电弧喷涂Fe-Cr-B涂层的钨极氩弧重熔处理

采用高速电弧喷涂技术及钨极氩弧重熔技术分别制备Fe-Cr-B喷涂层及其重熔层,采用X射线衍射仪、金相显微镜、X射线残余应力测试仪、显微硬度仪、动载磨料磨损试验机、扫描电子显微镜分别对喷涂试样及重熔试样的相结构、微观组织、残余应力、纵截面硬度、耐磨性及磨损表面形貌进行观察与测试。结果表明,重熔处理后,电弧喷涂Fe-Cr-B涂层的组成由Fe基非晶和硼化物相转为Cr_2B、(Cr,Fe)_2B、α-Fe相,涂层与基体由机械结合转为冶金结合,重熔试样由表层至基体的显微组织分别是初生硼化物以及共晶组织、共晶硼化物+马氏体+奥氏体、初生奥氏体以及共晶组织、热影响区组织。重熔处理后,涂层显微硬度由689 HV0.1上升为960 HV0.1,磨损失重率由0.088 g/(cm~2·min~(-1))降为0.004 6 g/(cm~2·min~(-1))。喷涂层的磨粒磨损机制主要是微断裂,重熔层的磨粒磨损机制主要是变形磨损和微切削。     

超音速火焰喷涂结晶器铜板Ni60A涂层真空退火研究

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术在结晶器铜板表面制备了高硬度、高耐磨性的Ni60A涂层,研究了真空退火对喷涂层显微组织、显微硬度及高温磨损性能的影响。采用金相显微镜、场发射扫描电镜和X衍射仪分析了喷涂层的显微组织、磨痕形貌和相结构,利用显微硬度计和销盘高温磨损仪检测了喷涂层的硬度和高温耐磨性。结果表明:喷涂层主相为固溶体相γ-(Ni,Fe),此外还有Cr23C6和NixSi相;真空退火后喷涂层显微硬度减小,但涂层组织变得更加致密,涂层500℃高温摩擦系数明显降低,磨损机理均为较轻的黏着磨损。     

机械液压杆的表面喷涂与涂层耐磨性能研究

以低碳钢丝+10%WC粉末为原料,在机械液压杆表面进行了电弧喷涂+氩弧重熔处理,研究了电弧喷涂涂层和氩弧重熔涂层的显微组织、物相组成以及涂层的硬度和耐磨形貌。结果表明,经过电弧喷涂处理后的涂层由白色的铁素体和黑色的珠光体组成,局部区域可见棱角状和条状的WC白亮色区域。电弧喷涂涂层和氩弧重熔处理后的涂层的物相都由α-Fe、WC和W_2C组成。机械液压杆熔覆涂层和过渡区的显微硬度都高于基材。随着磨损时间的增加,机械液压杆表面涂层的磨损量不断增加,磨损机制主要为以粘着磨损为主带有微切削。     

汽车发动机用AZ91D合金的表面改性设计与性能研究

对汽车发动机用AZ91D合金进行等离子喷涂和激光重熔改性处理,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、显微硬度计、电化学工作站研究了AZ91D合金基材和涂层的显微形貌、物相组成、摩擦磨损和耐腐蚀性能。结果表明,等离子喷涂涂层和激光重熔层的显微硬度相较于AZ91D合金基材有明显提高,提高幅度约为10倍和13倍,而过渡层的显微硬度介于基材和涂层之间;相同载荷下等离子涂层的摩擦系数要高于激光重熔层,AZ91D合金基材的磨损机制主要为粘着磨损和磨粒磨损,等离子喷涂涂层和激光重熔层的磨损机制为轻微磨粒磨损;等离子喷涂涂层和激光重熔涂层的耐腐蚀性能都要远优于AZ91D合金基材,由于具有致密均匀的涂层结构,激光重熔层具有最小的腐蚀倾向和腐蚀速率,耐腐蚀性能最好。     

重熔对NiCrBSi涂层组织及高温耐磨性能的影响

目的改善Ni Cr BSi涂层的组织及高温耐磨性能。方法采用等离子喷涂在45号钢基体上制备Ni Cr BSi涂层,并用氩弧对其进行重熔处理。利用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪对喷涂层与重熔层的形貌、微观组织、成分与物相进行分析。采用显微硬度仪与纳米压痕仪测试涂层的硬度、弹性模量,并计算出涂层的断裂韧性。通过室温、300℃、500℃的摩擦磨损试验评价和比较喷涂层与重熔层的耐磨性能。结果重熔层各元素分布较均匀,主要由γ-(Fe,Ni)、Cr2B、Mn5Si2和α-Fe等物相组成。重熔层由喷涂层的层状结构转变为致密的铸态组织,孔隙率由7.2%降低至0.4%,重熔层与基体之间形成了冶金结合。涂层重熔后硬度由724HV降低至608HV,但是弹性模量与断裂韧性分别由161.15 GPa和0.63 MPa·m~(1/2)提高至195.92 GPa和7.18 MPa·m~(1/2)。结论重熔处理改善了涂层的组织,使得重熔层在室温、300℃、500℃的耐磨性能均优于喷涂层。随着温度的升高,喷涂层氧化脱落越来越严重,而重熔层无明显氧化脱落。     

