Soft magnetic properties of (Ni50Fe50)SiO2 granular thin films for high frequency application

series of (Ni50Fe50)x(SiO2)(1-x) films with different volume fraction x was fabricated by magnetron co-sputtering technique. The microstructure, magnetic and electrical properties were investigated systematically by using X-ray diffraction, transmission electronic microscope, vibrating sample magnetometer and the traditional four point measurement method of resistivity. The results show that the samples consist of nano-scaled Ni50Fe50metallic particles with fcc structure uniformly embedded in amorphous insulating SiO2 matrix, and the particle size decreases with the decrease of x . The rapid change of coercivity with x is observed, and a minimum value 160 A·m-1 of Hc was obtained for the sample of x =0.83 with film thickness of 180 nm, which can be contributed to the exchange coupling between nano-scaled Ni50Fe50 particles. At the frequency lower than 1 GHz, the real part μ' of complex permeability keeps about 110 and the image part μ" is less than 15. Besides, this film exhibits high resistivity ρ=263 μΩ·cm, high saturation magnetization 4π Ms=1.25 T, high in-plane magnetic anisotropy field Hk=6.37 kA·m-1 , and the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency is estimated to be 2.8 GHz. Therefore, this film can be used in high frequency devices operating over 2 GHz.     

Characterisation of HVOF sprayed Cr3C2-50(Ni20Cr) coating and the influence of binder properties on solid particle erosion behaviour

The coating Cr₃C₂ with 50 wt.% Ni20Cr deposited by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spray process was characterized in detail to investigate the effect of annealing on the solid particle erosion behaviour and understand the influence of the binder properties. Systematic characterization of the coating was carried out using electron microscopy (scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA)), X-ray diffraction (XRD), microindentation and nanoindentation techniques. The solid particle erosion tests were done on the as-sprayed coating and coatings annealed at 400 °C, 600 °C and 800 °C using silica erodent particles. The coefficient of restitution of the coated samples was also measured by WC ball impact tests to simulate dynamic impacts. The as-sprayed coating consisted of primary carbides and binder that was a mixture of amorphous and nanocrystalline phases. Annealing leads to recrystallisation of binder phase and precipitation of secondary carbides. The coating hardness and binder ductility change with annealing temperature. The erosion resistance improves with annealing up to 600 °C. In the as-sprayed coating, the amorphous phase, inter-splat boundaries and the elastic rebound characteristics affect the erosion response. While in the case of the coating annealed at 600 °C, the presence of ductile crystalline binder, fine carbide precipitates and embedment of erodent particles together improve solid particle erosion resistance.