Mn1-xZnxFe2O4 (0≤x≤1)纳米粉体的模板辅助溶胶凝胶法制备及其磁性能研究

通过模板辅助溶胶-凝胶法制备了一系列的Mn_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄(0≤x≤1,步长为0.2)纳米粉体。利用XRD和VSM对材料的物相和磁性能进行了表征,主要研究了Mn_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄分子式中Zn含量的变化对样品的微观结构和磁性能的影响。实验结果表明,具有不同Zn含量的Mn_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄样品均为尖晶石结构;随着Zn含量的增加,样品的晶面间距d、平均晶粒尺寸D、饱和磁化强度M_s和居里温度T_c都呈现出下降的趋势,而样品的矫顽力H_c则呈现出先升高后降低的趋势。分析认为,M_s的下降可以用Yafet-Kittel倾角理论解释,T_c的降低归因于晶格中反铁磁性耦合的降低,而H_c的变化则主要是由于材料的磁晶各向异性常数K₁的变化引起的。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备热敏锰锌铁氧体及其磁性研究

采用以硫酸锰、硫酸锌、硫酸亚铁以及柠檬酸为原料的溶胶-凝胶方法制备热敏锰锌铁氧体.在900℃煅烧,得到锰锌铁氧体的粉体.将粉体压成环形样品,在平衡气氛下,1350℃烧结.采用扫描电镜(SEM)分析锰锌铁氧体烧结体的显微结构;用HP4192,测量从室温到150℃的烧结体的磁导率.结果表明在800℃热处理,得到尖晶石结构的锰锌铁氧体粉体.在平衡气氛下,1300℃烧结2 h,得到尖晶石结构的锰锌铁氧体烧结体.扫描电镜(SEM)图谱显示烧结体显微结构致密,晶粒平均尺寸大约在5-10μm锰锌热敏铁氧体的磁导率μi在居里温度附近发生突变,说明锰锌热敏铁氧体的磁性由铁磁相转变为顺磁相在铁离子含量不变的条件下,随着锌离子含量(Zn2 )的增加,锰离子含量(Mn2 )的减少,锰锌热敏铁氧体的居里温度降低;锰锌热敏铁氧体的磁导率μi,随着锌离子含量(Zn2 )的增加而降低.     

制备条件对NiZn铁氧体纳米晶材料磁性能的影响

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备尖晶石结构的Ni1-xZnxFe2O4铁氧体纳米粉体材料,同时系统研究Ni/Zn比、溶液pH值以及煅烧温度对制备的Ni1-xZnxFe2O4铁氧体纳米材料微结构及磁性能影响。结果表明,随着Ni含量的增加,生成物中未反应的氧化铁不断增多。当x=0.3时,NiZn铁氧体的饱和磁化强度(Ms)最大。但随着温度的增加,氧化铁的含量减少,NiZn铁氧体的生成量增加。同时发现溶液pH值对Ni0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4铁氧体微结构及性能影响较大,当溶液的pH=5时,Ni0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4纳米材料的Ms最大。实验得到了NiZn铁氧体的最佳制备条件:Ni/Zn比为0.7/0.3,溶液pH值为5,最佳烧结温度为900℃。     

四元Mg2Si0.27Ge0.05Sn0.65Sb0.03固溶体的热电性能

通过氧化硼助熔剂法和放电等离子烧结技术制备了Mg_2(1+x)Si_0.27Ge_0.05Sn_0.65Sb_0.03 (x = 0.05, 0.08)四元固溶体热电材料。测量了在300 K - 800 K 的温度区间内测试了所有四元固溶体试样的塞贝克系数、电导率和热导率。研究结果表明随着温度的升高电导率单调降低而塞贝克系数单调升高,所有样品的晶格热导率明显高于通过Abeles模型计算所得到的理论值。最高无量纲热电优值出现在x=0.08样品中,在800 K时达到最高值1.0.     

预处理气氛对铁离子掺杂的氧化钛纳米管微结构和光催化活性的影响

本文通过在空气和还原性气氛中煅烧铁离子掺杂的锐铁矿纳米粉体,并且采用水热合成法制备了具有锐铁矿结构的纳米管,研究了它们的微结构和物理化学行为。研究发现,与在空气中煅烧相比,还原性气氛下煅烧引入了低价态Fe₂₊和Ti₃₊离子以及更多的表面吸附氧,纳米管的比表面积、亚甲基蓝吸附能力以及光吸收阈值得到显著提高。1 mol% Fe 掺杂以及还原处理产生了最高的吸附和光催化活性及其降解持久性,过多掺杂反而降低了光催化性能。此外,水热合成引起纳米管的含铁量下降。     