稀土元素对Cu14AlX涂层组织和摩擦性能的影响

采用气雾水冷方法制备Ce质量分数分别为0和0.6%的Cu14AlX合金粉末,超音速等离子喷涂的方法制备喷涂层,利用光学显微镜、XRD、SEM-EDS以及EPMA分析Ce元素对Cu14AlX喷涂层表面组织形貌、合金相结构和化学成分的影响。在边界润滑条件下,比较不同Ce含量下喷涂层摩擦磨损性能,用SEM-EDS分析喷涂层磨损形貌及成分变化。结果表明:Ce的加入可以细化Cu14AlX喷涂层组织,使得Fe元素和K相增多且分布更加均匀,提高了喷涂层的耐磨性。两种喷涂层有不同的磨损形式,随着载荷的增大,不含Ce的喷涂层粘着磨损严重并伴随轻微的磨粒磨损,在高载荷(4.90Mpa)下,由粘着磨损转化为磨粒磨损;含Ce(质量分数)0.6%的喷涂层以轻度磨粒磨损为主,在高载荷下,转变为中度磨粒磨损,部分区域出现加工硬化现象.     

氩弧重熔对D型石墨铸铁表面耐磨性的影响

D型石墨铸铁因其良好的性能,广泛应用于汽车缸体、缸套、凸轮轴、模具等零部件,在其使用过程中,通常需要具有良好的表面耐磨性。进行了不同重熔电流的D型石墨铸铁氩弧重熔强化工艺对比。利用显微硬度计、磨损实验机测试了表面硬度和磨损现象;利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜分析了重熔电流对重熔层组织与磨损形貌的影响。结果表明:D型石墨铸铁经氩弧重熔后可获得硬度高、耐磨性好的表面强化层;重熔区组织主要有树枝状(M+A')+低温莱氏体(M+A+碳化物);在一定工艺参数范围内,重熔电流90 A、重熔速度3.5 mm/s、气流量在10 L/min时,其耐磨性能达到最佳;D型石墨铸铁氩弧重熔表面的摩擦磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主。     

激光重熔等离子喷涂WC颗粒增强镍基涂层组织及高温磨损性能

为了提高等离子喷涂WC颗粒增强镍基涂层的性能,采用激光重熔工艺对涂层进行处理,研究了激光重熔对涂层微观组织和性能的影响．用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和显微硬度计分析了涂层表面形貌、微观结构、相组成和显微硬度,同时对涂层的高温摩擦磨损特性进行了考察．结果表明,激光重熔消除了等离子喷涂层的层片状结构、孔隙等缺陷,涂层致密度提高;另外在激光高能量密度作用下,WC颗粒部分熔化,并在周围析出枝晶结构．激光重熔处理后涂层的显微硬度明显提高,其磨损性能也显著高于原等离子喷涂层．     

电弧喷熔技术

将电弧喷涂层进行电弧重熔可以消除孔隙等固有缺陷,减少氧化物等杂质含量,获得与基体为冶金结合且成形良好的表面层。顺次采用自制铁基药芯喷涂丝电弧喷涂和氩弧重熔方法获得电弧喷熔表面层,试验了电弧电流对重熔层组织和性能的影响。电弧喷熔层主要由马氏体基体和硼碳化合物组成,硬度和耐磨性较喷涂层有明显提高。     

重熔处理对高硅铝涂层组织和性能的影响

为了提高铝合金表面的耐磨性能,在A356铝合金表面通过等离子喷涂技术制备了高硅铝涂层,并采用钨极氩弧(TIG)工艺对该涂层进行了重熔处理。使用金相显微镜、XRD、SEM和MM-200磨损试验机等对喷涂层和重熔层的组织和性能进行对比分析测试。结果表明:制备高硅铝涂层可显著提高A356铝合金表面的硬度和耐磨性;而采用TIG重熔工艺对高硅铝涂层进行重熔处理可以有效地减少喷涂层内部的缺陷,使喷涂层和基体之间的结合方式由机械结合变为冶金结合,涂层的硬度和耐磨性也能获得少许提升。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.