系,结果表明:中温回火的40CrNiMo钢在3.5％NaCl水容液中裂尖阳极溶解对腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的直接贡很小,阳极溶解的主要作用是影响为裂尖断裂区氢致开裂提供氢原子的阴极过程。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.