GPS烧结对Mn-Zn铁氧体性能的影响

研究了气压烧结(GPS)对Mn-Zn铁氧体材料密度、磁性、晶体特性方面的影响.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、金相分析(MA),发现气压烧结后样品虽然仍具有典型立方铁氧体尖晶石相结构,总气孔体积减小,但晶粒存在非均匀性长大,并且在晶粒内部存在少量气孔.样品性能检测结果表明气压烧结对材料密度、饱和磁感应强度、矫顽力有着明显改善,但却引起材料起始磁导率下降以及剩余磁感应强度的增加;在1400℃保温2.5 h,同时加10 MPa气压保温3.0 h烧结的Mn-Zn铁氧体材料的性能为p＞5.0 g.cm-3;μi3500～4000;B＞500 mT;Br＜130 mT;Hc＜4.0A·M-1;平均晶粒度 60～80 μm.     

烧结工艺及热挤压对纳米Al2O3p/7075铝基构型复合材料组织与性能的影响

采用粉末冶金与热挤压工艺制备了 10 wt%纳米Al₂O_3p/7075铝基构型复合材料。研究了真空与非真空下不同烧结温度、不同挤压比对复合材料微观组织、致密度、弹性模量、硬度和压缩强度的影响。结果表明：随烧结温度升高,挤压比4:1与8:1构型复合材料的硬度皆为先增加后降低,整体相对基体材料硬度均明显提高;复合材料经过挤压过后材料的致密度均在98 %以上;挤压比4:1,烧结温度为620℃、630 ℃、640℃时,相对于基体复合材料抗压强度分别提高了15.3%,17.2%,14.0%,随温度先增大后降低;挤压比8:1时,相对基体复合材料抗压强度分别提高了33.2%,34.1%,31.1%,强度随温度先增大后降低。而构型复合材料综上实验中弹性模量变化不大。     

(Ca0.96D0.04)MnO3(D=Ca, Sr, Rb, Sm)氧化物的制备和热电性能研究

利用溶胶凝胶法制备出(Ca_0.96D_0.04)MnO₃(D=Ca, Sr, Rb, Sm)氧化物粉末后,先分别采用氩气气氛的放电等离子烧结和空气气氛的常压烧结制备出CaMnO₃(CMO)块体,并对其相组成进行分析,选择出更为优异的CaMnO₃块体制备方法。再进一步制备出(Ca_0.96D_0.04)MnO₃(D=Sr, Rb, Sm)氧化物块体,最后对(Ca_0.96D_0.04)MnO₃(D=Ca, Sr, Rb, Sm)块体的物相组成、显微组织和热电性能进行测试分析。实验结果表明：氩气气氛放电等离子烧结制备的CaMnO₃块体发生物相分解,原因是放电等离子烧结的烧结环境贫氧;空气气氛的常压烧结可以得到物相较纯净的(Ca_0.96D_0.04)MnO₃(D=Ca, Sr, Rb, Sm)块体;在整个测试温度范围内,(Ca_0.96D_0.04)MnO₃(D= Sr, Rb, Sm)的ZT值在873K时达到最大,分别为0.11、0.08和0.07,相比于未掺杂试样提高了约1.3~2.2倍。     

Cr3+, Nd3+:GSGG激光陶瓷原料制备及性能研究

本文采用共沉淀法制备Cr₃₊与Nd₃₊不同配比的Cr₃₊,Nd₃₊:GSGG激光陶瓷的前驱粉体,在不同的温度下对其进行煅烧得到多晶粉体原料,采用X射线衍射、热分析仪、场发射扫描电镜和分光光度计对煅烧后多晶原料的物相转变、微观形貌和发光性能进行研究,确定复合掺杂离子的最佳掺杂浓度。结果表明,前驱粉体在900℃下煅烧可获得分布均匀的GSGG纳米粉体,Cr₃₊与Nd₃₊之间存在能量传递机制,能够增强发光。     

采用低氟溶胶-凝胶法在725℃煅烧温度下制备YBCO超导薄膜的研究

采用低氟溶胶-凝胶法在LaAlO₃(100)基板上制备了YBa₂Cu₃O_7-x (YBCO)薄膜,研究了725℃的煅烧过程中氧含量对最终所得到YBCO薄膜的临界电流密度J_c的影响。研究发现,煅烧过程中氧气含量在100-1700 ppm范围内时,所获得的YBCO薄膜均具有良好的双轴织构特征。然而,当氧气含量较小时,所获得的YBCO薄膜致密性差,J_c较低。随着氧气含量的增大,YBCO薄膜表面逐渐变得致密。当氧气含量增加到300ppm时,YBCO薄膜表面较致密,J_c值达到4.3MA/cm₂。继续增大氧含量,薄膜表面出现富铜的第二相颗粒并逐渐增多,导致薄膜J_c降低。     

Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite nanoparticles synthesized from spent alkaline Zn-Mn batteries

Using spent alkaline Zn-Mn batteries as raw material, Mn-Zn soft magnetic ferrite nanoparticles are prepared by multi-step processes including acid leaching, chemical treatment of battery iron shells and citrate-nitrate precursor auto-combustion. Acid leaching and chemical treatment mechanisms are investigated. Dried gels thermal decomposition process, auto-combustion, phase composition, morphological and magnetic properties of as-prepared Mn-Zn ferrite nanoparticles are characterized by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. Synthesized Mn-Zn ferrite nanoparticles (Mn_0.5Zn_0.5Fe₂O₄) have pure ferrite phase, larger saturation magnetization (M_s = 60.62 emu g⁻¹) and lower coercivity (H_c = 30 Oe) compared with the same composition ferrites prepared by other techniques due to better crystallinity. Mn-Zn ferrite nanoparticles synthesis method presents a viable alternative for alkaline Zn-Mn batteries recycling.     

Effect of heat treatment on the magnetic properties of nanocrystalline spinel Li–Ni ferrite prepared by a simple soft chemistry route

A simple soft chemistry route was developed to synthesize nanocrystalline Li–Ni ferrite (Li_0.25Ni_0.5Fe_2.25O₄). The as-prepared ferrite samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The effects of the annealing temperature on the particle sizes and magnetic properties of the synthesized Li–Ni ferrites were investigated. The results indicated that the ferrite samples obtained by this method had the single-phase spinel structure. Particle sizes estimated from Scherrer's formula increased with the annealing temperature. The magnetic properties of the ferrite samples showed strong dependence on the annealing temperature. The coercivity initially increased and then decreased with increasing annealing temperature whereas the saturation magnetization continuously increased.     

Effects of Ce<Superscript>3+</Superscript> doping on the structure and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrite fibers

Ce³⁺-doped Mn-Zn ferrite fibers were successfully prepared by the organic gel-thermal decomposition method from metal salts and citric acid. The composition, structure, and magnetic properties of these ferrite fibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results show that Mn_0.2Zn_0.8Fe_2−x Ce _x O₄ (x = 0–0.04) fibers are featured with an average grain size of 11.6–12.7 nm, with diameters ranging between 1.0 to 3.5 μm and a high aspect ratio (length/diameter). The Ce³⁺ ion doping has not resulted in crystal structural changes of the Mn-Zn ferrite phase and all the as-prepared ferrite fibers have a simple spinel phase structure, although this influences the morphologies of Mn_0.2Zn_0.8Fe_2−x Ce _x O₄ ferrite fibers possibly owing to the lattice distortion and internal-stress. Both the lattice constant and grain size increase slightly with the increase of the Ce³⁺ ion doping content. The soft magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrite fibers can be improved by a small amount of Ce³⁺ ion doping with an increase of the saturated magnetization and a decrease of the coercivity.     

Microstructure and magnetic performance of Ni-substituted high density MnZn ferrite

The effects of NiO on microstructure and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrite with a nominal composition of Zn0.32Mn0.60-xNixFe2.08O4 were investigated. The calcined powder of Mn-Zn ferrite was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), the fracture surface of Mn-Zn ferrite was checked by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), and then the magnetic properties were measured. As a result, the substitution of Ni can cause the crystallattice constant of MnZn ferrite to decline, and the grain size to decrease, therefore improve the magnetic performance of MnZn ferrite whose density exceeds 5.0 g·cm-3.     

Synthesis of gallium bearing magnetic particles from aqueous solution: influence of mixing procedure of initial solution and the ratio of Ga/Fe

Gallium-bearing magnetite particles were synthesized by aerial oxidation of alkaline suspension containing both ferrous and gallium ions. It was found that the mixing procedure and temperature were critical in the preparation of ferrite particles without the formation of -FeOOH (ferric oxyhydroxide), non-spherical particles and amorphous phase, evidenced by characterization of SEM and XRD. On the other hand, the concentration of Ga³⁺ entry into the structure of spinel was different with the mixing procedure and temperature. Single phase of spinel gallium-bearing magnetites were precipitated at the temperature from 25 to 90 °C in the C procedure in which the neutralization of Ga was performed firstly, but the concentration of Ga entry into spinel of magnetites decreased with the temperature increasing. While in the procedure D in which neutralization of Fe ions was performed firstly, single phase of spinel gallium-bearing magnetites were precipitated only at the temperature above 65 °C, and the content of gallium precipitated into the magnetites increased with the temperature. Mossbauer analysis and magnetic characteristic were used to investigate the cation distribution of the gallium bearing ferrites with different ratio of Ga³⁺/Fe²⁺, which showed small content gallium introduction to have entered the tetrahedral sites preferentially rather than the octahedral sites, and increasing gallium introduction to have located between octahedral and tetrahedral sites.     

反应温度对NiCuZn铁氧体结构和磁性的影响

在反应温度分别为303,323和343K的条件下,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了三种Ni_(0.2)Cu_(0.2)Zn_(0.6)O_4铁氧体前驱体.然后把三种前驱体在873K烧结5h后,再在1273K烧结3h.借助于TG-DSC、XRD、SEM、VSM技术,对干凝胶的热分解过程、产物的物相、微观结构和磁性能进行研究.结果表明,反应温度为303K制备的NiCuZn铁氧体粉体为单一的尖晶石结构,而在反应温度为323和343K制备的两种粉体却是Ni_(0.2)Cu_(0.2)Zn_(0.6)O_4,、ZnO和Fe_2O_3混合体.     

Effects of Ce~(3+) doping on the structure and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrite fibers

Ce3+-doped Mn-Zn ferrite fibers were successfully prepared by the organic gel-thermal decomposition method from metal salts and citric acid. The composition,structure,and magnetic properties of these ferrite fibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The results show that Mn0.2Zn0.8Fe2-xCexO4 (x = 0-0.04) fibers are featured with an average grain size of 11.6-12.7 nm,with diameters ranging between 1.0 to 3.5 μm and a high ...     

煅烧温度对NiCuZn铁氧体粉末微观结构和磁性的影响

通过草酸盐共沉淀法制备了纳米级别的NiCuZn铁氧体粉末,采用X射线衍射和振动样品磁强计分析研究了不同煅烧温度对试样的微观结构和饱和磁化强度的影响。试验结果表明：通过草酸盐共沉淀法制备的Ni0.4Cu0.2Zn0.4Fe2O4铁氧体粉末,在一定煅烧条件下能够得到单一尖晶石相的粉末;随着煅烧温度的增加,试样的饱和磁化强度增加,矫顽力减小。     

Synthesis, characterization, magnetic and electrical properties of the novel conductive and magnetic Polyaniline/MgFe2O4 nanocomposite having the core-shell structure

Conductive and magnetic Polyaniline/MgFe₂O₄ nanocomposite was successfully synthesized in the form of core-shell via in situ chemical polymerization of aniline in the presence of MgFe₂O₄ nano-particles. X-ray powder diffraction of ferrites indicated that the structure of the core material is having the spinel structure, and demonstrated the formation of PAni/MgFe₂O₄ nanocomposite. XRD and TEM photographs showed that the particle's size of the MgFe₂O₄ core-material were around 30-35 nm before coating with Polyaniline, and grown up to 45 nm in the core-shell nanocomposite after coating. Although PAni has a relatively smaller electrical field coefficient than the core-shell nanocomposite, the resistivity of the core-shell material decreased, and hence its conductivity increased after a certain threshold voltage of 0.98 V equivalent to threshold electric field value equals 5.5 V cm⁻¹. The magnetic hysteresis loops investigated with VSM indicated that coating MgFe₂O₄ with Polyaniline has an healing effect which covers the ferrite surface defects, thus decreasing the magnetic surface anisotropy of ferrite particles leading to a decrease of the saturated magnetization (Ms) from 21.33 emu/g to 5.905 emu/g and a decrease of the coercivity (Hc) from 88.66 Oe to 81.6 Oe for MgFe₂O₄ and the core-shell nanocomposite respectively due to the amount of Polyaniline added. TGA and DTA revealed improved thermal stability of the core-shell nanocomposite with respect to that of Polyaniline due to the incorporation of ferrites. Raman spectroscopy confirmed TGA, DTA and XRD studies, and revealed that pure PAni is less stable than the corresponding core-shell nanocomposite with respect to molecular changes which might occur during heating at elevated temperatures. Moreover, Raman study confirmed the interfacial interaction between the core and the shell materials, and lead to an assumption about the presence of different conjugation chain lengths and types, such as the presence of the semi-quinones aside the quinone rings in the polymer chain, which showed different response upon heating the sample.